HLT 362 Provide an example of experimental, quasi-experimental, and nonexperimental research from the GCU Library and explain how each research type differs from the others

Grand Canyon University HLT 362 Provide an example of experimental, quasi-experimental, and nonexperimental research from the GCU Library and explain how each research type differs from the others-Step-By-Step Guide

This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Grand Canyon University HLT 362 Provide an example of experimental, quasi-experimental, and nonexperimental research from the GCU Library and explain how each research type differs from the others assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.

How to Research and Prepare for HLT 362 Provide an example of experimental, quasi-experimental, and nonexperimental research from the GCU Library and explain how each research type differs from the others                            

Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Grand Canyon University HLT 362 Provide an example of experimental, quasi-experimental, and nonexperimental research from the GCU Library and explain how each research type differs from the others  depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.

After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.

How to Write the Introduction for HLT 362 Provide an example of experimental, quasi-experimental, and nonexperimental research from the GCU Library and explain how each research type differs from the others                          

The introduction for the Grand Canyon University HLT 362 Provide an example of experimental, quasi-experimental, and nonexperimental research from the GCU Library and explain how each research type differs from the others  is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.

How to Write the Body for HLT 362 Provide an example of experimental, quasi-experimental, and nonexperimental research from the GCU Library and explain how each research type differs from the others                          

After the introduction, move into the main part of the HLT 362 Provide an example of experimental, quasi-experimental, and nonexperimental research from the GCU Library and explain how each research type differs from the others  assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.

Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.

How to Write the Conclusion for HLT 362 Provide an example of experimental, quasi-experimental, and nonexperimental research from the GCU Library and explain how each research type differs from the others                          

After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.

How to Format the References List for HLT 362 Provide an example of experimental, quasi-experimental, and nonexperimental research from the GCU Library and explain how each research type differs from the others                            

The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.

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Sample Answer for HLT 362 Provide an example of experimental, quasi-experimental, and nonexperimental research from the GCU Library and explain how each research type differs from the others

Re: Topic 4 DQ 1

Experimental Research: Lu et al. (2022) conducted experimental research. “The study aims to investigate the application and effects of nurse-provided procedural sedation and analgesia for patients in intensive care unit” (Lu et al., 2022). Methods. The experimental group consisted of 354 heart surgery patients who received procedural sedation and analgesia from nurses from November 2020 to August 2021(Lu et al., 2022). The control group consisted of 301 patients who had had heart surgery and received the traditional sedation management program from January to October 2020 (Lu et al., 2022). When conducting an experimental research study, the researcher sets up the study to evaluate an experimental drug, treatment, or intervention (June Helbig & Jayme Ambrose, 2022). This type of research is called a randomized control trial (RCT). During the trial, some of the patients receive the experimental drug, treatment, or procedure, while others do not (June Helbig & Jayme Ambrose, 2022).

Quasi-experimental Research: Oamen et al. (2021) conducted a quasi-experimental intervention study using a pre-test/post-test design to measure critical care nurses’ knowledge of ventilator liberation of adult patients in intensive care units. “A quasi-experimental study does not use any form of randomization but looks for a causal relationship between receiving a treatment and not receiving a treatment”(June Helbig & Jayme Ambrose, 2022).

Nonexperimental Research: Ramlaul et al. (2021) conducted nonexperimental research. “To investigate how intensive care nurses respond to clinical alarms for patient safety in a selected hospital in KwaZulu-Natal Province, SA. Methods” (Ramlaul et al., 2021). “A descriptive, non-experimental research design using the census sampling strategy was used to invite 120 nurses from four ICUs to complete an adapted, structured questionnaire” (Ramlaul et al., 2021). Nonexperimental research is not like a quasi-experimental design study or randomized control trial because there is nothing new introduced in the design of the study (June Helbig & Jayme Ambrose, 2022).

References:

Lu, R., Song, H., Wang, L., Xiong, H., Chen, Z., Liu, X., Wang, S., Xie, C., & Jia, P. (2022). The Application of the Nurse-Led Sedation and Analgesia Management in ICU after Heart Surgeries. Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine (ECAM), 1–6. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1155/2022/7706172

Oamen BR, Jordan P, Ham-Baloyi W ten, Zamokwakhe Hlungwane E. Liberation from Ventilation: An Intervention Study in Public Adult Intensive Care Units in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Africa Journal of Nursing & Midwifery. 2021;23(1):1-18. doi:10.25159/2520-5293/7887

June Helbig & Jayme Ambrose. (2022). Applied Statistics for Health Care. Grand Canyon University (Ed.). (2022). Applied statistics for health care (2nd ed.).

Ramlaul, A., Chironda, G., & Brysiewicz, P. (2021). Alarms in the ICU: A study investigating how ICU nurses respond to clinical alarms for patient safety in a selected hospital in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. Southern African Journal of Critical Care, 37(2), 57–62. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.7196/SAJCC.2021.v37i2.469

Sample Answer 2 for HLT 362 Provide an example of experimental, quasi-experimental, and nonexperimental research from the GCU Library and explain how each research type differs from the others

Experimental research refers to research with two sets of variables where one variable is given treatment while the other is not given treatment or acts as a control experiment. The main aim of the experimental research is to find out the difference between two sets of data. An example of experimental research is testing of the effectiveness of the drug using mice (Triola, 2011). Experimental research makes use of randomization to prevent bias (David, n.d.). The independent variable in the experimental research is the one that will be manipulated.

Quasi experiment is research that aims to explain cause and effect, but unlike experimental research, it does not use randomization. It intends to find out the effect of receiving treatment and the impact of not receiving treatment. The internal validity in quasi experimental research might be reduced by extraneous variables. This is because the sample with similar characteristics is chosen (Helbig, n.d.). Notably, the research design, unlike experimental research, does not consider extraneous variables when designing the researcher. The extraneous variables are not evident during the design process and are responsible for reducing the internal validity (Helbig, n.d.). The commonly used design is quasi experimental research is pretest-posttest design. Pretest-posttest design entails examining the participants prior to treatment and evaluating the experiment after the treatment. Another type of quasi experimental research is a historical comparative research design where historical group data are used to control for the experiment (Helbig, n.d.). Example of quasi experimental research examining the number of patients in Intensive Care Unit that developed pressure ulcers.

Nonexperimental research, on the other hand, is research that looks into the relationship between variables. Unlike quasi and experimental research, nothing new is introduced into the research (Helbig, n.d.). Notably, no new treatment, procedure and medication are introduced. It finds out the relationship that exists between the variables naturally. The study to find the relationship can be simple, comparative, longitudinal, or cross-sectional (Helbig, n.d.). An example of the non-experimental research is the study of the most common diagnosis.

Reference:

David M. Lane. (n.d.). Experimental designs. Onlinestatbook. https://onlinestatbook.com/2/research_design/designs.html

Helbig June. (n.d). Statistical Analysis. lc.gcumedia.com. https://www.gcumedia.com/digital-resources/grand-canyon-university/2018/applied-statistics-for-health-care_1e.php

Triola. (2011). Experiment. The Visual Learner. https://lc.gcumedia.com/hlt362v/the-visual-learner/experiment.html

Sample Answer 3 for HLT 362 Provide an example of experimental, quasi-experimental, and nonexperimental research from the GCU Library and explain how each research type differs from the others

Experimental Research: Bagarić et al. (2022) conducted an experimental research study to investigate the nocebo effect. This type of research involves manipulating a variable (in this case, expectations regarding potential side effects of a treatment) to assess its effect on another variable (in this case, the experience of side effects). Experimental research is distinguished from other types of research by its manipulation of the independent variable and its use of random assignment to groups.

Quasi-Experimental Research: Zhang et al. (2023) conducted a quasi-experimental research study to investigate the impact of distance education on nursing students’ course performance during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Quasi-experimental research is similar to experimental research in that it involves manipulation of an independent variable. However, quasi-experimental research does not involve random assignment to groups, which makes it less rigorous than experimental research.

Nonexperimental Research: Kippenbrock et al. (2022) conducted a nonexperimental research study to investigate job satisfaction among nursing faculty in Canada and the United States. Nonexperimental research does not involve manipulation of a variable or random assignment to groups, and instead relies on existing data or information to draw conclusions.

Each type of research is different from another. Experimental research is a type of study in which the researcher has full control over the variables, manipulating them in a controlled environment to test a hypothesis or determine cause and effect. Quasi-experimental research is similar to experimental research but lacks the control of the variables.

In this type of research, the researcher cannot control the environment or the variables, instead relying on natural occurrences to observe cause and effect. Non-experimental research is often conducted through surveys and interviews and does not involve manipulating any variables. This type of research focuses on describing the current behavior of a population or group rather than determining cause and effect.

References

Bagarić, B., Jokić-Begić, N., & Sangster Jokić, C. (2022). The Nocebo Effect: A Review of Contemporary Experimental Research. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 29(3), 255–265. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1007/s12529-021-10016-y

Zhang, Y., Zhang, N., Liu, H., Kan, Y., & Zou, Y. (2023). The impact of distance education on nursing students course performance in a sino-foreign cooperative program during the onset of COVID-19: a quasi-experimental study. BMC Nursing, 22(1), 1–9. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1186/s12912-022-01136-1

Kippenbrock, T., Rosen, C. C., & Emory, J. (2022). Job Satisfaction Among Nursing Faculty in Canada and the United States. Journal of Nursing Education, 61(11), 617–623. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.3928/01484834-20220912-03

HLT 362 TOPIC 4 DQ 2 Sample Answer

Quality Improvement projects work to make the system better, more cost-effective, increase productivity, and create continual gains in an identified process. The QI project is directed to specific processes or practice within the organization and is intended to advance the operation of the system in the organizational environment. Because of the nature of QI studies, participant protections are more easily addressed. QI investigators in health care frequently collect primary data from volunteer participants using anonymous surveys. QI project teams stringently adhere to confidentiality of patient data. QI projects examine internal processes and work to generate solutions to process problems, the new knowledge generated is specific to that organization or system and not generalizable. QI projects have a limited audience. The project results are intended for individuals internal to the organization rather than the scientific community at large. 

The hallmark of research is the process of generating new scientific knowledge. Whether the research has a quantitative or qualitative focus, it is characterized by a design to test a hypothesis or expand current knowledge. The products of research are focused in a way as to generalize to other similar patients and settings so the results are expected to be presented, published, or otherwise disseminated to consumers or the scientific community. The design of the research includes a scientific framework and control of variables. Due to its benefits and risks inherent in research, proposals must be reviewed by an institutional review board (IRB) and approved before research begins. 

QI provides steps to assess, plan, implement change, and evaluate results connected to an organizational process, which reflects an internal organizational concern. Research, on the other hand, is focused on gaining new knowledge, within a scientific framework (Reinhardt & Ray, 2020). 

Examples of potential nursing research include conducting a systematic review of studies on preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI), a randomized controlled trial exploring new wound care methods, and a qualitative study to investigate the lived experiences of patients with a specific chronic disease (Conner, 2019). 

One example of qualitative research is patient satisfaction surveys as these include collecting data on nurse-doctor communication, nurse-patient communication, and pain management through survey questions. Throughout all of the hospitals I have worked, care is adjusted based on the survey results as the data collected supports quality measures reported to CMS. For example, the AIDET Model (Acknowledge, Introduce, Duration, Explanation, Thank) was roled out to address patient and family frustration with “not being kept in the loop on patient care issues”. Using AIDET increased patient and family satisfaction toward what was happening in the patients care and allowed the patient and family a voice in that care. 

An example of quantitative research would be the data collected regarding operating room turnover times. This data is collected in minutes from the EMR and used to help evaluate operating room efficiency. This research is a part of almost every large operating room today. Collection of this data helps the OR and hospital to increase efficiency in procedural areas to improve patient, staff, and physician satisfaction as well as the bottom line of hospital revenues. 

References: 

Conner, B. T. (2019). Differentiating research, evidence-based practice, and quality improvement. American Nurse Today, 9,6. https://www.americannursetoday.com/differentiating-research-evidence-based-practice-and-quality-improvement/ 

Reinhardt, A. C. & Ray, L. N. (2020). Differentiating quality improvement from research. Elsevier Science. https://www.memorialcare.org/sites/default/files/media/JoyGoebelResearchorQIMay2014.pdf