NRS 429 Family Assessment Part II
Grand Canyon University NRS 429 Family Assessment Part II– Step-By-Step Guide
This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Grand Canyon University NRS 429 Family Assessment Part II assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.
How to Research and Prepare for NRS 429 Family Assessment Part II
Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Grand Canyon University NRS 429 Family Assessment Part II depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.
After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.
How to Write the Introduction for NRS 429 Family Assessment Part II
The introduction for the Grand Canyon University NRS 429 Family Assessment Part II is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.
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How to Write the Body for NRS 429 Family Assessment Part II
After the introduction, move into the main part of the NRS 429 Family Assessment Part II assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.
Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.
How to Write the Conclusion for NRS 429 Family Assessment Part II
After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.
How to Format the References List for NRS 429 Family Assessment Part II
The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.
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Sample Answer for NRS 429 Family Assessment Part II
Social determinants of health are factors within one’s family and community that affect their access to healthcare services. Arthur’s family was interviewed in the previous project. The assessment showed the existence of significant health-related needs for the family. Nurses and other healthcare providers should collaborate with the family in developing healthcare plans to transform their lifestyles and behaviors. Therefore, this paper examines the social determinants of health affecting Arthur’s family, age-appropriate screenings for the family members, and appropriate health model that can be used to develop a plan of care for the family.
Social Determinants of Health Affecting the Family
As noted above, social determinants of health are factors within one’s environment that influence their access to healthcare services. The factors include those in places where one was born, work, grew, aged, and died. The interview with Arthur’s family showed the existence of several social determinants of health affecting them. One of them is the lack of awareness about their health needs. Education is an important aspect in health that increase population’s awareness about health risks and how to avoid them. However, Arthur’s family is not aware of the health risks associated with sedentary lifestyles. The family members rarely engage in active physical activity despite being obese and Arthur suffering from hypertension (CDC, 2022). Arthur and his son consume high amount of high calorie foods, which increases their risk of health complications such as cancer, hypertension, diabetes, and stroke. Therefore, their lack of awareness about the health risks of their lifestyles and behaviors is a crucial determinant of the family’s health.
The other social determinant of health seen in Arthur’s family is the affordability of healthcare services. Despite Arthur and his son suffering from hypertension and obesity respectively, they rarely visit the hospital for assessment and treatment. The family noted experiencing financial hardships, which makes it difficult for them to access and utilize the healthcare services that they need. The American healthcare system is among the most expensive in the world (Palmer et al., 2019). As a result, families from low socioeconomic backgrounds often experience challenges in affording the healthcare services they need for their health and wellbeing.
The other social determinant of health evidence from the family assessment is social and community contexts. Arthur’s family demonstrated the lack of adequate family support system during the assessment. This could be seen from the family members failing to provide their daughter her desired social support when she experienced a relationship failure. The family also does not discuss about issues related to sexuality and relationship due to the influence of their religious beliefs (Palmer et al., 2019). The wider social and community system also does not support healthy habits for its members. This can be seen from the easy access to fast foods for the family members and the lack of community systems to increase the population’s awareness about the importance of healthy lifestyles and behaviors (CDC, 2022). Therefore, Arthur’s family social and community contexts act as their social determinants of health.
Age-Appropriate Screenings
Arthur’s family members should utilize different age-appropriate screenings for their health promotion. The age-appropriate screenings for John Arthur include eye examinations, hearing tests, blood pressure screening, skin, dental, and testicular examinations. Age-appropriate screenings for Cate Arthur includes skin, dental, blood pressure, hearing, and eye examinations. The age-appropriate screenings for Chris Arthur includes eye, blood pressure, hearing, dental, and skin examinations. Mr. Arthur’s age-appropriate screenings include blood pressure, testicular, blood glucose, cholesterol, colonoscopy, and prostate screening tests. The age-appropriate screenings for Mrs. Arthur include ovarian cancer screening, mammography, bone density, cholesterol, blood glucose, blood pressure, pelvic, and cervical cancer screenings (Fragala et al., 2019). These screenings are important for early detection and prevention of potential health problems that may affect the family members.
Health Model for the Family
A health model that can be adopted to assist in creating a plan of action for the Arthur’s family is the transtheoretical model. Transtheoretical model is a theory of change used to facilitate behavioral change among the target populations. It promotes long-term behavioral change through multiple adaptions and actions over time. The model postulates that people are in different stages of readiness to embrace healthy lifestyles and behaviors (Castrucci & Auerbach, 2019). As a result, the nurse should create awareness about the change and provide enabling factors for the process. The transtheoretical model asserts that change occurs in steps that include precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance. This model is appropriate for the family since it will promote sustained lifestyle and behavioral change among the family members (Pennington, 2021). Since change occurs in steps, it would be possible to implement strategies that will prevent family members from relapsing to their unhealthy habits.
Steps for a Family-Centered Health Promotion
The transtheoretical model provides several steps that must occur for the delivery of family-centered health promotion. The nurse should create awareness among the family members for the change in the precontemplation stage (Pennington, 2021). The family members should be made to understand the health risks associated with their behaviors and the need for a change. The nurse should facilitate them to develop interest in changing their behaviors in the contemplation stage. She should also help them to explore strategies that they need for their optimum health and wellbeing in the preparation stage (Liu et al., 2018). The nurse should then guide them in implementing new, healthy lifestyles and behaviors in the action phase. The focus is on ensuring incremental adoption of healthy lifestyles and behaviors and assisting the family members not to relapse to their unhealthy behaviors. The last stage in creating sustainable change is maintenance where family members have stabilized the desired healthy behaviors (Prochaska, 2020). Therefore, the transtheoretical model of change provides an effective approach to assisting the family achieve their desired health promotion goals.
Conclusion
Overall, Arthur’s family experiences significant social determinants of health that affect their healthcare access and health-related outcomes. The nurse should work with the family in identifying the effective ways to promote the optimum health of the family members. The transtheoretical model of change can be applied in assisting the family to achieve its health promotion goals. The model provides steps for achieve sustained behavioral change in the family.
References
Castrucci, B., & Auerbach, J. (2019). Meeting individual social needs falls short of addressing social determinants of health. Health Affairs Blog, 10(10.1377).
CDC. (2022, May 9). Social Determinants of Health | NCHHSTP | CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/socialdeterminants/index.html
Fragala, M. S., Shiffman, D., & Birse, C. E. (2019). Population health screenings for the prevention of chronic disease progression. Am. J. Manag. Care, 25, 548–553.
Liu, K. T., Kueh, Y. C., Arifin, W. N., Kim, Y., & Kuan, G. (2018). Application of transtheoretical model on behavioral changes, and amount of physical activity among university’s students. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 2402.
Palmer, R. C., Ismond, D., Rodriquez, E. J., & Kaufman, J. S. (2019). Social Determinants of Health: Future Directions for Health Disparities Research. American Journal of Public Health, 109(S1), S70–S71. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2019.304964
Pennington, C. G. (2021). Applying the transtheoretical model of behavioral change to establish physical activity habits. Journal of Education and Recreation Patterns, 2(1).
Prochaska, J. O. (2020). Transtheoretical model of behavior change. Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine, 2266–2270.
Sample Answer 2 for NRS 429 Family Assessment Part II
The health and wellbeing of families depend largely on the social and environmental factors in their communities. Social and environmental factors influence the access to and utilization of healthcare services. They act as critical determinants that can either enhance or hinder the utilization of healthcare services and health outcomes of individuals with different health needs. Therefore, this paper explores the social determinants of health, age appropriate screenings and health model that can be utilized to ensure family-centered health promotion for the family interviewed in assessment one.
Social Determinants of Health
Social determinants of health are non-medical factors that play a role in influencing the health outcomes of individuals, families and communities. They mainly refer to the conditions where individuals are born, work, grow, live and age (Hill-Briggs et al., 2021). The assessment with the family showed a number of social determinants that influence its health. One of them is the level of income. Income is a critical determinant of health, as it influences access and affordability of care. Income also influences the affordability of health insurance programs that in turn helps lower the costs of care (Palmer et al., 2019). Income appeared to affect the health status of the family. It affected the family’s affordability of healthy diets, utilization of screening services and treatment services for the different health problems affecting the family members.
The other social determinant of health identified in the family during the interview is education. Education influences the awareness of individuals to healthy lifestyles and behaviors. It influences the uptake of services such as screening and treatment services for health problems. Education also influences other predictors of health and wellbeing such as employment status and level of income (Donkin et al., 2018). The interviewed family had well-educated members. The husband and wife were educated and working while children are in the university. The benefit of education could be seen from their increased utilization of preventive and health promotion services such as screening and treatment of diseases to prevent their progression and worsening of symptoms.
The other social determinant identified in the family is unemployment. While the parents of the family were employed, they experienced a high dependency rate from the other family members (Hill-Briggs et al., 2021). The interview showed that the grandparents and children depend largely on the little income from the parents, which affect their overall health and wellbeing. The high rate of dependency affects affordability of healthcare services as well as healthy diets for the family, hence, its health and wellbeing. The other social determinant identified from the interview is food insecurity. Adequate, healthy food is important for the promotion of the health and wellbeing of families and communities (Palmer et al., 2019). Healthy foods prevent health problems such as obesity and malnutrition in the community. The interviewed family reported that despite having access to healthy foods, affording them was a challenge. As a result, they were predisposed to making unhealthy food choices in some situations, which affects their health and wellbeing.
The last social determinant of health identified from the interview with the family is housing. Safe housing is important for the promotion of health of the families. The housing conditions such as hygiene, aeration and space should promote the health and wellbeing of the occupants. The environment should also be clean to minimize the exposure of the family members to disease causing organisms (Donkin et al., 2018). The interviewed family lives in a healthy environment and housing. As a result, they have minimal exposure to environmental hazards that could predispose them to health problems.
Age Appropriate Screenings
Screening is an important tool utilized for primary prevention. It facilitates early identification and management of potentially life threatening health problems such as obesity, diabetes, heart disease and cancer among others. Each of the family members in the interviewed family has age-appropriate screenings that they need. The appropriate screenings for all the family members irrespective of their ages include weight, blood pressure, blood glucose levels, eye and ear, cholesterol, and skin screenings for pathological lesions. The children require additional screenings that include breast examination, Pap smear, and testicular examinations. The parents require screenings that include pelvic exam, Pap smear, testicular, breast examination, and cholesterol check. The grandparents require screenings that include prostate screening, mammography, full body scan, and colonoscopy.
Health Model
The selected model to guide the plan of action for the interviewed family is health belief model. Health belief model can be utilized to understand and predict the ability of individuals to change their health-related behaviors. The model focuses on transforming the beliefs that individuals have towards their health and health behaviors for them to embrace the needed lifestyle and behavioral modifications. By focusing on influencing factors such as perceived threat to sickness, severity, susceptibility, benefits, and cues to action, healthcare providers can inspire sustained behavioral change among individuals at risk of health problems (Liu et al., 2021). Consequently, it makes the health belief model an effective theory that can be used to achieve sustained positive behavioral change in the family.
Steps for Family-Centered Health Promotion
The health belief model provides insights into the steps that can be utilized to deliver family-centered health promotion. One of the steps is open communication. Open communication among family members and healthcare providers contribute to trust and honesty. It also empowers the vulnerable to embrace positive behaviors that will contribute to their health (Kıssal & Kartal, 2019). The second step is recognizing the importance of the family. Families exist as unique entities with members having interrelated relationships. As a result, the model leverages the need for active involvement of the family members in the exploration of health issues facing them and interventions to prevent and manage them. The other strategy is health education. Health education creates awareness among the family members about the need for lifestyle and behavioral transformation. Through it, family members are empowered to play a proactive role in addressing their health needs. The last strategy from the model is the use of family appropriate interventions to promote their health. The model asserts that the interventions for health promotion should be culturally appropriate and adaptive (Liu et al., 2021). They should be relevant to the actual and potential needs of the family members to enhance their use and promotion of health.
Conclusion
Overall, social determinants of health have critical effect on the health of families. Social determinants of health such as level of education, employment status, and income influence the access to and utilization of care services. The health belief model can be used to promote the desired behaviors in the family. The strategies of the model guide the implementation of sustainable strategies that would enhance the health, wellbeing, and understanding of the family on issues affecting them.
References
Donkin, A., Goldblatt, P., Allen, J., Nathanson, V., & Marmot, M. (2018). Global action on the social determinants of health. BMJ Global Health, 3(Suppl 1), e000603. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000603
Hill-Briggs, F., Adler, N. E., Berkowitz, S. A., Chin, M. H., Gary-Webb, T. L., Navas-Acien, A., Thornton, P. L., & Haire-Joshu, D. (2021). Social Determinants of Health and Diabetes: A Scientific Review. Diabetes Care, 44(1), 258–279. https://doi.org/10.2337/dci20-0053
Kıssal, A., & Kartal, B. (2019). Effects of Health Belief Model-Based Education on Health Beliefs and Breast Self-Examination in Nursing Students. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 6(4), 403–410. https://doi.org/10.4103/apjon.apjon_17_19
Liu, C., Chen, X., Huang, M., Xie, Q., Lin, Q., Chen, S., & Shi, D. (2021). Effect of Health Belief Model Education on Increasing Cognition and Self-Care Behaviour among Elderly Women with Malignant Gynaecological Tumours in Fujian, China. Journal of Healthcare Engineering, 2021, e1904752. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/1904752
Palmer, R. C., Ismond, D., Rodriquez, E. J., & Kaufman, J. S. (2019). Social Determinants of Health: Future Directions for Health Disparities Research. American Journal of Public Health, 109(S1), S70–S71. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2019.304964
Sample Answer 3 for NRS 429 Family Assessment Part II
The promotion of optimum health outcomes and wellbeing of families and communities is an important role for nurses. Nurses utilize family-centered, evidence-based interventions that ensure efficiency, quality, and safety in practice. Issues such as social determinants of health may act as barriers to accessing and utilizing quality healthcare services by family members (Hill-Briggs et al., 2020). Therefore, this paper examines the social determinants of health that were identified from the selected family, age-appropriate screenings, health model, and steps for family-centered health promotion.
Social Determinants of Health
Social determinants of health refer to the conditions that affect the health, access to health care services and their utilization by different populations. They encompass the conditions where individuals were born, grew, reside, work in their daily lives, and age. The assessment of Mr. Shawn’s family revealed some social determinants of health that affect them. One of them is knowledge about health issues affecting them (Hill-Briggs et al., 2020). Mr. Shawn’s family suffers from health problems that include diabetes, hypertension, and obesity. The interview conducted with the family revealed that the family engaged in unhealthy dietary habits before Mr. Shawn’s diagnosis of hypertension and diabetes. Their daughter is also obese due to poor dietary habits and sedentary lifestyles. Mr. Shawn’s family health problems are largely attributable to lack of knowledge about the importance of healthy lifestyles and behaviors (Sokol et al., 2019).
The other social determinant of health evident in the family is the lack of social support system for Mr. Shawn’s daughter. The interview revealed that despite being obese, the daughter does not want to engage in active physical activity and transforming her lifestyles and behaviors due to low self-esteem. The implication of this is that the family and the society lack adequate social support systems to help people like Shawn’s daughter have a sense of identity and engage in activities that promote her health. Social support systems are important in helping the vulnerable and the affected feel accepted in their society as well as encouraging them engage in activities that promote their optimum health and wellbeing (Sokol et al., 2019).
The other social determinant of health identified from the family assessment is socioeconomic status. Mr. Shawn’s family is a middle-income family. Family’s socioeconomic status affects the affordability and utilization of high-quality healthcare services for its members. Issues such as medical insurance coverage for the family members also affect access to healthcare services (Hill-Briggs et al., 2020). However, being a middle-income family, Shawn’s family may experience minimal challenges in accessing the care that they need for different health problems affecting its members. Therefore, interventions that address the above social determinants of health should be adopted to ensure the optimum health and wellbeing of the family members.
Age-Appropriate Screenings
Screening is an important approach to promoting the health of the population. It facilitates early detection and prevention of health problems. Each of the members in Shawn’s families should undergo specific, age-appropriate screenings. For instance, Mr. Shawn should undergo breast, colorectal, testicular, prostate, and skin cancer screenings annually for his health promotion. He should also undergo eye, foot, and dental checkups to detect and prevent potential health problems. Mrs. Shawn should also undergo screenings that include cervical, breast, and skin cancer due to her increased predisposition due to the advancing age. She should also undergo bone examination, eye, dental, hypertension, diabetes, cholesterol, and pelvic screenings. Amanda’s age-appropriate screenings include eye, hearing, blood pressure, diabetes, skin, weight, and dental screening. Similarly, John’s age-appropriate screenings include eye, dental, weight, and hearing screenings (Murphey & Bartlett, 2019). These age-appropriate screenings are important to enable early detection and treatment or prevention of potential health problems that could affect the family members.
Health Model
Health belief model is effective for use in assisting the family to create a plan of action to meet their health needs. The model is effective in guiding health promotion as well as disease prevention interventions in populations. Nurses utilize it to explain and predict the potential for behavioral change in a population. The model focuses on aspects that include individual’s beliefs about their health problems and factors that influence their health behaviors. The factors include perceived threat to a disease, perceived severity, perceived benefits, and barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy to engaging in the desired lifestyle and behavioral changes that promote health (McArthur et al., 2018).
Mr. Shawn’s family is likely to engage in health promotion and disease prevention activities due to their understanding of the perceived susceptibility to lifestyle and behavioral health problems, perceived severity, benefits, and cues to actions that they need to promote their health. Health belief model is appropriate for the family because it facilitates incremental introduction of change. It encourages family members to explore their abilities in achieving the desired behavioral outcomes, identifying barriers, and collectively developing plans to achieving sustained change for health promotion (Sulat et al., 2018). It also addresses the individual issues and needs that should be achieved in health promotion initiatives.
Steps for a Family Centered Health Promotion
The steps for family-centered health promotion utilizing health belief model follow those of the nursing process. They include assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation. The assessment stage entails obtaining data from the family members about their health status. The nurse obtains data from the six components of the model such as perceived susceptibility, benefits, barriers, severity, self-efficacy, and cues to action. The nurse uses this data to formulate appropriate nursing diagnoses for the family. She then involves the family in developing family-appropriate and individualized plans that address their health needs. The nurse also involves the family implementing the strategies and monitors them for the effective implementation and the realization of the desired outcomes (Saghafi-Asl et al., 2020). Evaluation provides the nurse and the family insights into their abilities in meeting the set goals and additional ways to achieve optimum health outcomes through behavioral and lifestyle changes.
Conclusion
In summary, social determinants of health affect Mr. Shawn’s family access to and utilization of healthcare services. Each of Mr. Shawn’s family members have age-appropriate screenings that should be undertaken for their health promotion. Health belief model can be utilized to assist the family to achieve its desired health-related outcomes. The model also provides steps adopted from the nursing process, which can be used to develop family-centered initiatives to address the health needs of the family members.
References
Hill-Briggs, F., Adler, N. E., Berkowitz, S. A., Chin, M. H., Gary-Webb, T. L., Navas-Acien, A., Thornton, P. L., & Haire-Joshu, D. (2020). Social Determinants of Health and Diabetes: A Scientific Review. Diabetes Care, 44(1), 258–279. https://doi.org/10.2337/dci20-0053
McArthur, L. H., Riggs, A., Uribe, F., & Spaulding, T. J. (2018). Health belief model offers opportunities for designing weight management interventions for college students. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 50(5), 485–493.
Murphey, D., & Bartlett, J. D. (2019). Childhood adversity screenings are just one part of an effective policy response to childhood trauma. Child Trends, 2019–19.
Saghafi-Asl, M., Aliasgharzadeh, S., & Asghari-Jafarabadi, M. (2020). Factors influencing weight management behavior among college students: An application of the Health Belief Model. PloS One, 15(2), e0228058.
Sokol, R., Austin, A., Chandler, C., Byrum, E., Bousquette, J., Lancaster, C., Doss, G., Dotson, A., Urbaeva, V., Singichetti, B., Brevard, K., Wright, S. T., Lanier, P., & Shanahan, M. (2019). Screening Children for Social Determinants of Health: A Systematic Review. Pediatrics, 144(4), e20191622. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2019-1622
Sulat, J. S., Prabandari, Y. S., Sanusi, R., Hapsari, E. D., & Santoso, B. (2018). The validity of health belief model variables in predicting behavioral change: A scoping review. Health Education.