HIST 405N Week 7 Discussion: American Foreign Policy during the Cold War

Chamberlain University HIST 405N Week 7 Discussion: American Foreign Policy during the Cold War– Step-By-Step Guide

This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Chamberlain University HIST 405N Week 7 Discussion: American Foreign Policy during the Cold War   assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.

How to Research and Prepare for HIST 405N Week 7 Discussion: American Foreign Policy during the Cold War              

Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Chamberlain University HIST 405N Week 7 Discussion: American Foreign Policy during the Cold War  depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.

After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.

How to Write the Introduction for HIST 405N Week 7 Discussion: American Foreign Policy during the Cold War              

The introduction for the Chamberlain University HIST 405N Week 7 Discussion: American Foreign Policy during the Cold War  is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.

How to Write the Body for HIST 405N Week 7 Discussion: American Foreign Policy during the Cold War              

After the introduction, move into the main part of the HIST 405N Week 7 Discussion: American Foreign Policy during the Cold War assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.

Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.

How to Write the Conclusion for HIST 405N Week 7 Discussion: American Foreign Policy during the Cold War              

After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.

How to Format the References List for HIST 405N Week 7 Discussion: American Foreign Policy during the Cold War              

The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.

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Sample Answer for HIST 405N Week 7 Discussion: American Foreign Policy during the Cold War

The Cold War is one of the major events of the postwar era. Keenan was the U.S. ambassador who warned the U.S. about the Soviet Unions totalitarian regime and that they were not willing to peacefully coexist with the the U.S. He suggested we try our best to contain soviet influence (Openstax 28.2). Keenan’s strategy was to contain Soviet power and communism with system of alliances and foreign aid. He was sure that, when pressured, Stalin would back down and had no true intentions of destroying the United States. Keenan’s ideas became the basis of Marshall Plan. It became clear to some, like Russian President Mikhail Gorbachev, that the Soviet Union could not sustain itself economically or militarily (2009, pg. 469). Though the American economy was doing great after WWII, the European economy was a different story. They were trying to rebuild factories and intrastructure and starvation was rampant. Communism was spreading with the promise of survival and stability. The U.S. passed The Marshall Plan which gave to European nations to rebuild in hopes that they would choose freedom and unity over communism. The Soviet Union refused to accept aid from the Marshall Plan even though it could have used it, regarding it as a form of bribery (Openstax 28.2). The Soviet Unions hatred of the U.S. and democracy soon boiled into the Cold War. Reagan was so concerned for Americans safety that he proposed the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) or “Star Wars,”. This called for the development of a defensive shield to protect the United States from a Soviet missile strike. Unfortunately the science did not exist yet and there was fear that it would violate existing treaties with the Soviet Union anyway.

References:

OpenStax. (2019). U.S. history. OpenStax CNX. Retrieved from https://cnx.org/contents/p7ovulkl@6.18:gMXC1GEM@7/IntroductionLinks to an external site.

Schultz, K. M. (2009). HIST: Volume 1: U.S. History through 1877.  Wadsworth Publishing.

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Sample Answer 2 for HIST 405N Week 7 Discussion: American Foreign Policy during the Cold War

By 1947, The U.S. had developed a clear policy of containment toward the Soviet Union, striving to prevent the spread of Communism through economic, diplomatic, and military measures. The United States pursued a geopolitical strategic policy (containment) in order to check the expansionist policy of the Soviet Union.it is loosely related to the term cordon sanitaire which was later used to describe the geopolitical containment of the Soviet Union in the 1940’s. The strategy of “containment” is best known as a Cold War foreign policy of the United states and its allies to prevent the spread of communism after the end of World War II. The U.S. diplomat George F. Kennan, wrote an anonymous article in July 1947 issue of Foreign Affairs that the United States should pursue a Long-term, patient but firm and vigilant containment of Russian expansive tendencies in the hope that the regime would mellow or collapse. The policy was implemented in the Truman Doctrine of 1947, which guaranteed immediate economic and military aid to Greece and Turkey, and the middle Eastern countries resisting communist aggression (OpenStax. (2019).

The Politics of the Marshall Plan (officially the European Recovery Program, ERP) was the American initiative to aid Europe, in which the United States gave economic support to help rebuild European destroyed economies. It aimed to feed the people, after the end of World War II in order to prevent the spread of Soviet Communism. He secretary of state believed that the stability of European governments depended on the economic stability of the people. Europe needed to rebuild transportation hubs, roads, agriculture, factories, and cities that suffered major losses during the long war. The United States was the only major power that had not suffered damage during the war. It made sense that America step in to help rebuild (OpenStax. (2019).

Marshall saw communism as a threat to European stability. The Soviet Union’s sphere of influence increased during World War II, and tensions between Eastern and Western Europe intensified. The Soviet Union believed that the Marshall Plan was a way to meddle in the internal affairs of European countries. That belief prevented Soviet satellite countries, such as Poland and Czechoslovakia from accepting assistance from the United States. It also caused, at least in part, the Soviet unions’ economy to be significantly outpaced by those of western Europe and the U.S. Marshall earned the Nobel Peace prize in 1953 for his efforts, but the lasting effects of the plan went well into the future (Spalding, Elizabeth Edwards).

The reliance on American aid opened up trading avenue between Europe and the United States. Without American intervention, Europe’s vast network of railroads, highways, and airports would not exist in contemporary society.

In response to the Soviet blockade of land routes into West Berlin, the United States begins a massive airlift of food, water, and medicine to the citizens of the besieged city. For nearly a year, supplies from American planes sustained the over 2 million people in West Berlin.

On June 24, 1948, the Soviet Union blocked all road and rail travel to and from West berlin, which was located within the Soviet Zone of occupation in Germany. The Soviet zone of occupation in Germany. The Soviet action was in response to the refusal of American and British officials to allow Russia more say in the economic future of Germany. The U.S. Government was shocked by the provocative Soviet move, and some in president Harry S. Truman’s administration called for a direct military response. Truman, however, did not want to cause World War III. Instead, he ordered a massive airlift planes took off from bases in England and Western Germany and landed in West Berlin (Spalding, Elizabeth Edwards). It was a daunting logistical task to provide food, clothing, water, medicine, and other necessities of life for the over 2 million fearful citizens of the city. By the time the Soviets ended the blockade, west Germany had become a separate and independent nation and the Russian failure was complete.

References

U.S. history. OpenStax CNX. Retrieved from https://cnx.org/contents/p7ovulkl@6.18:gMXC1GEM@7/IntroductionLinks to an external site.

Spalding, Elizabeth Edwards. “The First Cold Warrior: Harry Truman, Containment, and the Remaking of Liberal Internationalism.” Amazon, Univ. Press of Kentucky, 2007, http://www.amazon.com/First-Cold-Warrior-Containment-Internationalism/dp/0813171288. 

Sample Answer 3 for HIST 405N Week 7 Discussion: American Foreign Policy during the Cold War

I chose the Marshall Plan, Vietnam (conflict) War, and Camp David Accords for this week’s discussion. The period after World War II was known as the Cold War. As we learned from our text, the Cold War was not a physical militant fight. Rather it involved other weapons; espionage and surveillance, political assassinations, propaganda, and the formation of alliances with other nations (OpenStax, 2019). During this era many policies were written in an effort to aid European Countries and establish a better economy.

The Marshall Plan, also known as the European Recovery Program, was composed in 1948 and terminated in 1951 (OpenStax). The purpose of this plan was to assist the European countries that had been devastated during World War II. It helped to resurrect cities, and industries as well as encourage trade agreements between their neighbors. As a result of this, the United States were able to foster commerce between us and them again (History). Even though this plan did not last for many years, it did forge a new beginning to the growth and healing process for the European countries.

The Vietnam conflict War was an effort implemented under the direction of Kennedy to supply money and military advisors to South Vietnam (OpenStax). It was to help the South Vietnamese fight off the communist forces from the North. Even though a war did erupt between the North and South Vietnams, which the United States did participate in, and the South lost. The country did unify as a Socialist Republic in the end (History).

As for the Camp David Accords, under the direction of President Jimmy Carter it was a summit between Israel and Egypt in an effort to bring about peace in the middle east. This summit took place in the mountains in Maryland at the Presidential retreat, Camp David, how they derived to a name. It took 12 days of intense talks to hammer a dual peace treaty that would benefit the world (History). As a result of this treaty, it ended a brutal war that had been going on since 1948. Both Sadat (Egypt’s President) and Begin (Prime Minister of Israel) were jointly awarded the Noble Peace Prize (History).

History. (2020). A&E Television. Camp David Accords signed. http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/camp-david-accords-signed

History. (2020). A&E Television. Marshal Plan. http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/marshall-plan

History. (2020). A&E Television. Vietnam War. http://www.history.com/topics/vietnam-war/vietnam-war-history

OpenStax. (2019). U.S. history. OpenStax CNX. Retrieved from https://cnx.org/contents/p7ovulkl@6.18:gMXC1GEM@7/IntroductionLinks to an external site.Links to an external site.

Sample Answer 4 for HIST 405N Week 7 Discussion: American Foreign Policy during the Cold War

From the war, Europe was suffering.  A lot of rebuilding needed to be done and many were starving.  According to our textbook, as a result of these conditions, Communism was entering Italy and France.  These concerns led to the European Recovery Program, also known as the Marshall Plan.  The program gave aid to the European nations.  The Marshall Plan encouraged the European countries to work together and initiate unity, while trying to prevent communism from spreading (U.S. History, n.d.). 

George Kennan, the State Department official stationed at the U.S. embassy in Moscow, advised that the best way to thwart communist plans for the world was to contain these influences to places where it already existed and prevent the expansion into new areas, and this became known as containment (U.S. History, n.d.).  The American containment then became called the domino theory.  This was to prevent neighbors to communist nations from succumbing to the same dangerous and infectious ideologies (U.S. History, n.d.).     

The Cold War was a time of political animosity and military tension between the U.S. and the Soviet Union.  This was displayed through propaganda, subversion and threats.  The safety of the United States was a concern and the Strategic Defense Initiative or “Star Wars” was developed to protect the United States from a Soviet missile strike (U.S. History, n.d.).  During the Cold War, most of the scientists and engineers were not employed in university departments, but in industry and national labs (Westwick, 2010).  Some of those in industry were involved in weapon work, while others supported national strength through the economy (Westwick, 2010).      

References

U.S. History (n.d.). Retrieved from https://openstax.org/books/us-history/pages/31-3-a-new-world-orderLinks to an external site.

U.S. History (n.d.). Retrieved from https://openstax.org/books/us-history/pages/28-2-the-cold-warLinks to an external site.

U.S. History (n.d.). Retrieved from https://openstax.org/books/us-history/pages/28-2-the-cold-warLinks to an external site.

Westwick, P. (2010). The International History of the Strategic Defense Initiative: American Influence and Economic Competition in the Late Cold War. Centaurus. 52(4), p. 338-351.