DNP 815 Conduct a literature search in the Cumulative Index

Grand Canyon University DNP 815 Conduct a literature search in the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) using the terms middle range theory, mid-range theory, and nursing-Step-By-Step Guide

This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Grand Canyon University DNP 815 Conduct a literature search in the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) using the terms middle range theory, mid-range theory, and nursing assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.

How to Research and Prepare for DNP 815 Conduct a literature search in the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) using the terms middle range theory, mid-range theory, and nursing

Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Grand Canyon University DNP 815 Conduct a literature search in the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) using the terms middle range theory, mid-range theory, and nursing depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.

After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.

How to Write the Introduction for DNP 815 Conduct a literature search in the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) using the terms middle range theory, mid-range theory, and nursing

The introduction for the Grand Canyon University DNP 815 Conduct a literature search in the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) using the terms middle range theory, mid-range theory, and nursing is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.

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How to Write the Body for DNP 815 Conduct a literature search in the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) using the terms middle range theory, mid-range theory, and nursing

After the introduction, move into the main part of the DNP 815 Conduct a literature search in the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) using the terms middle range theory, mid-range theory, and nursing assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.

Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.

How to Write the Conclusion for DNP 815 Conduct a literature search in the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) using the terms middle range theory, mid-range theory, and nursing

After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.

How to Format the References List for DNP 815 Conduct a literature search in the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) using the terms middle range theory, mid-range theory, and nursing

The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.

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Sample Answer for DNP 815 Conduct a literature search in the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) using the terms middle range theory, mid-range theory, and nursing

Re: Topic 3 DQ 2

According to Risjord (2019) a middle-range theory shows how the phenomenon is brought about by analyzing the phenomenon into parts and identifying their relationships. This means that to understand a middle-range theory what it tells us, how it might be tested, what interventions it might support we must identify: (a) the phenomenon modelled, (b) the elements of the model and their properties, and (c) the relationships it postulates .The author went on to posit that significant advantage of representing a middle-range theory as a model is that it highlights the ways that the model may be significantly tested. If the model is operationalized and reasonably precise, the relevant test would measure or otherwise observe whether the elements change in the way that the model predicts.

These concepts can be related and integrated with Orem’s theory of nursing of self-care in hypertensive patients. These theories and models are for behavioral change, counselling skills, patient advocacy, empowerment, professional knowledge, health education and support form the nursing system in hypertension care which the nurse brings into the encounter with the patient. The patient brings certain attitudes and beliefs, a view of health, need for autonomy, their own personality and traits, perceived vulnerability, hardiness, a sense of coherence, locus of control, self-efficacy, and social support and network into the encounter. All these factors affect behavior and thus the patients’ habits. (Drevenhorn, 2018). During these consultations these concepts are integrated with Orem’s theory of nursing of self-care, whereby nurses can apply the theories and models for behavioral change in the consultation and using counselling skills, patient advocacy, empowerment, professional knowledge and health education, to support the patient. The middle-range theory could be easily adopted to nursing research or practice in various but specific areas of focus. (Im E,2018). Because of inherent characteristics of middle-range theories that address specific phenomena or concepts, middle-range theories could easily provide directions for nursing research and practice.

References

Drevenhorn E. (2018). A Proposed Middle-Range Theory of Nursing in Hypertension Care. International journal of hypertension, 2018, 2858253. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/2858253

Im E. O. (2018). Theory Development Strategies for Middle-Range Theories. ANS. Advances in nursing science, 41(3), 275–292. https://doi.org/10.1097/ANS.0000000000000215

Risjord M. (2019). Middle-range theories as models: New criteria for analysis and evaluation. Nursing philosophy : an international journal for healthcare professionals, 20(1), e12225. https://doi.org/10.1111/nup.12225

Sample Answer 2 for DNP 815 Conduct a literature search in the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) using the terms middle range theory, mid-range theory, and nursing

Nursing in hypertension care comprises counseling about lifestyle changes, blood pressure measurement, and being a translator for the physician. My literature search in CINAHL using the terms middle range theory and nursing resulted in many articles from which I chose an article written by Drevenhorn, E. (2018) on A Proposed Middle-Range Theory of Nursing in Hypertension Care. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a nurse’s caring relationship according to Watson’s Caring Model of blood pressure and quality of life and Orem’s self-care deficit theory. According to Drevenhorn, E. (2018), there are not many guidelines available to nursing; therefore, the development of a middle-range theory of nursing in hypertension care was developed to guide nurses in their practice, improve the nursing of patients, and design studies for investigating nursing in hypertension care. Patients’ attitudes and beliefs toward health and sickness, autonomy, personality and traits, level of perceived vulnerability, hardiness, sense of coherence, locus of control, self-efficacy, and access to social support and network were presented. Use of counseling skills, patient advocacy, empowerment, professional knowledge, health education, and support of patients was discussed as the nursing application of theories and models for behavioral change. Orem’s nursing theory was integrated with the concepts of consultation, including communication, shared decision-making, concordance, coping, adherence, and self-care Drevenhorn, E. (2018). The results support the middle-range hypothesis of self-care for chronic illness. Strategies and education to improve self-efficacy, health motivation and knowledge must be incorporated when designing self-care programs. Patients can participate in nursing interventions with their family members might facilitate improving self-care. Self-care was significantly correlated with learning, health motivation, self-efficacy, social support, and access to care. The studies showed that self-efficacy, health motivation, and knowledge influenced blood pressure. For patients, changing their lifestyle includes performing activities of daily living, including performing self-care.

Drevenhorn, E. (2018). A Proposed Middle-Range Theory of Nursing in Hypertension Care. International Journal of Hypertension, 1–11. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1155/2018/2858253

DNP 815 Topic 4 DQ 1 Sample Answer

Describe a recent or current ethical issue you have faced in nursing practice, or which has attained national attention.

Opioid misuse and addiction have become a national crisis in the United States of America. The writer works with elderly patients with crippling disease conditions such as Rheumatoid Arthritis, Osteoarthritis, degenerative joint disease, and generalized pain syndrome due to chronic health conditions (Tavernier, 2022). New pain management guidelines call for the use of multimodal analgesia to manage acute pain in hospitals and clinic settings. A clinical decision aid that emphasizes multimodal analgesia may improve healthcare professionals’ use of opioid-sparing strategy. Nurses and other health care professionals are at the forefront of medicine and can make a positive impact on the national opioid epidemic (Tavernier, 2022). Hospital leaders, Prescribers, and Pharmacists must address practices regarding the use of opioids for the management of acute pain by using clinical decision tools such as the Michigan Opioid Safety Score which would assist them to adopt new acute pain management guidelines (Tavernier, 2022).

A research study by Tavernier, (2022), provides nurses with evidence-based practice information on the opioid-sparing benefits of multimodal analgesia management strategies which is effective in pain management and reduces opioid requirements (Tavernier, 2022). Pain is common in those with a life-threatening illness and chronic pain syndrome. Yet well-known barriers of limited education, lack of time, and impaired access to expert and adequate treatment persist. The opioid abuse epidemic and the rising rate of deaths related to the misuse of opioids present new obstacles to chronic pain management and cancer pain relief (Tavernier, 2022).

The effort by the federal government to crack down on and reduce the impact of the opioid epidemic is important to the community. Due to the addicting nature of narcotic medications in the management of chronic health conditions, this is a difficult task for healthcare providers and patient’s caregivers (Vearrier, & Henderson, 2021). There are unintended consequences such as some patients truly need adequate pain management and are not getting it due to addiction, an overdose of the medication, and strict guidelines. When faced with an ethical dilemma, ethical principles serve as a guide to providing safe and effective pain control in chronic pain syndromes such as hospice and palliative care patients (Vearrier, & Henderson, 2021).

Discuss the application of ethical theories or principles to the issue.

This research was conducted in a single-center retrospective cohort study of ethics consultations from January 1, 1993, to December 31, 2017, at Massachusetts General Hospital. Research studies conducted by Vearrier, & Henderson, (2021), introduce the model of Utilitarian Principles as a framework for healthcare ethics crisis. During non-crisis times, Ethical principles provide four guiding rules in biomedical ethics which include (Bandini, et al., 2020).

–Autonomy: When it comes to Opioid Use Disorder, autonomy typically emerges as the decisive principle as nurses act according to their knowledge and judgment in providing nursing care within the full scope of practice as defined by existing professional, regulatory, and organizational rules (Vearrier, & Henderson, 2021).

–Nonmaleficence: Nurses providing care during the end of life for chronic pain management must not do-no-harm intentionally. Healthcare providers must provide a standard of care that avoids and minimizes risk as it relates to medical competencies. An example of intentional harm includes patients’ abandonment and negligence care (Vearrier, & Henderson, 2021).

Beneficence: Do unto others as you want others to do unto you. Beneficence requires action from the nurse to benefit others which includes being kind, compassionate, caring, and empathetic during providing care to the patient (Vearrier, & Henderson, 2021). Beneficence is an action guided by compassion and it includes helping patients during baths, providing medication in a timely manner, and feeding a patient that has dependent care needs (Vearrier, & Henderson, 2021).

Justice: This means that patients have a right to fair and impartial treatment. This means patients cannot be discriminated against or treatment cannot be denied based on insurance status, socioeconomic status, age ethnicity, or sexual orientation (Vearrier, & Henderson, 2021).

Reference

Bandini, J. I., Courtwright, A. M., Rubin, E., Erler, K. S., Zwirner, M., Cremens, M. C., McCoy, T. H., Robinson, E. M. (2020). Ethics Consultations Related to Opioid Use Disorder. 61(2):161-170. DOI: 10.1016/j.psym.2019.10.003

Tavernier, J. R. (2022). Original Research: Combating the Opioid Epidemic Through Nurse Use of Multimodal Analgesia: An Integrative Literature Review. AJN American Journal of Nursing, 122(5), 20-32. Retrieved from DOI: 10.1097/01.NAJ.0000829772.68328.d5

Vearrier, L., Henderson, C. M. (2021). Utilitarian Principlism as a Framework for Crisis Healthcare Ethics. HEC forum : an interdisciplinary journal on hospitals’ ethical and legal issues, 33 (1-2), 45-60. Retrieved from DOI: 10.1007/s10730-020-09431-7