DNP 820 Compare validity and reliability and explain why measurement tools used for your DPI Project need to be valid and reliable

Grand Canyon University DNP 820 Compare validity and reliability and explain why measurement tools used for your DPI Project need to be valid and reliable-Step-By-Step Guide

This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Grand Canyon University DNP 820 Compare validity and reliability and explain why measurement tools used for your DPI Project need to be valid and reliable assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.

How to Research and Prepare for DNP 820 Compare validity and reliability and explain why measurement tools used for your DPI Project need to be valid and reliable                           

Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Grand Canyon University DNP 820 Compare validity and reliability and explain why measurement tools used for your DPI Project need to be valid and reliable depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.

After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.

How to Write the Introduction for DNP 820 Compare validity and reliability and explain why measurement tools used for your DPI Project need to be valid and reliable                         

The introduction for the Grand Canyon University DNP 820 Compare validity and reliability and explain why measurement tools used for your DPI Project need to be valid and reliable is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.

How to Write the Body for DNP 820 Compare validity and reliability and explain why measurement tools used for your DPI Project need to be valid and reliable                         

After the introduction, move into the main part of the DNP 820 Compare validity and reliability and explain why measurement tools used for your DPI Project need to be valid and reliable assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.

Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.

How to Write the Conclusion for DNP 820 Compare validity and reliability and explain why measurement tools used for your DPI Project need to be valid and reliable                         

After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.

How to Format the References List for DNP 820 Compare validity and reliability and explain why measurement tools used for your DPI Project need to be valid and reliable                           

The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.

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Sample Answer for DNP 820 Compare validity and reliability and explain why measurement tools used for your DPI Project need to be valid and reliable

Re: Topic 4 DQ 1

A critical component of research is measurement. Measurement enables researchers to analyze differences amongst an intervention and controlled group. Doing this allows the researcher to determine the effectiveness of an intervention. Criteria that assess the quality of measurement is validity and reliability. Validity is the extent to which a concept is accurately measured (Heale & Twycross, 2015). In other words, the instruments used measures what it is supposed to measure. Reliability is the extent in which a research instrument consistently has the same results if it is used in the same situation but on different occasions (Heale & Twycross, 2015). Reliability is determined by consistency of what is produced.

Measurement tools used for the DPI project should be reliable and valid. It is important to mention that a research study can have reliability without validity.  Therefore, one should ensure the study contains both as this assures that the research findings are precise and replicable. Primary quantitative research studies do this through the research methodology. The methodology involves carefully designing the research, method selection and ensuring tools used are high quality. Good research also provides evidence on how reliability and validity was achieved.

Groninger et al., (2021) research on the impact of virtual reality on self-reported pain supports my DPI project. This prospective randomized controlled study had 88 participants and was done in an urban hospital in the United States. The study assessed pain on a numeric rating scale pre intervention and post intervention. Study participants experienced a statistically significant improvement in pain scores after ten minutes of virtual reality. For my DPI project I will use the numeric rating pain scale to measure pain. The goal of my project is to see if virtual reality will be effective in decreasing pain in hospitalized patients. The numeric rating pain scale is valid as it will measure pain. It also has excellent test-retest reliability. Hence it is a reliable tool for measuring pain intensity.

Reference

Groninger, H., Stewart, D., Fisher, J. M., Tefera, E., Cowgill, J., & Mete, M. (2021). Virtual reality for pain management in advanced heart failure: A randomized controlled study. Palliative Medicine, 35(10), 2008-2016. https://doi.org/10.1177/02692163211041273

Heale, R., & Twycross, A. (2015). Validity and Reliability in Quantitative Studies. Evidence Based Nursing, 18(3), 66–67.

Sample Answer 2 for DNP 820 Compare validity and reliability and explain why measurement tools used for your DPI Project need to be valid and reliable

As doctoral students, conducting empirical research is one a foundational aspect of the body of work for the DPI project. Two key elements of evaluation of research is to understand the validity and reliability of the data. If data elements are not valid the results of the study will be impacted. There are four types of validity: construct, statistical conclusiveness, internal and external validity (Abowitz & Toole, n.d.). When establishing the data elements in a research project, it is crucial to ensure that the data is measurable and non-biased. Using data elements that have been used in previous studies provides a higher level of validity of data versus creating an untested element.

Being able to critique quantitative research is an important skill for medical providers. Consideration must be given not only to the results of the study but also the rigor of the research. Rigor refers to the extent to which the researchers worked to enhance the quality of the studies. In quantitative

research, this is achieved through measurement of the validity and reliability. Validity refers to the credibility or believability of the research. Validity looks at whether the measuring instrument adequately covered all of the content that it should cover with respect to the variable (Lawrence, 2015). For example, does the instrument cover the entire domain related to the variable, or construct it was designed to measure? An example is, does an undergraduate nursing course with instruction about public health, does an examination with content validity would cover all the content in the course with greater emphasis on the topics that had received greater coverage or more depth.

Reliability refers to the repeatability of findings. If the study were to be done a second time, would it yield the same results? If the data produces the same results then we can say that the data is reliable. If there is more than one person observing an actual behavior or some event, all observers should agree on what is being recorded in order to claim that the data are reliable. The question to ask is “does the research instrument consistently has the same results if it is used in the same situation on repeated occasions?” A simple example of validity and reliability is an alarm clock that rings at 7:00 each morning, but is set for 6:30. It is very reliable (it consistently rings the same time each day), but is not valid (it is not ringing at the desired time) (Lawrence, 2015).

Reliability and validity are important to remember when analyzing a research article. If the results of a study are not deemed to be valid then they are meaningless to a study. If it does not measure what we want it to measure then the results cannot be used to answer the research question,

which is the main aim of the study. These results cannot then be used to generalize any findings and become a waste of time and effort. It is important to remember that just because a study is valid in one instance it does not mean that it is valid for measuring something else. Once again reliability refers to the repeatability of findings. If the study were to be done a second time, would it yield the same results?

References

Lawrence, L. (2015). Validity, reliability, and generalizability in qualitative research. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Vol 4, Iss 3, Pp 324-327 (2015), (3), 324. doi:10.4103/2249-4863.161306

Mohajan, H. (2017). Two criteria for good measurements in research: Validity and reliability. Annals of Spiru Haret University Economic Series, Vol 17, Iss 4, Pp 59-82 (2017), (4), 59. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.26458/1746

DNP-820 Topic 4 DQ 2 Sample Answer

Quantitative research is a type of research method that demonstrates measurement and accuracy while making use of a rigorous and controlled design to examine phenomena. The series of applications of quantitative research may be observed in clinical trials for new treatments and medications to surveying nursing staff and patients. The design type is further designs include experimental, quasi-experimental, and non-experimental. While Qualitative research centers on lived experiences and human perceptions using multiple ways to collect data. The qualitative method of research is categorized as ethnography, phenomenology, grounded theory, historical research, and case studies. The mixed research method allows for inferences of data from both quantitative and qualitative research by analyzing data and integrating the findings (Rutberg and Bouikidis, 2018). While both quantitative and qualitative approaches are important quantitative research is most recommended for the DPI project for statistical validity.   

Based upon the hierarchical strength in the level of evidence pyramid, translating evidence into practice with evidence from the higher ranked level is crucial. Melnyk  (2016) describe systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials as the strongest level of evidence to guide interventions in clinical practice but added that randomized controlled trial could substitute for the former in their absence in order of strength in supporting level of evidence. The formation of a PICOT question is a pivotal guide in locating the most appropriate data and evidence to support the translation of evidence into improved practice. This level of evidence applies to my DPI project as it is geared toward the best treatment approach for asymptomatic urinary tract infections. Using critically appraised results from a systematic review of randomized controlled trials or randomized clinical trials establishes the best-proven evidence that can be applied to improve clinical practice. It is important to note that the article’s validity, reliability, and applicability are vital in influencing the change of practice (Melnyk, 2016). 

Reference 

Melnyk, B. M. (2016). Level of Evidence Plus Critical Appraisal of Its Quality Yields Confidence to Implement Evidence-Based Practice Changes. Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing, 13(5), 337–339. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1111/wvn.12181 

Rutberg, S., & Bouikidis, C. D. (2018). Exploring the Evidence Quantitative and Qualitative Research Focusing on the Fundamentals: A Simplistic Differentiation Between Qualitative and Quantitative Research. Nephrol. Nurs. J, 45(2).