NR 599 Week 6 Medical Application Critical Appraisal Guidelines

Chamberlain University NR 599 Week 6 Medical Application Critical Appraisal Guidelines– Step-By-Step Guide

This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Chamberlain University  NR 599 Week 6 Medical Application Critical Appraisal Guidelines  assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.

How to Research and Prepare for NR 599 Week 6 Medical Application Critical Appraisal Guidelines                        

Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Chamberlain University  NR 599 Week 6 Medical Application Critical Appraisal Guidelines       depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.

After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.

How to Write the Introduction for NR 599 Week 6 Medical Application Critical Appraisal Guidelines                        

The introduction for the Chamberlain University  NR 599 Week 6 Medical Application Critical Appraisal Guidelines      is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.

How to Write the Body for NR 599 Week 6 Medical Application Critical Appraisal Guidelines                        

After the introduction, move into the main part of the NR 599 Week 6 Medical Application Critical Appraisal Guidelines      assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.

Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.

How to Write the Conclusion for NR 599 Week 6 Medical Application Critical Appraisal Guidelines                        

After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.

How to Format the References List for NR 599 Week 6 Medical Application Critical Appraisal Guidelines                        

The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.

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Sample Answer for NR 599 Week 6 Medical Application Critical Appraisal Guidelines

Part 2: MediCalc Critical Appraisal

Name: The medical application for an appraisal is MediCalc

Author: SkyMed, a medical app business, created MediCalc. MediCalc is not the same as MedCalc, with which it is sometimes mistaken. The software was created by doctors for doctors. A. Arthuro Rodriguez, M.D., M.B.A., and Senior Vice-President and Co-Founder Ignacio Rodriguez, J.D., L.L.M. comprised the editors’ group behind the software’s inception. The application is also maintained by the same developer (SkyMed) where they add features that are significant in the medical sector (Ebell et al., 1995). The developer also solves all issues that arise from using the app where most problems are discovered through user reviews. SkyMed is likewise dedicated to safeguarding users’ internet privacy. The creators believe that the user should be aware of how they manage the data they gather from customers (Ozarkar, 2022)s. ScyMed, on the other hand, does not influence the security policies and procedures of other third-party sites, and users should consult the conditions of those sites for further information on the rules that apply to those sites if they have any concerns.

Endorsement: There is no proof that the app is licensed by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or just about any healthcare professional body or educational organization, according to the ScyMed and MediCalc investigation (Ozarkar, 2022). There appears to be a dearth of details on an endorsement. Solely medical professionals should use the app because it only covers the usage of apps in a hospital context. However, it is unclear whether the website or application is a result of a partnership with another government body.

Operation: ScyMed Inc owns all of the data on its websites and software, which is guided by copyright laws, trademark laws, and other patent laws in the United States and across the world. ScyMed thus provides the user with a non-exclusive, non-transferable right to access and use the Websites for the prices and terms mentioned in their agreement during the subscription period to ScyMed online. The application is a mobile application that is compatible with both android and IOS operating systems (Iglesias-Posadilla et al., 2017). The application is compatible with iPhones, iPad (compatible), and iPod touch as long as they have an iOS 5.1 or later one. The app also functions in all android phones with a lollipop operating system or an updated one.

Aesthetics: Because it starts with a list of systems, this software is simple to use. As a user progresses through the systems, they see a list of all the medical calculators that are present in that platform. The calculator is simple to operate. Simply enter the values required by the equation in the input field (Ozarkar, 2022). When the user hits calculate, the values in the output area will fill. The text for abnormal values will be red. The app is also searchable, and it offers references organized by a system for ease of use (Ebell et al., 1995). The software includes a user-friendly layout with tables of contents, conversions, and a formula directory in drop-down boxes on the left. Haematology, Renal, Cardiology, Gastrointestinal, Pulmonary, Nutritional, and Endocrine are the divisions in which the information is structured (Ozarkar, 2022). You may get a broad variety of medical three calculators by clicking on any of the divisions. The calculators are color-coded, with normal and abnormal numbers displayed in different colors.  Moreover, the application’s version 15.2 has a user interface that allows users to choose between English, French, Spanish, German, and Chinese as their preferred language.

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Purpose: MediCalc was created to meet the medical needs of all active adults in society regardless of their gender. On Android Medical, MediCalc is the most popular clinic app. It is appropriate for persons who require this type of software to live a healthy lifestyle. It makes it easier to organize and process the data of the patient (Ozarkar, 2022). It’s an excellent tool for patient care since it has all of the necessary medical calculators and information, is simple to use, and saves time.

Privacy/Security: Users should know how the developers manage the information they provide. Users can visit the website of developers without disclosing any private information. They are not required to collect any demographic data about patients. However, to analyze clinical data or access certain of the developer’s content and services, users must give patient information (Iglesias-Posadilla et al., 2017). During registration, ScyMed does not collect or utilize any personal information. For registration, only a few details are necessary. Users do not need to register to utilize the online systems. Some parts may require previous registration and passwords to access. ScyMed may contain hyperlinks to third-party Web sites (Iglesias-Posadilla et al., 2017). The developers have no control over the privacy policies and practices of other third-party sites, and users should consult the terms of those sites for further details about the rules that apply to those sites if they have any issues.

User: When installing this app, the terms and conditions require that the user must be above the age of 18 years. The primary target users for this software are all medical practitioners because all the features present relate to medicine (Ebell et al., 1995). The app is only meant for healthcare workers because all of the terms used relate to the profession and it is hard for a non -practitioner to understand. Also, the calculations done using the app are for medical use; thus it is hard for regular people to get the required data.

Distribution: MediCalc was first developed in America, but it has gained global popularity where medical practitioners across the world have embraced using the application to ease their jobs.

Credibility: MediCalc is a credit application based on the accuracy of the results posted when used. Different medical practitioners have given feedback on the review section and they have indicated that it is fast, easy, and correct, especially in computing kidney function and the Monthly Index of Medical Specialties for drug interaction.

Relevance: This application is in the modern’s medical field because it keeps on updating and correcting all the equations and formulas within the setup. The latest version of the application was updated in 2021 and there were different versions for the compatible devices (Ozarkar, 2022). The frequent update of the software ensures that the data contained is at par with the changes in the medical sector.

Part 3: Example

I visited a private hospital that used MediCalc to calculate CHA₂DS₂-VASc Score for Atrial Fibrillation Stroke Risk. This is a condition that is very much rampant in adults, especially those above the age of 65 years. In a non-anticoagulated patient with non-valvular AF, this score is one of several risk classification schemes that can assist identify the 1-year risk of a TE episode. The CHA2DS2-VASc score, as well as other risk prediction schemes, can be used to estimate a patient’s TE risk. This test is vital because, for individuals with atrial fibrillation, it aids in the long-term risk stratification of stroke (Bierbrier & Wu, 2014). The risk was determined using different factors like an age where individuals who were less than 65 years of age scored (0) because they were not at a high risk of developing the complication. Individuals aged between 6574 years scored (+1), while those aged 75 years and above scored (+2) due to the high risk. Another factor used was sex where females scored (+1) due to their higher chances of developing the condition while males scored (0) due to their lower chances of developing the complication (Piran et al., 2019). Other factors considered included CHF history, Hypertension history, Stroke/TIA/thromboembolism history, vascular disease history, and Diabetes history. If the answer to any of the factors is no, the score is zero, while if the answer is yes, the score is +1 apart from Stroke/TIA/thromboembolism history which scores +2 for a yes answer.

Additionally, when the patient is asked for all these details, the medical practitioner conducting the diagnosis will open the MediCalc and search for CHA₂DS₂-VASc score. The medical practitioner will key in the scores and the application will provide a final result on the patient’s risk to develop the complication being tested. The healthcare worker may decide to conduct the calculation with the patient or get the results individually then share with the patient (Bierbrier & Wu, 2014). The app will have a significant impact on the scenario because it will shorten the period taken to carry out the calculations and make the diagnosis (Piran et al., 2019). When the results reflect faster, the doctor can advise the patient on the best step to take to prevent the medical complication from attacking.

References

Bierbrier, R., Lo, V., & Wu, R. C. (2014). Evaluation of the accuracy of smartphone medical calculation apps. Journal of medical Internet Research, 16(2), e3062.

Ebell, M. H., Hale, W., Buchanan, J. E., & Dake, P. (1995). Hand-held computers for family physicians. Journal of Family Practice, 41(4), 385-393.

El Hadidy, T. S., Alshafei, A. E., Mortell, A. E., & Doherty, E. M. (2018). Smartphones in clinical practice: doctors’ experience at two Dublin paediatric teaching hospitals. Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971-), 187(3), 565-573.

Iglesias-Posadilla, D., Gómez-Marcos, V., & Hernández-Tejedor, A. (2017). Apps and intensive care medicine. Medicina Intensiva (English Edition), 41(4), 227-236.

Ozarkar, T. (2013). MediCalc iPhone and iPad medical app review. iMedicalApps. Retrieved 7 March 2022, from https://www.imedicalapps.com/2013/06/medicalc-medical-calculator-app-iphone/.

Piran, P., Thomas, J., Kunnakkat, S., Pandey, A., Gilles, N., Weingast, S., … & Levine, S. R. (2019). Medical mobile applications for stroke survivors and caregivers. Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, 28(11), 104318.

Sample Answer 2 for NR 599 Week 6 Medical Application Critical Appraisal Guidelines

PART 2

NAME

The name of the app for my birth month is Medscape.

AUTHOR

Medscape was founded by Peter Frishauf in May 1995, alongside colleagues from MediaLogic. (Lundberg, G.D., MD, 2020)  Subsequently, the organization was acquired by WebMD. WebMD LLC (“WebMD” or “we”), the operator of www.medscape.com (“Medscape”), is dedicated to delivering Medscape users with editorial content that upholds the most rigorous journalistic and editorial principles. Our focus is on ensuring fairness, (Medscape, 2023)

ENDORSEMENT

Yes, Medscape holds licenses from both the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Health and Human Services Office of the Inspector General (HHS-OIG). The Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME), the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC), and the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE) are among the organizations that have granted their endorsement to Medscape. (Medscape, 2023)

OPERATION

Both the mobile and web-based platforms of the app are accessible for download from the Apple app store. However, it’s important to note that the app has specific compatibility requirements. For iPhones and iPads, iOS 14.0 or later is necessary, and for macOS devices, version 11.0 or later is required. (Apple, 2023)

AESTHETICS

Both the Medscape app and website offer exceptional user-friendliness. The content on both platforms is meticulously arranged for effortless navigation and comprehension. The presence of an icon section streamlines information retrieval for healthcare providers. This section incorporates icons denoting treatment options, medications (and drug interactions), patient education, and continuing education for providers.

PURPOSE

The purpose is to offer accessible healthcare information at one’s fingertips. Medscape stands as the foremost worldwide online hub for physicians and healthcare professionals, providing the latest medical news, expert insights, crucial point-of-care drug and disease details, and pertinent professional education and continuing medical education (CME).

CLINICAL DECISION MAKING

Medscape offers “Immediate Clinical Answers” (Medscape, 2023). Medscape has a lot to offer when you are looking for answers in clinical decision making. “9,200+ Rx and OTC drugs, herbals, and supplements: 7,500+ Reference articles for decision-making support Clinical tools: drug interaction checker, 450+ medical calculators, and pill identifier.” (Medscape, 2023)

SAFETY

Yes there is a potential to harm patients with this app/website. Although health applications have the potential to enhance patient well-being through interactive tools that promote treatment adherence and expand information accessibility, they also carry a safety risk. This is primarily due to the possibility that patients might rely on software-derived information for health-related choices, which could potentially lead to incorrect decisions. (Akbar, et. al.,  2019).

PRIVACY/SECURITY

Yes, Medscape has a privacy statement that you agree to if you use them. There is no clear privacy policy stating information gets encrypted, and they do share your information with third parties. As per Medscape’s privacy policy, the company partners with third-party service providers who may utilize users’ personal information for advertising or sponsored initiatives and share it with their associated entities. By continued use the services, one is agreeing to the change made in the privacy policy (Medscape, 2023)

USER

Medscape is a point of care medical reference app for doctors. (Medscape, 2023) The primary audience for this app consists of healthcare professionals like physicians and pharmacists. However, despite its design for healthcare professionals, individuals outside the healthcare field can also utilize it to stay updated on the latest medical news.

DISTRIBUTION

Medscape was designed for both local and international use. Medscape stands as the foremost online global hub for physicians and healthcare professionals worldwide. It provides the latest medical news and expert insights, crucial point-of-care drug and disease information, as well as pertinent professional education and continuing medical education (CME). (Medscpae, 2023)

CREDIBILITY

Medscape is a highly credible source of information . The Medscape Journal of Medicine releases peer-reviewed content, encompassing original articles involving clinical research and trials, comprehensive reviews, editorials, and commentaries. Medscape, LLC holds ACCME accreditation with distinction as a certified provider of physician education. (Medscape, 2023)

RELEVANCE

Medscape is always updating their information. Medscape references represent the utmost authoritative and easily accessible medical reference for physicians and health care professionals, accessible online and through the mobile devices. (Medscape, 20203) Medscape Reference articles undergo continuous updates through various collaborative mechanisms, harnessing the expertise of over 7600+ Active Contributors. Their contributors are comprimised  of esteemed physicians and pharmacists from leading academic medical institutions globally, consistently revising their articles based on novel and significant developments. Additionally, Literature Survey Process systematically scrutinizes prominent medical and pharmacy journals, FDA announcements, and pivotal practice guidelines to swiftly incorporate practice-altering insights into relevant subjects. (Medscape, 2023)

The Medscape Reference Drug Data are perpetually refreshed by their team of pharmacists, with input from Advisory Board members. The Medscape Drug Reference also integrates data from First DataBank to enhance patient handouts, drug visuals, and pricing information.

PART 3

James, a 32-year-old male, arrived at the Emergency Department (ED) with severe panic attacks and heightened anxiety. Diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder, he also experiences frequent migraines which he typically manages with aspirin since other pain relievers haven’t been effective. In the weeks leading to his ED visit, he had discontinued his prescribed anxiety medications due to perceived ineffectiveness. As the attending psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP), a decision was made to provide immediate relief for his acute panic symptoms. The PMHNP frequently relies on the Medscape app to research medications suitable for patient care. Medscape offers insights into various medications used to manage acute panic attacks, along with scholarly articles detailing diagnoses and potential drug interactions. After reviewing Medscape’s recommendations, the PMHNP determined that prescribing Alprazolam 0.5 mg as needed would be appropriate for Lucas’s condition and age, as the app provided relevant data for his demographic. Medscape’s Drug Interaction Checker was employed to assess potential drug interactions, and any significant interactions were communicated to the attending physicians and documented (Selvarajan et al., 2019). Based on insights gained from Medscape, the PMHNP then utilized the “Drug Interaction Checker.” After entering Alprazolam and aspirin into the system, it was indicated that there were no significant interactions. Therefore, the patient’s regimen included Alprazolam to effectively manage his panic symptoms.

 References

Akbar, S., Coiera,, E., & Magrabi, F. (2019). Safety Concerns with Consumer-Facing Mobile      Health Applications and Their Consequences: A Scoping Review. Journal of the   American Medical Informatics Association, 27(2), 330–340. https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocz175

App Store. (2023). Medscape. https://apps.apple.com/us/app/medscape/id321367289

Latest Medical News, Clinical Trials, Guidelines – Today on Medscape. (2023).    https://medscape.com/

Lundberg, G. D., MD. (2020). Medscape and the History of Internet Medical Ethics. Medscape.             https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/937710?form=fpf

Selvarajan, S., Das, S., Behera, S. K., Xavier, A. S., & Dharanipragada, S. (2019). Are Drug-       Drug Interactions a Real Clinical Concern? Perspectives in Clinical Research, 10(2), 62.             https://doi.org/10.4103/picr.picr_55_18

NR 599 Week 7 Midweek Comprehension Questions

As mentioned in the lesson, for the healthcare professional to be an effective patient advocate, he or she must understand how information technology affects the patient and the subsequent delivery of care. Continue to reflect upon what does this statement means to you and your responsibilities as a future APN. Provide a brief response (100 words or less) 

It is amazing to look back and reflect on all the advancements technology in healthcare has made and continues to make every day. As a future advance practice nurse, it is vital that I understand how information technology affects my patients. Not only so I can understand how to accurately use these tools to provide the best quality of care, but to also educate my patients on how these resources can help them as well. When a patient can fully understand how to access things such as their patient portal, there is a higher chance of empowering them to participate and be involved in their own care. The goal of leading patients to their optimal health is my ultimate responsibility and by continuing my education and staying up to date on the latest technology, I have a better opportunity to reach that goal.