DNP 815 Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project

Grand Canyon University DNP 815 Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project-Step-By-Step Guide

This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Grand Canyon University DNP 815 Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.

How to Research and Prepare for DNP 815 Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project                           

Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Grand Canyon University DNP 815 Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.

After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.

How to Write the Introduction for DNP 815 Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project                         

The introduction for the Grand Canyon University DNP 815 Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.

How to Write the Body for DNP 815 Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project                         

After the introduction, move into the main part of the DNP 815 Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.

Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.

How to Write the Conclusion for DNP 815 Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project                         

After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.

How to Format the References List for DNP 815 Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project                           

The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.

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Sample Answer for DNP 815 Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project

Re: Topic 2 DQ 2

For the DPI project the nursing theory selected is the Neuman’s nursing theory based on her systems model; and the specific model for the DPI application to practice is Kurt Lewin’s change theory. Per Butts & Rich (2018), a driving force pushes participants, in the case the hospital, toward change and this dynamic balance of forces that Lewin outlines as steps, apply to changing existing nursing practice. For example, the hospital acquired pressure injury (HAPI) rate is continuously not being met by the hospital despite all the resources and time they have thrown at this main problem. Lewin’s change theory can apply to this DPI by identifying the driving and restraining forces. Additionally, the stages to make change happen based on the intervention requires unfreezing, which is the act of destabilizing old behaviors, then to a stage of moving, and refreezing (Butts & Rich, 2018). There needs to be a culture change and use of new, evidenced-based interventions to drive the HAPI rate down and keep it down.

Lewin’s model includes three major concepts, or stages, that are forces within the organization that provides a basis for planned change. These include unfreezing, moving, and refreezing. The goal is to achieve affective change within an organization, and this is surroundings concepts such as driving forces and restraining forces. “Though Lewin only uses the labels unfreezing, moving, and freezing in three of his final publications, the origins of his three-step model can be found in his application of field theory to studying child psychology in the 1920s” (Burnes, 2020). For the change to be successful, the new quasi-stationary equilibrium has to be safe from regression (Burnes, 2020). A driving force facilitates movement into new direction, in this case for the DPI that new direction is a decreased HAPI rate to meet the organization’s goal to help improve patient care. An opposite force, the restraining force can block or impede progress toward the goal. This can come in many forms from an organizations’ culture to financial resources. It is important to note that change takes time, and it is a process. The purpose of this DPI is translational research but no matter what topic or intervention it will still produce a change to an organization and that is a delicate process. Understanding and applying Lewin’s change model to the process can help create a stabilization and equilibrium of positive results from the change to keep it in place and then that change can be assimilated into the organization.

Reference

Burnes, B. (2020). The origins of Lewin’s three-step model of change. Journal of Applied Behavioral

Science, 56(1), 32–59. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021886319892685

Butts, J., & Rich, K. (2018). Philosophies and theories for advanced nursing practice (3rd ed.) Jones & Bartlett.

Sample Answer 2 for DNP 815 Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project

The main reason Dorothea Orem introduced her theory was the desire to improve the quality of nursing in hospitals. In such a way, she offered a simple though effective paradigm assuming that there should be another perspective on the provision of care to patients that is focused on the necessity to create conditions beneficial for the emergence of the interest in self-care and engagement in similar activities that can help to avoid further complications and attain significant success (Orem, 2018). The importance of the given theory can be evidenced by the fact that it remains relevant to modern nursing and numerous specialists take it as the guide for their actions. Dorothea Orem’s self-care deficit theory addresses a wide variety of concepts. The theory basically, specifies when nurses are needed “the purpose of nursing is to help people meet their self-care needs.” Orem believes that nurses do for others what they cannot do for themselves (Hood, 2018). The theory consists of five key concepts: self-care, self-care deficit, self-care requisites, self-care demand, and agency. Orem’s theory of nursing has three parts that focus on a human being. The theory of self-care focuses on the individual, self-care deficit has a focal point of view of you and me, and the nursing system theory focuses on human beings and community. Orem’s theory basically puts the patient in charge of their initial care. Orem defines self-care as the “voluntary regulation of one’s own human functioning and development that is necessary for individuals to maintain life, health, and well-being” (Hood, 2018). As people mature, they adapt and learn to care for themselves.

Developmental state, age, and their overall health affects it also. Their family customs, culture, and society help determine individual self-care as well. Nurses are there to care for the individual when they are unable, and to teach them the skills to use to care for themselves correctly. The self-care requisites theory is concerned with the physical, personal, psychological, and social aspects of health. These are inseparable in humans and combine for a holistic approach. The ability to care for oneself is dependent upon air water and food, a balance between physical activity and rest, limitations having social interactions, and being a functional and developing human that can try to prevent hazardous issues. Therapeutic self-care demands require one to design, implement, and evaluate a plan. The nursing system is an interpersonal unity that is formed by nurses, people who are studying to be nurses, and the relatives of the people who need nurses. (Khatiban, Shirani, Oshvandi, Soltanian, & Ebrahimian, 2018). People that cannot or do not have enough skills or supplies to care for themselves are candidates for nursing care. Orem uses the traditional medical approaches but sets aside a unique spot for nurses in health care. This theory has been used to develop the framework for nursing departments that handle chronic and acute care. Orem’s emphasis that a nurse does for a patient what they can’t do for themselves and teaches them or their significant other the skills they need to care for themselves fits within the field of medicine. It can be used in the hospital as well as outpatient, rehabilitation, and any situation that requires a patient or caregiver to care for or identify any complications that may arise that require them to consult with the physician.

This theory applies to my values and nursing practice because it is the basis and sole reason for wanting to become a nurse. Speaking about Orem’s theory, its relevance to nursing homes from the universal character of the discussed concepts and patients’ demands. Today, the healthcare sector is focused on the creation of continuity of care, meaning that all individuals should be provided with assistance at different periods of their lives to minimize the development of undesired conditions and poor outcomes (Bagnasco et al., 2017). The given model also presupposes that there is a need for prophylactic, preliminary work, and special education for people to be able to monitor the state of their health. It coincides with the major Orem’s assumptions about the necessity of self-care activities as one of the factors guaranteeing positive results in populations and the decreased level of new problematic issues

References

Bagnasco, A., Watson, R., Zanini, M., Catania, G., Aleo, G., & Sasso, L. (2017). Developing a stoma acceptance questionnaire to improve motivation to adhere to enterostoma self-care. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, 58(2).

Hood, L. J. (2018). Leddy & Pepper’s professional nursing (9th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer

Khatiban, M., Shirani, F., Oshvandi, K., Soltanian, A., & Ebrahimian, R. (2018). Orem’s self-care model with trauma patients: A quasi-experimental study. Nursing Science Quarterly, 31(3), 272-278.

Orem, D. (2018). Nursing concepts of practice. St. Louis, MO: Mosby.

DNP 815 Topic 3 DQ 1 Sample Answer

Two middle range theorists that have added to the body of knowledge are Madeline M. Leninger and Nola J. Pender. Madeline M. Leninger developed the theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality and represented it in the sunrise model. Nola J. Pender developed the Health Promotion Model and focused on individuals’ interaction with their environment in pursuit of health. Leininger’s conceptual framework has been used to study the effects or impact of culture on health-related issues using concepts from nursing and anthropology (McFarland & Wehbe-Alamah, 2019). Pender’s Health Promotion model has been used as a framework for merging nursing and the behavioral science on determinants of individual’s behavior that impact or effect health. The theory is centered on modifying one’s way of life to improve their health and wellness. Both theories are wide in scope is holistic and have been used worldwide. For example, Leininger theory has been used in multiple ethnicity and diverse cultures around the world (McFarland & Wehbe-Alamah, 2019). It has been used on families, individuals, groups, communities and organizations. Pender’s Model of Health Promotion is multidimensional and may be used in various surroundings or environment also. The model has also been used in all settings where people traverse to attain health prevention. Both theories conceptual models are very useful in nursing practice to provide efficient and effective care to clients to improve health and have been used as the conceptual framework to guide research and studies. Both theories are well represented visually and graphically by their diagrams.  

Pender’s Health Promotion Model is simpler and understandable, hence parsimonious. On the contrary, Leininger’s Sunrise model is comprehensive and complex. Leininger’s theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality can be used in every area that is applicable to culture and care and applies to both individuals, groups, communities and organizations and is the only theory that focuses on culture (McFarland & Wehbe-Alamah, 2019). On the contrary Pender Health Promotion Model is limited with regards to use in cultural settings despite its diversity in groups and is more effective when applied to the individuals as they tend to be more responsible for their health (Khoshnood, Rayyani & Tirgari, 2020). Pender theory reflects a reciprocal interaction world view in which she believes that human beings can be viewed as comprehensive, universal and complete. Leininger theory presents a system perspective to the comprehension of culture. Leininger did not agree with the metaparadigms of nursing, however she still defined them within her theory (McFarland & Wehbe-Alamah, 2015). Pender’s Health Promotion Model did not clearly define the metaparadigms of nursing as they were all used interchangeable throughout the model. Pender health promotion model was derived from two theories of health behavior namely the expectancy value theory by Martin Fishbein and the social cognitive theory by Albert Bandura (Khoshnood, Rayyani & Tirgari, 2020) whereas Leininger theory of culture care universality and diversity was not borrowed from any other theory. Pender’s health promotion model concepts are very clear (Khoshnood, Rayyani & Tirgari, 2020). On the contrary, Leininger’s theory lack clarity in defining the major concepts and has incorporated many definitions to explain the theory. Leininger did not use the term operational definition. Instead, she used orientational definitions (McFarland & Wehbe-Alamah, 2019). On the contrary, Pender did not use any operational definition to explain concepts in her theory as most of the constructs used were clear and understandable. 

Leininger’s model has been used to guide research and work in collaboration with her theory. Leininger developed the ethno nursing research method which has been used in much research in various cultures (Alligood, 2018). There have been increased awareness to transcultural nursing and nurses have been using the model to participate in research regionally and internationally. This theory was used to research an ethnohistorical comparative view about care and caring among Taiwanese Americans. Nurses have been participating in workshops, conferences, seminars and continuing education to understand and become more culturally sensitive. On a global scale Leininger theory could be used to perform a study on the cultural experience of patient safety cultures in Arab territories. In this case culture would be appreciated from a different perspective (Elmontsri et al., 2017). In our setting, as nurse leader Leininger theory could be used to determined how nurse’s background influences their attitudes to work and the care they administer to their clients. Pender model has also been used in clinical settings, research and nursing education. Pender’s Health Promotion Model has been developed from research and has been used as the conceptual framework for numerous research on client from all age range (Khodaveisi et al.,2017). A scale name the health promoting lifestyle profile was initiated to determine aspects of health promoting behavior. The model has been used for research locally, regionally and internationally. There is also an adolescent lifestyle profile that was developed which shows that the model can be used on all age group. The model has been used in a study in Iran, observing the health behaviors of Iranian men, living in Tehran (Sanaati et al., 2021). Both theorists have added to the body of knowledge of nursing in practice and research. 

                            References   

Alligood, M.R. (2018). Nursing Theorists and Their Work. Elsevier.  

Elmontsri, M., Almashrafi, A., Banarsee, R., & Majeed, A. (2017). Status of patient safety culture in Arab countries: a systematic review. BMJ Open, 7(2), e013487. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013487 

Khodaveisi, M., PhD, Omidi, A., Ms, Farokhi, S., Ms, & Soltanian, A. R., PhD (2017). The Effect of Pender’s Health Promotion Model in Improving the Nutritional Behavior of Overweight and Obese Women. International journal of community-based nursing and midwifery, 5(2), 165–174. 

Khoshnood, Z., Rayyani, M., & Tirgari, B. (2020). Theory analysis for Pender’s health promotion model (HPM) by Barnum’s criteria: A critical perspective. International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health, 32(4) doi:https://doi.org/10.1515/ijamh-2017-0160 

McFarland, M. R., & Wehbe-Alamah, H. B. (2019). Leininger’s Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality: An Overview with a Historical Retrospective and a View Toward the Future. Journal Of Transcultural Nursing, 30(6), 540–557. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1177/1043659619867134 

McFarland, M. R., & Wehbe-Alamah, H. B. (2015). Leininger’s Culture Care Diversity and Universality: A Worldwide Nursing Theory. Jones & Bartlett Learning. 

Meleis, A.I. (2021). Situation Specific Theories: Development, Utilization, and Evaluation in Nursing. Springer International Publishing. 

Sanaati, F., Geranmayeh, M., Behboodi Moghadam, Z., Zareiyan, A., Samadaee Gelehkolaee, K., & Mirghafourvand, M. (2021). A population-based study of health-promoting behaviors and their predictors in Iranian males, 2019. Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique, 79(1), 23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-021-00543-1