NHS FPX 4000 Assessment 2 Applying Research Skills: Medication Errors

Capella University NHS FPX 4000 Assessment 2 Applying Research Skills: Medication Errors – Step-By-Step Guide

This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Capella University  NHS FPX 4000 Assessment 2 Applying Research Skills: Medication Errors  assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.

How to Research and Prepare for NHS FPX 4000 Assessment 2 Applying Research Skills: Medication Errors 

Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Capella University  NHS FPX 4000 Assessment 2 Applying Research Skills: Medication Errors   depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.

After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.

How to Write the Introduction for  NHS FPX 4000 Assessment 2 Applying Research Skills: Medication Errors  

The introduction for the Capella University  NHS FPX 4000 Assessment 2 Applying Research Skills: Medication Errors   is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.

How to Write the Body for  NHS FPX 4000 Assessment 2 Applying Research Skills: Medication Errors 

After the introduction, move into the main part of the  NHS FPX 4000 Assessment 2 Applying Research Skills: Medication Errors   assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.

Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.

How to Write the Conclusion for  NHS FPX 4000 Assessment 2 Applying Research Skills: Medication Errors  

After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.

How to Format the References List for  NHS FPX 4000 Assessment 2 Applying Research Skills: Medication Errors  

The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.

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Sample Answer for NHS FPX 4000 Assessment 2 Applying Research Skills: Medication Errors

There has been rising concern about numerous infections affecting the population negatively and the increasing cost of treatment in the recent past. The need to develop better treatment methods and reduce the cost of treatment has been drawing the attention of most stakeholders on the matter. The engagement of these stakeholders aims not only to solve healthcare problems but also to apply the recent technological solutions to mitigate these problems. One of the issues is medication errors which have been known to impact patients negatively and give undesirable results. Ensuring the reduction of medication errors is essential in meeting better health outcomes.

As an RN nurse, I have the role of offering quality care to patients and leading healthcare promotions that promotes quality of life within the population. I am directly involved in direct care of patients, implying that medication errors affect my work directly. The error in my nursing unit can result in loss of life. For example, a colleague was in a hurry to give medication to a patient using the automated drug cabinet. She typed two letters (VE) and searched. She took the first drug on the list and gave it to a patient. It turned out that the nurses gave Versed drug instead of Vecuronium, resulting in adverse impact. This incident helped me understand how fatal medication errors can be in a clinic. I developed a keen interest in checking and confirming medications before administration to limit the chances of medication errors that would affect patient safety.

Identifying Academic Peer-Reviewed Journal Articles

I could access various articles related to my topic of interest by using an online search of relevant articles within the University Library database. ProQuest and PubMed central are examples of databases I used in my search. I used keywords such as “medication errors” and “patient safety” in searching for relevant articles. In the advanced search options, I limited my search to peer-reviewed journals in nursing and medicine. The articles published in the last five years were the publication range that also assisted in selecting the articles.

Assessing Credibility and Relevance of Information Sources

To ensure the credibility of my articles, I selected journal articles published within the last five years. I ensured that the sources were authored by professionals who have been in the medical field for many years. To ensure the authors’ fame, I conducted a minor search online to prove various journals they authored in the past.

In ensuring that the selected sources contained the relevant information on my topic of interest, I confirmed whether they bore actual facts about medication errors and the dependent and independent variables they compared in their studies. I also confirmed if each piece of information in the article defined a clear purpose and contained information on medication errors.

Annotated Bibliography

Billstein-Leber, M., Carrillo, C. J. D., Cassano, A. T., Moline, K., & Robertson, J. J. (2018). ASHP guidelines on preventing medication errors in hospitals. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, 75(19), 1493-1517. DOI 10.2146/ajhp170811

This article highlights ways of preventing medication errors in hospitals. The main goal of this study is to achieve a defined therapeutic outcome that aims to improve patient safety and quality of life by minimizing patient risk. The authors comment that blaming individual healthcare professionals for medication errors or passively encouraging these professionals to be keen might not be effective in preventing errors. This is because such measures do not change the underlying factors contributing to medication errors. Again, the study reveals that the healthcare system cannot solve the problem of medication errors, but they can ensure they reduce such errors. Reducing medication errors in healthcare is a positive outcome because humans are prone to mistakes. They believe that participating in multidisciplinary committees and taking an active role in evaluating and monitoring medication use improves the system to ensure a safe medication process. Therefore, this article is relevant in discussing medication errors as it examines various ways that healthcare professionals would use to reduce instances of medication errors in the healthcare system.

Di Simone, E., Giannetta, N., Auddino, F., Cicotto, A., Grilli, D., & Di Muzio, M. (2018). Medication errors in the emergency department: knowledge, attitude, behavior, and training needs of nurses. Indian journal of critical care medicine: peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine, 22(5), 346. https://doi.org/10.4103%2Fijccm.IJCCM_63_18.

This article authored by Di Simone et al. (2018) aimed to describe the elements of nurse knowledge, behavior, training needs, and attitude in preventing medication errors in emergency units. The study samples 103 nurses from a university hospital in Rome, where they were subjected to a questionnaire made up of 43 items. The authors believed that patient safety is a primary concern in the emergency units, and nurses are directly responsible or play a major role in meeting patient safety obligations. Therefore, investing in the nurses through training and well-being would significantly affect medication errors. The analysis of the data collected in this study showed that knowledge, positive attitudes, and correct behavior is related to the administration and preparation of IV medications. Therefore, increasing training on nurses in the emergency units reduces medication errors and improves patient safety. This article is relevant to this study as it explains how the nurses’ behavior, attitude, and training needs aid in reducing medication errors in emergency units.

Glasgow, M. E. S., Colbert, A., Viator, J., & Cavanagh, S. (2018). The nurse‐engineer: A new role to improve nurse technology interface and patient care device innovations. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 50(6), 601-611. https://doi.org/10.1111/jnu.12431

This article focuses on the role of technology in mitigating the risk of medication errors. The authors comment that eliminating human errors is impossible. However, by applying modern nurse technology, hospitals could reduce these errors by a wide margin. The authors of this article found out that maximizing innovative programs and implementing creative solutions increases nurses’ skills, enabling them to devise better ways of eliminating risks. The use of robots, patient care devices, and computer simulations are effective tools that modern-day nurses should use to eradicate medication errors. This article is significant in this study as it explains the impact of modern technology in approaching issues in healthcare, such as medication errors.

Manias, E., Cranswick, N., Newall, F., Rosenfeld, E., Weiner, C., Williams, A., … & Kinney, S. (2019). Medication error trends and effects of person‐related, environment‐related, and communication‐related factors on medication errors in a pediatric hospital. Journal of Pediatrics and Child Health, 55(3), 320-326. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpc.14193.

This article discusses the reported medication error trends in Australian pediatric hospitals over five years. Again, it determines the effect of the person-related environment and communication-related factors on the severity of medication outcomes. The study found that 3340 medication errors were reported within the five years. They also found that the common patient outcome related to the errors require monitoring and intervention to ensure no harm occurs. Thus, the authors concluded the study by commenting that involving the child and the family, facilitating hospital redesign, and improving communication could significantly reduce medication errors in pediatric hospitals.

Learnings from the Research

The search has enabled me to gather impact facts and rate scholars’ opinions on medication errors. Scanning these peer-reviewed journal articles helped me to point out the main information on how reducing medication errors has reduced patient safety and quality of life. This research has enriched my knowledge on the role of nurses in mitigating medication errors. Besides, the readings from Di Simone et al. (2018) have made me understand that a nurse’s behavior and attitude impact medication errors. Therefore, by developing this annotated bibliography, I have been able to compare the opinions of various scholars on ways of mitigating medication errors. This bibliography would make it easier to develop a strong argument when writing a paper on medication errors.

References

Billstein-Leber, M., Carrillo, C. J. D., Cassano, A. T., Moline, K., & Robertson, J. J. (2018). ASHP guidelines on preventing medication errors in hospitals. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, 75(19), 1493-1517. DOI 10.2146/ajhp170811

Di Simone, E., Giannetta, N., Auddino, F., Cicotto, A., Grilli, D., & Di Muzio, M. (2018). Medication errors in the emergency department: knowledge, attitude, behavior, and training needs of nurses. Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine: Peer-Reviewed, Official Publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine, 22(5), 346. https://doi.org/10.4103%2Fijccm.IJCCM_63_18.

Glasgow, M. E. S., Colbert, A., Viator, J., & Cavanagh, S. (2018). The nurse‐engineer: A new role to improve nurse technology interface and patient care device innovations. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 50(6), 601-611. https://doi.org/10.1111/jnu.12431

Manias, E., Cranswick, N., Newall, F., Rosenfeld, E., Weiner, C., Williams, A., … & Kinney, S. (2019). Medication error trends and effects of person‐related, environment‐related, and communication‐related factors on medication errors in a pediatric hospital. Journal of Pediatrics and Child Health, 55(3), 320-326. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpc.14193.

Sample Answer 2 for NHS FPX 4000 Assessment 2 Applying Research Skills: Medication Errors

Healthcare providers deal with a host of issues or problems that implore them to get the most effective ways to address them, especially through research evidence. This issue implies that they must nurture library research skills to gather evidence on these issues. From medication errors to health disparities, nurses gather evidence-based practice (EBP) interventions through research to enhance quality and patient safety. Medication errors are some of the health problems that impact patient safety. According to MacDowell et al. (2021), medication errors characterize some of the adverse events that impact the quality of care and patient safety. Medication errors are considered as the failure to adhere to one of the five “rights of the medication administration process. These include the right patient, medication, time, dose, and route. The purpose of this paper is to offer an annotated bibliography on medication errors as one of the issues or problems that nurses encounter in the provision of care.

Overview of Medication Errors

Medication errors are a serious patient safety concern in healthcare in general and nursing. Medication errors cause adverse events and increased cost of care. These errors occur at any phase of the medication process and can lead to harmful effects. My interest in this topic stems from wanting to enhance patient safety and outcomes. I believe all medication errors are 100% preventable therefore the overall goal would be to prevent errors from occurring in the first place. As a nurse, experiencing these errors can have devastating effects on one’s psychology and overall patient outcomes. Nurses must attain evidence-based practice interventions to reduce or tackle these aspects of care provision. Proper education and training on the medication process, effective communication among nurses, especially during the handover of shifts, and collaboration are evidence-based approaches to reducing and preventing the occurrence of medication errors in any setting.

Identification of Academic Peer-Reviewed Journal Articles

I narrowed my search to peer-reviewed journal articles using a search engine in the Capella University Library database to find articles on this topic. I also used databases such PubMed, Google Scholar, and Medline to find supported documentation. Using a combination of keywords and specific terms related to medication errors assisted me in gathering the supporting information I needed. I used keywords and terms to get sources that are current and peer-reviewed. Current sources are those published within the last five years and focus on the selected topic or healthcare issues. Keywords included medication errors, patient safety, and prescribing routine as well as adverse events associated with medication administration.

Assessment of the Credibility and Relevance of the Information Sources

To establish the credibility of the sources, it is essential to use the CRAAP model which implies having current, relevant, authoritative, accurate, and purposeful articles. As such, the selected articles were within five years and focused on different aspects of medication errors. The articles were also relevant to the selected topic and accurate in their analysis. More fundamentally, the articles demonstrated a clear purpose and facts based on the research process and components.

Annotated Bibliography

Al Meslamani, A. Z. (2023). Medication errors during a pandemic: What have we learned?

Expert Opinion on Drug Safety, 0(0), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1080/14740338.2023.2181954

In this study, the researcher focuses on medication errors during the COVID-19 pandemic and the lessons that healthcare workers/ providers can get. The article highlights the challenges that healthcare providers encountered in their efforts to manage medication errors and the factors contributing to the scenario. The author presents evidence-based strategies implemented to prevent the occurrence and prevalence of these errors. In its conclusion, the article is emphatic that the pandemic provided healthcare workers a chance to reflect on practice and implement interventions to enhance patient safety. The article is important to nursing practice and medication safety because it gives detailed information for healthcare workers to revamp the medication administration process. The article emphasizes the need for nurses to use evidence-based practice interventions to reduce medication errors in their practice settings.

Salar, A., Kiani, F., & Rezaee, N. (2020). Preventing the medication errors in Hospitals: A

qualitative study. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences, 13, 100235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijans.2020.100235

In this article, the researcher categorical that medication errors are a safety risk aspect that leads to unpleasant patient outcomes. Therefore, the study focuses on the identification of medication prevention approaches in hospital wards in Iran. Using a qualitative content analysis approach, the researchers found that to prevent medication errors, providers must act professionally and implement technical strategies. The study concludes that acting professionally and having effective system controls are essential to preventing and detecting medication errors. The article is significant to nursing practice as it illustrates the critical role nurses play in preventing and reducing their occurrence. The authors are categorical in their conclusion that medication errors impact the quality of care and should be prevented through a collaborative approach.

Alrabadi, N., Shawagfeh, S., Haddad, R., Mukattash, T., Abuhammad, S., Al-rabadi, D., …

& Al-Faouri, I. (2021). Medication errors: a focus on nursing practice. Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research, 12(1), 78-86. https://doi.org/10.1093/jphsr/rmaa025

In this article, the researchers carried out a concept analysis of medication errors and their impact on nursing practice. The authors classified the types, and outcomes of medication errors, the role of the reporting process, and the strategies to avoid and prevent their occurrence. The summary emphasizes the need to increase awareness about the errors and develop effective strategies not just to deal with their occurrence but also to prevent them. The article is relevant to nursing practice as it is emphatic that getting effective solutions reduces medication error occurrence in healthcare settings. The article concludes that having effective reporting policies in organizations can reduce medication errors.

Bowdle, T. A., Jelacic, S., Webster, C. S., & Merry, A. F. (2023). Take action now to

prevent medication errors: Lessons from a fatal error involving an automated dispensing cabinet. British Journal of Anesthesia, 130(1), 14–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2022.09.017

In this source, the authors explore the significance of prompt measures to prevent medication errors in healthcare settings. The article gives an example of a fatal medication error involving the usage of an automated dispensing cabinet. The authors give examples of factors that contribute to errors like systemic issues and highlight the importance of medication and patient safety measures. The authors recommend the implementation of evidence-based practice that includes double-checking and better communication among providers to lower medication errors. The article is essential to nurses involved in the medication administration process. The authors also discuss the potential harm associated with medication errors.

For instance, double-checking medication orders and prescriptions and better communication can reduce such errors. The article is meaningful to the medication process and identifies possible negative effects of medication errors. It stresses the importance of prompt measures to prevent these errors. The article concludes that nurses should follow established protocols to reduce medication errors in their facilities.

Lessons from the Research and Conclusion

The broad research on medication errors involved scrutiny of peer-reviewed academic articles for enough relevant information. Through this research, nurses can learn the critical need for patient safety and improve the overall care delivery process. The annotation offers immense information that one can use to expand their strategies to deal with medication errors and improve patient safety. Conclusively, medication errors constitute a critical concern for healthcare providers in diverse care settings. As such, providers must develop effective interventions to prevent and reduce their occurrence to improve patient safety and quality of care. These sources will contribute to the review of literature on the topic as well as enhance the application of suggested evidence-based approaches on the issue. These sources enhance my understanding and knowledge on the topic as they offer in-depth evidence and suggest its application in healthcare settings to reduce medication errors.

References

Alrabadi, N., Shawagfeh, S., Haddad, R., Mukattash, T., Abuhammad, S., Al-rabadi, D., … & Al-

Faouri, I. (2021). Medication errors: a focus on nursing practice. Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research, 12(1), 78-86. https://doi.org/10.1093/jphsr/rmaa025

Al Meslamani, A. Z. (2023). Medication errors during a pandemic: What have we learned?

Expert Opinion on Drug Safety, 0(0), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1080/14740338.2023.2181954

Bowdle, T. A., Jelacic, S., Webster, C. S., & Merry, A. F. (2023). Take action now to prevent

medication errors: Lessons from a fatal error involving an automated dispensing cabinet. British Journal of Anesthesia, 130(1), 14–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2022.09.017

Godshall, M., & Riehl, M. (2018). They are preventing medication errors in the information age.

            Nursing, 48(9), 56–58. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.NURSE.0000544230.51598.38

MacDowell, P., Cabri, A. & Michaela, D. (2021). Medication Administration Errors. Patient

            Safety Network. https://psnet.ahrq.gov/primer/medication-administration-errors

Salar, A., Kiani, F., & Rezaee, N. (2020). Preventing the medication errors in Hospitals: A

qualitative study. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences, 13, 100235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijans.2020.100235