NR 503 Week 8: Discussion – Health Policy and Ethics
Chamberlain University NR 503 Week 8: Discussion – Health Policy and Ethics– Step-By-Step Guide
This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Chamberlain University NR 503 Week 8: Discussion – Health Policy and Ethics assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.
How to Research and Prepare for NR 503 Week 8: Discussion – Health Policy and Ethics
Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Chamberlain University NR 503 Week 8: Discussion – Health Policy and Ethics depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.
After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.
How to Write the Introduction for NR 503 Week 8: Discussion – Health Policy and Ethics
The introduction for the Chamberlain University NR 503 Week 8: Discussion – Health Policy and Ethics is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.
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How to Write the Body for NR 503 Week 8: Discussion – Health Policy and Ethics
After the introduction, move into the main part of the NR 503 Week 8: Discussion – Health Policy and Ethics assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.
Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.
How to Write the Conclusion for NR 503 Week 8: Discussion – Health Policy and Ethics
After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.
How to Format the References List for NR 503 Week 8: Discussion – Health Policy and Ethics
The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.
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Sample Answer for NR 503 Week 8: Discussion – Health Policy and Ethics
Bill SB 368 Health Care Coverage: Deductibles and Out-Of-Pocket Expenses Issued, amended, or renewed on or after July 1, 2022, and It was sponsored by Monique Limon, a Democratic senator in District 19 of California.
The bill is meant to complement the knock-knee Health care service plan act of 1975, which limits out-of-pocket expenses. The bill SB 368 adds to the previous law that health care plans and insurers establish and maintain a system that allows patients to request and have it ready at any time for their most updated accrual balances from their health care services. This bill is meant to create more transparency of costs. (Guerrero & Fellow, 2021).
This bill is not significant, in my opinion, but it is a start. Healthcare insurance in this country is one of the most expensive in the world. In addition, out-of-pocket costs and surprise medical bills can disrupt patients’ finances that may have already been affected by their illness and inability to earn an income. The current healthcare system lacks cost transparency and has long been the cause of extreme financial hardship for individuals and families.
The author explains the healthcare system as “technologically sophisticated, extremely expensive, but inaccessible to the poor (Sage, 2019). I could not better agree with this definition. Anyone that has ever been without insurance in a time of illness can relate. Of course, patients can always go to the emergency room and get out with thousands of dollars in medical bills. Hospital fees, radiology fees, labs fees and do not forget the ER doctor’s fee. Even worst, if anesthesia was used, add a hefty anesthesiology fee. If that is not bad enough, some states like Utah will take patients to court for amounts as low as 200 dollars, add lawyers’ fees and court hearings and easily win a $1200 wage garnishment in court. Some people may ask why the patients do not pay such a low amount and the short answer is that hospitals often will not send a bill to the patient and instead take them directly to court. A practice that I found shameful, at the least.
However, Utah is not alone in a similar practice, and fortunately, the US congress passed the No surprises act in 2020. This bill intends to protect patients with private insurance from surprise medical bills for emergency and out-of-network services (Stephenson, 2022). Even though nurses are mainly concerned about providing medical care and not getting involved with the insurance and financial aspect of the care they provide, nurses must get involved.
Nurses in the ER or other units have no idea what the care they provide will cost patients and do not consider that they are providing the most expensive care in the world. So why are nurses underpaid, understaffed, under-benefited, and the patients overcharged?
It is imperative that nurses get involved with principles of social justice and health policy like the ANA code of ethics, which provision nine advocates for as follows: “The profession of nursing, collectively through its professional organizations, must articulate nursing values, maintain the integrity of the profession, and integrate principles of social justice into nursing and health policy” (Alves, 2022).
References:
Alves, J. (2022). Calling a code: Nursing students’ application of the code of ethics to nursing
practice. Proceedings of the 2022 AERA Annual Meeting. https://doi.org/10.3102/1899337Links to an external site.
Guerrero, E. M., & Fellow, G. R. (2021, November 15). Recapping the 2021 session: Healthcare
legislation passed in California. The Source on HealthCare Price and Competition.
Sage, W. M. (2019). Explaining America’s spendthrift healthcare system: The enduring effects
of public regulation on private competition. The Law and Policy of Healthcare Financing,
17- 36. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781788115926.00009Links to an external site.
Stephenson, J. (2022). Law banning surprise medical bills takes effect. JAMA Health
Forum, 3(1), e220019. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamahealthforum.2022.0019Links to an external site.
Sample Answer 2 for NR 503 Week 8: Discussion – Health Policy and Ethics
Everyone,
According to Eichhorn, L., et al (2018) Carbon monoxide is an odorless gas that can cause sudden illness and death. In the United State, 20 000–50 000 cases of carbon monoxide poisoning occur every year Treatment for accidental carbon monoxide poisoning costs the US healthcare system about $1.3 billion every year. On September 20 2022, the Pennsylvania Senate Bill 129 which was created by Wayne D. Fontana was passed with a vote of 50- 0. The bill passed the Pennsylvania Senate unanimously but awaits approval from the lower legislative chamber. The bill creates the Carbon Monoxide Alarm Standards in Child Care Facilities Act requiring operational carbon monoxide detectors in childcare facilities that use fossil-fuel-burning heaters or appliances, fireplaces or in facilities that are attached to garages. The bill was passed after the third Bill voted on Third Consideration
When I saw this bill online I did not know what importance the bill held until I saw this newspaper about an incident that occurred in Allentown PA a few days ago, according to the Washington Post, On October 12, 2022, nearly three dozen adults and children were evacuated from a day-care center in Allentown, Pa., due to a report of an unconscious child detected which was as a result of carbon monoxide poisoning. The people evacuated, had three to 10 times the normal amount of carbon monoxide in their blood. The center didn’t have detectors and intended to have them installed. Also according to our assigned reading in week 5 the American Academy of Nursing: vulnerable population states that many school-age children lack access to quality health care and other essential services to meet their needs and support their physical, mental, and behavioral health. In this case it involved the children at the daycare that was why this incident prompted a state legislator to renew calls for colleagues to pass a pending bill that would require child-care centers across Pennsylvania to install carbon monoxide detectors. This act alone entails advocating to ensure that the population at risk which in this case are children are protected.
References
American Academy of Nursing: Vulnerable Populations http://www.aannet.org/initiatives/edge-runners/vulnerable-populationsLinks to an external site.
Eichhorn, L., Thudium, M., & Jüttner, B. (2018). The Diagnosis and Treatment of Carbon Monoxide Poisoning. Deutsches Arzteblatt international, 115(51-52), 863–870. https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.2018.0863Links to an external site.
Jeong A., (2022, October 12). Carbon monoxide leak at Pennsylvania day care sickens children, staff. The Washington post https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2022/10/12/carbon-monoxide-poisoning-allentown-daycare/
Sample Answer 3 for NR 503 Week 8: Discussion – Health Policy and Ethics
Deductibles and Out-Of-Pocket Expenses Issued, amended, or renewed on or after July 1, 2022, and It was sponsored by Monique Limon, a Democratic senator in District 19 of California.
The bill is meant to complement the knock-knee Health care service plan act of 1975, which limits out-of-pocket expenses. The bill SB 368 adds to the previous law that health care plans and insurers establish and maintain a system that allows patients to request and have it ready at any time for their most updated accrual balances from their health care services. This bill is meant to create more transparency of costs. (Guerrero & Fellow, 2021).
This bill is not significant, in my opinion, but it is a start. Healthcare insurance in this country is one of the most expensive in the world. In addition, out-of-pocket costs and surprise medical bills can disrupt patients’ finances that may have already been affected by their illness and inability to earn an income. The current healthcare system lacks cost transparency and has long been the cause of extreme financial hardship for individuals and families.
The author explains the healthcare system as “technologically sophisticated, extremely expensive, but inaccessible to the poor (Sage, 2019). I could not better agree with this definition. Anyone that has ever been without insurance in a time of illness can relate. Of course, patients can always go to the emergency room and get out with thousands of dollars in medical bills. Hospital fees, radiology fees, labs fees and do not forget the ER doctor’s fee. Even worst, if anesthesia was used, add a hefty anesthesiology fee. If that is not bad enough, some states like Utah will take patients to court for amounts as low as 200 dollars, add lawyers’ fees and court hearings and easily win a $1200 wage garnishment in court. Some people may ask why the patients do not pay such a low amount and the short answer is that hospitals often will not send a bill to the patient and instead take them directly to court. A practice that I found shameful, at the least.
However, Utah is not alone in a similar practice, and fortunately, the US congress passed the No surprises act in 2020. This bill intends to protect patients with private insurance from surprise medical bills for emergency and out-of-network services (Stephenson, 2022). Even though nurses are mainly concerned about providing medical care and not getting involved with the insurance and financial aspect of the care they provide, nurses must get involved.
Nurses in the ER or other units have no idea what the care they provide will cost patients and do not consider that they are providing the most expensive care in the world. So why are nurses underpaid, understaffed, under-benefited, and the patients overcharged?
It is imperative that nurses get involved with principles of social justice and health policy like the ANA code of ethics, which provision nine advocates for as follows: “The profession of nursing, collectively through its professional organizations, must articulate nursing values, maintain the integrity of the profession, and integrate principles of social justice into nursing and health policy” (Alves, 2022).
References:
Alves, J. (2022). Calling a code: Nursing students’ application of the code of ethics to nursing
practice. Proceedings of the 2022 AERA Annual Meeting. https://doi.org/10.3102/1899337Links to an external site.
Guerrero, E. M., & Fellow, G. R. (2021, November 15). Recapping the 2021 session: Healthcare
legislation passed in California. The Source on HealthCare Price and Competition.
Sage, W. M. (2019). Explaining America’s spendthrift healthcare system: The enduring effects
of public regulation on private competition. The Law and Policy of Healthcare Financing,
17- 36. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781788115926.00009Links to an external site.
Stephenson, J. (2022). Law banning surprise medical bills takes effect. JAMA Health Forum, 3(1), e220019. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamahealthforum.2022.0019Links to an external site.
Sample Answer 4 for NR 503 Week 8: Discussion – Health Policy and Ethics
I enjoyed reading your discussion this week and found it very informative. Practice authority for nurse practitioners is interesting as it is still not unified across the country and varies from state to state. Many feel strongly, one way or another about practice authority and licensing restrictions. I personally am pleased to see Utah has transitioned to a full-practice authority state through the passing of the Bill 36, and I am confident that more states will follow in this direction in the years to come. As you mentioned, allowing full practice for NPs has many benefits including addressing the nationwide shortage of medical professionals and increasing accessibility to healthcare.
In a study examining the impact of full nurse practitioner practice authority on the racial and ethnic diversity of the NP workforce and the communities they serve; a better understanding was gained how full practice authority affects the demographics of patients served by NPs. The shortage of primary care physicians in the United States disproportionately affects communities of color. Nurse practitioners typically have shown to be more willing to work in underserved areas and communities of color, which could potentially solve the primary care shortage issue if full practice authority is granted. Full practice authority has the potential to improve access to care for Medicare beneficiaries of color. Additionally, full practice authority can be a cost-effective strategy to address disparities in access to care for communities of color (Plemmons et al., 2022).
Reference:
Plemmons, A., Shakya, S., Cato, K., Sadarangani, T., Poghosyan, L., & Timmons, E. (2022). Exploring the relationship between Nurse Practitioner Full Practice Authority, nurse practitioner workforce diversity, and disparate Primary Care Access. Policy, Politics, & Nursing Practice, 24(1), 26–35. https://doi.org/10.1177/15271544221138047
Week 8: Reflection on Achievement of Program Outcomes
MSN Program Outcome #2
When I reflect back over this course, I am able to see how valuable epidemiology is within the Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) specialty track. The MSN program outcome #2 revolves around promoting quality and safety of care within the advanced nursing practice. Given this, through the course outcomes in NR503 I was able to uphold this through diving into what epidemiology means and how it applies to community health and population research. Epidemiology goes hand in hand with community health. In improving the wellbeing of those that are in the unhealthiest of today’s world, the overall healthiness of the society can be improved. Focusing on the study of epidemiology to close the gap on these disparities will vastly reduce health imbalances in society as a whole (Marmot, 2017). Epidemiology will continue to seek to increase safety and quality of care as it studies disease worldwide. By being knowledgeable about study designs and epidemiological surveillance, one is able to realize the significance it places on increasing safety and quality of care. All of the course outcomes within NR503 aid in the understanding of how this kind of information promotes the safety and quality of health care practices. Specifically, I was able to meet the MSN Program Outcome #2 through weekly discussions as we discussed aspects of epidemiology that seek to increase safety and quality of patient care practices, such as identifying study designs that seek to improve patient care practices through epidemiological research. Another way this outcome was achieved was through the epidemiological problem paper as this helped us identify an epidemiological problem within our geographical region so that we, as future advanced practice nurses (APNs) can be knowledge about epidemiological research so that we can improve the safety and quality of care to patients in which we treat.
MSN Program Outcome #2
MSN Essential IV promotes incorporating scholarship within practice. Clinical scholarship is foundational to nurses across all venues and will be an essential element to uphold within practice as it serves the populations in which one practices (Wilkes, Mannix, & Jackson, 2013). The outcomes within this course support this mission as they help us understand epidemiological study designs, and the importance they play within practice. As epidemiological issues are researched, they can be integrated into practice and serve as a reminder that other areas may need to be researched in order to continuously improve patient care practices. Take for example, one way this outcome was met was through this course we were able to identify sources of epidemiological data within discussions. By FNPs being knowledgeable about sources of epidemiological data will be resourceful as they use this data to support best patient care practices that aid in decreasing the transmission of disease, thus integrating knowledge into practice. Another way a course outcome from NR503 supported and achieved MSN Essential IV was by researching issues such as infectious disease, chronic disease, and exposures within the discussions, as well as within the three papers completed in this course. I was able to deepen my knowledge regarding diseases such as diabetes, chickenpox, and influenza as I will be a future leader within treatment of these diseases. Knowledge I have gained regarding prevalence and incidence of the disease through the papers within this course will help me be mindful as I am diagnosing infectious and chronic diseases so that scholarship and knowledge can be applied, specifically for at risk populations. By FNPs being knowledgeable about epidemiology it will seek to strengthen the foundation of scholarly knowledge that is used and applied within practice.
NP Core Competencies (NONPF) #4
Lastly, NONPF #4 revolves around the FNP developing new practice methods that support research, theory, and knowledge within practice. FNPs will be key facilitators within developing the newest and most current evidence-based practices within the epidemiological realm. Specifically, NR503’s course outcomes and assignments have met this competency by allowing us to appraise and research a public health issue that is relevant to our geographical location. This will be where we as FNPs express the knowledge gained from the project and course outcomes to populations and communities that we will treat as they promote new practices in relation to patient care and within their practice setting so that patient care practices are enhanced. Also, this course has met this competency by discussing genetics within epidemiology as it is the future of epidemiological practices. New methods regarding epidemiology will be researched and this research will evolve from genetics as FNPs continue to integrate genetics and research into practice. FNPs will be leaders within promotion of epidemiological research and key facilitators in developing new methods that support genetic involvement within epidemiology. Involvement and development of genetics in research will seek to improve patient outcomes. It will be important that FNPs and APNs be mindful and provide proper education about genetics so that awareness can be raised on the subject (Calzone et al., 2017). APNs will be leaders within further development of genetic epidemiological processes that can be promoted within practice.
Reference:
Calzone, K. A., Kirk, M., Tonkin, E., Badzek, L., Benjamin, C., & Middleton, A. (2018). Increasing nursing capacity in genomics: Overview of existing global genomics resources. Nurse Education Today, 69(1), 53-59. doi:10.1016/j.nedt.2018.06.032
Marmot, M. (2017). Social justice, epidemiology and health inequalities. European Journal of Epidemiology, 32(7), 537-546. doi:10.1007/s10654-017-0286-3
Wilkes, L., Mannix, J., & Jackson, D. (2013). Practicing nurses perspectives of clinical scholarship: A qualitative study. BMC Nursing, 12(1), 21-27. doi:10.1186/1472-6955-12-21