Evidence-Based Practice Project Proposal: Research Design Comparison
Translational Research Graphic Organizer
Nursing Practice Problem:
Nursing practice problems vary in scope, manifestations, and affected populations. Nurse burnout is prevalent in current settings since approximately 34.6% of emergency department nurses encounter or are at risk of it (Kelly et al., 2021). The prevalence varies with settings depending on the workload and interventions for resilience, self-care, and coping. Nurse burnout hampers patient care; it increases stress, job dissatisfaction, and turnover rates (Lee et al., 2021). Nurses experiencing burnout cannot give patients maximum attention hence increasing the risk of misdiagnosis, treatment errors, and patients’ dissatisfaction with care. To avert the dangers of nurse burnout, mindfulness breathing training has been proposed to help nurses cope with burnout and approach patient care with a positive mindset and relaxed mood. As a coping strategy, mindfulness breathing is a meditation practice that improves nurses’ focus by empowering them to be more aware of their thoughts (Veiga et al., 2019; Gherardi-Donato et al., 2023). The awareness helps them to focus on what matters to patients and the care process. The practice promotes a sense of relaxation and relieves stress, which the study population critically needs for sustained performance.
Comparison 1: Translational Research vs. Qualitative Research
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| Criteria | Peer-Reviewed Translational Article and Permalink/Working Link: Slatyer, S., Craigie, M., Rees, C., Davis, S., Dolan, T., & Hegney, D. (2018). Nurse experience of participation in a mindfulness-based self-care and resiliency intervention. Mindfulness, 9, 610-617. DOI: 10.1007/s12671-017-0802-2 Translational Research Type: T3 (Translation to practice) The study is a clinical trial for enabling the delivery of the recommended and timely care to patients. | Peer-Reviewed Traditional Article and Permalink/Working Link: Brun, C., Akinyemi, A., Houtin, L., Mizzi, C., Cardoso, T., & Isnard Bagnis, C. (2023). Mindfulness and compassion training for health professionals: a qualitative study. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 8723. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1113453 Traditional Qualitative Research Type: qualitative study assessing the impact of a compassion-centered mindfulness program. | Observations (Similarities/Differences) Both studies are qualitative in nature and focus on mindfulness. However, the translational research article examines nurses’ experiences while the traditional research article evaluates a broader group of healthcare practitioners. |
| Methodology | The study was a mindfulness self-care and resiliency (MSCR) program piloted in Australia’s tertiary acute care hospital. A sample of twenty nurses received the program, and sixteen provided their experiences with the training through semi-structured interviews. The program contained a one-day educational workshop on introduction to mindfulness and weekly sessions of mindfulness skills, including breathing and body movement followed. Nurses also received fatigue resiliency training. | Brun et al. (2023) assessed the impacts of the Mindfulness-Based (MB) CARE program among healthcare professionals. The program is a curriculum dedicated to healthcare professionals to reduce burnout levels by training in mindfulness and compassion. Mindfulness training, which included breathing strategies, focused on developing participants’ non-judgmental attitude and good intentional skills, while the compassion component was primarily about enabling participants to accept themselves as human beings. | Similarities Both studies are evaluation programs on the impact of mindfulness-based interventions. Differences The study groups, samples, and the length of the programs differ in the articles. The impact areas of mindfulness interventions also differ in the articles. |
| Goals | The study aimed at achieving two major goals; reducing compassion fatigue among nurses and enhancing their resilience. These skills enable them to work competently amid workplace stressors increasing the risk of burnout. | The study’s primary aim was to evaluate the impact of a compassionate-centered mindfulness program on healthcare practitioners. A critical component of the program was mindfulness breathing, which is the current project’s focus. | Similarities/Differences Both studies evaluated the impact of mindfulness-based interventions on healthcare professionals. However, the translational research article examines the impact of the intervention on reducing compassion fatigue among nurses and enhancing their resilience. In contrast, the traditional research article focused on practitioners’ ability to care for themselves and how the program impacted their practice. |
| Data Collection | Researchers collected data via individual unstructured interviews. Focus areas included how the program benefitted nurses in developing feelings of inner calm, using self-care strategies, and gaining perspectives and insight. | Brun et al. (2023)conducted phone (semi-structured) interviews with healthcare practitioners who benefitted from the program. Focus areas included: the training experience, practitioners’ ability to care for themselves, and how the program impacted their practice. | Similarities In both studies, data were collected via interviews; thus, there were one-on-one interactions to explore participants’ experiences. Differences The studied differed in the type of interviews. Slatyer et al. (2018) primarily relied on unstructured interviews while Brun et al. (2023) used semi-structured interviews. Unstructured interviews provide rich details through active listening and probing and participants are less likely to withhold information. |
Comparison 2: Translational Research vs. Quantitative Research
| Criteria | Peer-Reviewed Translational Article and Permalink/Working Link: Gracia Gozalo, R. M., Ferrer Tarrés, J. M., Ayora Ayora, A., Alonso Herrero, M., Amutio Kareaga, A., & Ferrer Roca, R. (2019). Application of a mindfulness program among healthcare professionals in an intensive care unit: Effect on burnout, empathy and self-compassion. Medicina Intensiva, 43(4), 207–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medin.2018.02.005 Translational Research Type: translation to practice (T3) The study is designed to enable healthcare professionals to deliver the recommended and timely care to patients. | Peer-Reviewed Traditional Article and Permalink/Working Link: Yıldırım, D., & Çiriş Yıldız, C. (2022). The effect of mindfulness-based breathing and music therapy practice on nurses’ stress, work-related strain, and psychological well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic: a randomized controlled trial. Holistic Nursing Practice, 36(3), 156–165. https://doi.org/10.1097/HNP.0000000000000511 Traditional Quantitative Research Type: an experimental study. Researchers conduct such studies to support or refute a hypothesis. | Observations (Similarities/Differences) Similarities Both studies are experimental; outcomes are compared before and after the intervention. A comparative analysis of outcomes is used to deduce outcomes. Differences The main difference is that the translational research is a pre-post study using one group while the traditional research article compares findings among two groups. |
| Methodology | Gracia Gozaloet al. (2019)conducted a longitudinal study with an intrasubject pre-post intervention design. Participants included physicians, nurses, and nursing assistants working in an intensive care unit of a tertiary hospital. In this study, researchers conducted a workshop on the practice of mindfulness and its usefulness, followed by 8-week short guided practices via a WhatsApp group. Participants also received daily reminders with stimulating messages. | Yıldırım and Çiriş Yıldız (2022) conducted a randomized controlled trial in a COVID-19 department of a Turkish university hospital. Nurses caring for COVID-19 patients were divided into intervention and control groups of 52 participants each. The intervention group received mindfulness-based breathing and music therapy education. | Similarities Both studies use quantitative approaches to test hypotheses. Outcomes before and after the intervention are compared. Differences In the translational research article, researchers train nurses primarily on mindfulness. However, the second study combines mindfulness breathing and music therapy. |
| Goals | The study’s primary goal was to evaluate the impact of a mindfulness training program on burnout levels, empathy, self-compassion, and mindfulness of healthcare professionals. Regarding mindfulness breathing, participants were trained on internal anchoring in breathing and attention to breathing. | The study’s primary goal was to investigate how mindfulness-based breathing and music therapy practices impact nurses’ stress, work-related strain, and psychological well-being of nurses caring for COVID-19 patients. It hypothesized that mindfulness-based breathing and music therapy are effective in reducing nurses’ stress levels and raising their well-being levels. | Similarities Both studies evaluate the impact of a mindfulness-based program (that includes mindfulness breathing) on healthcare professionals. Differences The study group is broader in the translational research article while the traditional research article focuses on nurses. Besides, the targeted outcomes differ. |
| Data Collection | Gracia Gozaloet al. (2019)administered questionnaires before and after the intervention. The main measurements included burnout levels, empathy, self-compassion, and mindfulness before and after the training program. Other data were demographic and workplace variables. | The researchers used different forms to collect different data and survey participants. The first was a personal information form for demographic details like age, gender, and marital status. The second was State Anxiety Inventory (STI) for identifying anxiety levels. The third tool was the psychological well-being scale for measuring psychological well-being. The last tool was a work-related strain scale for measuring strain levels. | Similarities In both studies, researchers used qualitative data collection tools to compare findings before and after the intervention. Differences The main difference is the use of questionnaires only in the translational research article while researchers use different survey forms in the traditional research article. |
References
Brun, C., Akinyemi, A., Houtin, L., Mizzi, C., Cardoso, T., & Isnard Bagnis, C. (2023). Mindfulness and compassion training for health professionals: a qualitative study. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 8723. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1113453
Gherardi-Donato, E. C. D. S., Díaz-Serrano, K. V., Barbosa, M. R., Fernandes, M. N. D. F., Gonçalves-Ferri, W. A., Camargo Júnior, E. B., & Reisdorfer, E. (2023). The impact of an online mindfulness-based practice program on the mental health of Brazilian nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(4), 3666. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043666
Gracia Gozalo, R. M., Ferrer Tarrés, J. M., Ayora Ayora, A., Alonso Herrero, M., Amutio Kareaga, A., & Ferrer Roca, R. (2019). Application of a mindfulness program among healthcare professionals in an intensive care unit: Effect on burnout, empathy and self-compassion. Medicina Intensiva, 43(4), 207–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medin.2018.02.005
Kelly, L. A., Gee, P. M., & Butler, R. J. (2021). Impact of nurse burnout on organizational and position turnover. Nursing Outlook, 69(1), 96–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2020.06.008
Lee, M. M. D., Gensimore, M. M., Maduro, R. S., Morgan, M. K., & Zimbro, K. S. (2021). The impact of burnout on emergency nurses’ intent to leave: a cross-sectional survey. Journal of Emergency Nursing, 47(6), 892–901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jen.2021.07.004
Slatyer, S., Craigie, M., Rees, C., Davis, S., Dolan, T., & Hegney, D. (2018). Nurse experience of participation in a mindfulness-based self-care and resiliency intervention. Mindfulness, 9, 610-617. DOI: 10.1007/s12671-017-0802-2
Veiga, G., Rodrigues, A. D., Lamy, E., Guiose, M., Pereira, C., & Marmeleira, J. (2019). The effects of a relaxation intervention on nurses’ psychological and physiological stress indicators: a pilot study. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 35, 265-271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2019.03.008
Yıldırım, D., & Çiriş Yıldız, C. (2022). The effect of mindfulness-based breathing and music therapy practice on nurses’ stress, work-related strain, and psychological well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic: a randomized controlled trial. Holistic Nursing Practice, 36(3), 156–165. https://doi.org/10.1097/HNP.0000000000000511