NRS 429 Family Assessment Part II

Grand Canyon University NRS 429 Family Assessment Part II– Step-By-Step Guide

This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Grand Canyon University NRS 429 Family Assessment Part II  assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.

How to Research and Prepare for NRS 429 Family Assessment Part II     

Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Grand Canyon University NRS 429 Family Assessment Part II depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.

After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.

How to Write the Introduction for NRS 429 Family Assessment Part II     

The introduction for the Grand Canyon University NRS 429 Family Assessment Part II  is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.

How to Write the Body for NRS 429 Family Assessment Part II     

After the introduction, move into the main part of the NRS 429 Family Assessment Part II assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.

Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.

How to Write the Conclusion for NRS 429 Family Assessment Part II     

After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.

How to Format the References List for NRS 429 Family Assessment Part II     

The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.

Stuck? Let Us Help You

Completing assignments can sometimes be overwhelming, especially with the multitude of academic and personal responsibilities you may have. If you find yourself stuck or unsure at any point in the process, don’t hesitate to reach out for professional assistance. Our assignment writing services are designed to help you achieve your academic goals with ease. 

Our team of experienced writers is well-versed in academic writing and familiar with the specific requirements of the NRS 429 Family Assessment Part II assignment. We can provide you with personalized support, ensuring your assignment is well-researched, properly formatted, and thoroughly edited. Get a feel of the quality we guarantee – ORDER NOW. 

Sample Answer for NRS 429 Family Assessment Part II

Family Assessment Part II 

Social determinants of health are factors within one’s family and community that affect their access to healthcare services. Arthur’s family was interviewed in the previous project. The assessment showed the existence of significant health-related needs for the family. Nurses and other healthcare providers should collaborate with the family in developing healthcare plans to transform their lifestyles and behaviors. Therefore, this paper examines the social determinants of health affecting Arthur’s family, age-appropriate screenings for the family members, and appropriate health model that can be used to develop a plan of care for the family.  

Social Determinants of Health Affecting the Family 

As noted above, social determinants of health are factors within one’s environment that influence their access to healthcare services. The factors include those in places where one was born, work, grew, aged, and died. The interview with Arthur’s family showed the existence of several social determinants of health affecting them. One of them is the lack of awareness about their health needs. Education is an important aspect in health that increase population’s awareness about health risks and how to avoid them. However, Arthur’s family is not aware of the health risks associated with sedentary lifestyles. The family members rarely engage in active physical activity despite being obese and Arthur suffering from hypertension (CDC, 2022). Arthur and his son consume high amount of high calorie foods, which increases their risk of health complications such as cancer, hypertension, diabetes, and stroke. Therefore, their lack of awareness about the health risks of their lifestyles and behaviors is a crucial determinant of the family’s health. 

The other social determinant of health seen in Arthur’s family is the affordability of healthcare services. Despite Arthur and his son suffering from hypertension and obesity respectively, they rarely visit the hospital for assessment and treatment. The family noted experiencing financial hardships, which makes it difficult for them to access and utilize the healthcare services that they need. The American healthcare system is among the most expensive in the world (Palmer et al., 2019). As a result, families from low socioeconomic backgrounds often experience challenges in affording the healthcare services they need for their health and wellbeing.  

The other social determinant of health evidence from the family assessment is social and community contexts. Arthur’s family demonstrated the lack of adequate family support system during the assessment. This could be seen from the family members failing to provide their daughter her desired social support when she experienced a relationship failure. The family also does not discuss about issues related to sexuality and relationship due to the influence of their religious beliefs (Palmer et al., 2019). The wider social and community system also does not support healthy habits for its members. This can be seen from the easy access to fast foods for the family members and the lack of community systems to increase the population’s awareness about the importance of healthy lifestyles and behaviors (CDC, 2022). Therefore, Arthur’s family social and community contexts act as their social determinants of health.  

Age-Appropriate Screenings 

Arthur’s family members should utilize different age-appropriate screenings for their health promotion. The age-appropriate screenings for John Arthur include eye examinations, hearing tests, blood pressure screening, skin, dental, and testicular examinations. Age-appropriate screenings for Cate Arthur includes skin, dental, blood pressure, hearing, and eye examinations. The age-appropriate screenings for Chris Arthur includes eye, blood pressure, hearing, dental, and skin examinations. Mr. Arthur’s age-appropriate screenings include blood pressure, testicular, blood glucose, cholesterol, colonoscopy, and prostate screening tests. The age-appropriate screenings for Mrs. Arthur include ovarian cancer screening, mammography, bone density, cholesterol, blood glucose, blood pressure, pelvic, and cervical cancer screenings (Fragala et al., 2019). These screenings are important for early detection and prevention of potential health problems that may affect the family members.  

Health Model for the Family 

A health model that can be adopted to assist in creating a plan of action for the Arthur’s family is the transtheoretical model. Transtheoretical model is a theory of change used to facilitate behavioral change among the target populations. It promotes long-term behavioral change through multiple adaptions and actions over time. The model postulates that people are in different stages of readiness to embrace healthy lifestyles and behaviors (Castrucci & Auerbach, 2019). As a result, the nurse should create awareness about the change and provide enabling factors for the process. The transtheoretical model asserts that change occurs in steps that include precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance. This model is appropriate for the family since it will promote sustained lifestyle and behavioral change among the family members (Pennington, 2021). Since change occurs in steps, it would be possible to implement strategies that will prevent family members from relapsing to their unhealthy habits.  

Steps for a Family-Centered Health Promotion 

The transtheoretical model provides several steps that must occur for the delivery of family-centered health promotion. The nurse should create awareness among the family members for the change in the precontemplation stage (Pennington, 2021). The family members should be made to understand the health risks associated with their behaviors and the need for a change. The nurse should facilitate them to develop interest in changing their behaviors in the contemplation stage. She should also help them to explore strategies that they need for their optimum health and wellbeing in the preparation stage (Liu et al., 2018). The nurse should then guide them in implementing new, healthy lifestyles and behaviors in the action phase. The focus is on ensuring incremental adoption of healthy lifestyles and behaviors and assisting the family members not to relapse to their unhealthy behaviors. The last stage in creating sustainable change is maintenance where family members have stabilized the desired healthy behaviors (Prochaska, 2020). Therefore, the transtheoretical model of change provides an effective approach to assisting the family achieve their desired health promotion goals.  

Conclusion 

Overall, Arthur’s family experiences significant social determinants of health that affect their healthcare access and health-related outcomes. The nurse should work with the family in identifying the effective ways to promote the optimum health of the family members. The transtheoretical model of change can be applied in assisting the family to achieve its health promotion goals. The model provides steps for achieve sustained behavioral change in the family.  

References 

Castrucci, B., & Auerbach, J. (2019). Meeting individual social needs falls short of addressing social determinants of health. Health Affairs Blog, 10(10.1377). 

CDC. (2022, May 9). Social Determinants of Health | NCHHSTP | CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/socialdeterminants/index.html 

Fragala, M. S., Shiffman, D., & Birse, C. E. (2019). Population health screenings for the prevention of chronic disease progression. Am. J. Manag. Care, 25, 548–553. 

Liu, K. T., Kueh, Y. C., Arifin, W. N., Kim, Y., & Kuan, G. (2018). Application of transtheoretical model on behavioral changes, and amount of physical activity among university’s students. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 2402. 

Palmer, R. C., Ismond, D., Rodriquez, E. J., & Kaufman, J. S. (2019). Social Determinants of Health: Future Directions for Health Disparities Research. American Journal of Public Health, 109(S1), S70–S71. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2019.304964 

Pennington, C. G. (2021). Applying the transtheoretical model of behavioral change to establish physical activity habits. Journal of Education and Recreation Patterns, 2(1). 

Prochaska, J. O. (2020). Transtheoretical model of behavior change. Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine, 2266–2270. 

Sample Answer 2 for NRS 429 Family Assessment Part II

Family Assessment II 

The health and wellbeing of families depend largely on the social and environmental factors in their communities. Social and environmental factors influence the access to and utilization of healthcare services. They act as critical determinants that can either enhance or hinder the utilization of healthcare services and health outcomes of individuals with different health needs. Therefore, this paper explores the social determinants of health, age appropriate screenings and health model that can be utilized to ensure family-centered health promotion for the family interviewed in assessment one.  

Social Determinants of Health 

Social determinants of health are non-medical factors that play a role in influencing the health outcomes of individuals, families and communities. They mainly refer to the conditions where individuals are born, work, grow, live and age (Hill-Briggs et al., 2021). The assessment with the family showed a number of social determinants that influence its health. One of them is the level of income. Income is a critical determinant of health, as it influences access and affordability of care. Income also influences the affordability of health insurance programs that in turn helps lower the costs of care (Palmer et al., 2019). Income appeared to affect the health status of the family. It affected the family’s affordability of healthy diets, utilization of screening services and treatment services for the different health problems affecting the family members.  

The other social determinant of health identified in the family during the interview is education. Education influences the awareness of individuals to healthy lifestyles and behaviors. It influences the uptake of services such as screening and treatment services for health problems. Education also influences other predictors of health and wellbeing such as employment status and level of income (Donkin et al., 2018). The interviewed family had well-educated members. The husband and wife were educated and working while children are in the university. The benefit of education could be seen from their increased utilization of preventive and health promotion services such as screening and treatment of diseases to prevent their progression and worsening of symptoms.  

The other social determinant identified in the family is unemployment. While the parents of the family were employed, they experienced a high dependency rate from the other family members (Hill-Briggs et al., 2021). The interview showed that the grandparents and children depend largely on the little income from the parents, which affect their overall health and wellbeing. The high rate of dependency affects affordability of healthcare services as well as healthy diets for the family, hence, its health and wellbeing. The other social determinant identified from the interview is food insecurity. Adequate, healthy food is important for the promotion of the health and wellbeing of families and communities (Palmer et al., 2019). Healthy foods prevent health problems such as obesity and malnutrition in the community. The interviewed family reported that despite having access to healthy foods, affording them was a challenge. As a result, they were predisposed to making unhealthy food choices in some situations, which affects their health and wellbeing.  

The last social determinant of health identified from the interview with the family is housing. Safe housing is important for the promotion of health of the families. The housing conditions such as hygiene, aeration and space should promote the health and wellbeing of the occupants. The environment should also be clean to minimize the exposure of the family members to disease causing organisms (Donkin et al., 2018). The interviewed family lives in a healthy environment and housing. As a result, they have minimal exposure to environmental hazards that could predispose them to health problems.  

Age Appropriate Screenings 

Screening is an important tool utilized for primary prevention. It facilitates early identification and management of potentially life threatening health problems such as obesity, diabetes, heart disease and cancer among others. Each of the family members in the interviewed family has age-appropriate screenings that they need. The appropriate screenings for all the family members irrespective of their ages include weight, blood pressure, blood glucose levels, eye and ear, cholesterol, and skin screenings for pathological lesions. The children require additional screenings that include breast examination, Pap smear, and testicular examinations. The parents require screenings that include pelvic exam, Pap smear, testicular, breast examination, and cholesterol check. The grandparents require screenings that include prostate screening, mammography, full body scan, and colonoscopy.  

Health Model 

The selected model to guide the plan of action for the interviewed family is health belief model. Health belief model can be utilized to understand and predict the ability of individuals to change their health-related behaviors. The model focuses on transforming the beliefs that individuals have towards their health and health behaviors for them to embrace the needed lifestyle and behavioral modifications. By focusing on influencing factors such as perceived threat to sickness, severity, susceptibility, benefits, and cues to action, healthcare providers can inspire sustained behavioral change among individuals at risk of health problems (Liu et al., 2021). Consequently, it makes the health belief model an effective theory that can be used to achieve sustained positive behavioral change in the family.  

Steps for Family-Centered Health Promotion 

The health belief model provides insights into the steps that can be utilized to deliver family-centered health promotion. One of the steps is open communication. Open communication among family members and healthcare providers contribute to trust and honesty. It also empowers the vulnerable to embrace positive behaviors that will contribute to their health (Kıssal & Kartal, 2019). The second step is recognizing the importance of the family. Families exist as unique entities with members having interrelated relationships. As a result, the model leverages the need for active involvement of the family members in the exploration of health issues facing them and interventions to prevent and manage them. The other strategy is health education. Health education creates awareness among the family members about the need for lifestyle and behavioral transformation. Through it, family members are empowered to play a proactive role in addressing their health needs. The last strategy from the model is the use of family appropriate interventions to promote their health. The model asserts that the interventions for health promotion should be culturally appropriate and adaptive (Liu et al., 2021). They should be relevant to the actual and potential needs of the family members to enhance their use and promotion of health.  

Conclusion 

Overall, social determinants of health have critical effect on the health of families. Social determinants of health such as level of education, employment status, and income influence the access to and utilization of care services. The health belief model can be used to promote the desired behaviors in the family. The strategies of the model guide the implementation of sustainable strategies that would enhance the health, wellbeing, and understanding of the family on issues affecting them.  

References 

Donkin, A., Goldblatt, P., Allen, J., Nathanson, V., & Marmot, M. (2018). Global action on the social determinants of health. BMJ Global Health, 3(Suppl 1), e000603. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000603 

Hill-Briggs, F., Adler, N. E., Berkowitz, S. A., Chin, M. H., Gary-Webb, T. L., Navas-Acien, A., Thornton, P. L., & Haire-Joshu, D. (2021). Social Determinants of Health and Diabetes: A Scientific Review. Diabetes Care, 44(1), 258–279. https://doi.org/10.2337/dci20-0053 

Kıssal, A., & Kartal, B. (2019). Effects of Health Belief Model-Based Education on Health Beliefs and Breast Self-Examination in Nursing Students. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 6(4), 403–410. https://doi.org/10.4103/apjon.apjon_17_19 

Liu, C., Chen, X., Huang, M., Xie, Q., Lin, Q., Chen, S., & Shi, D. (2021). Effect of Health Belief Model Education on Increasing Cognition and Self-Care Behaviour among Elderly Women with Malignant Gynaecological Tumours in Fujian, China. Journal of Healthcare Engineering, 2021, e1904752. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/1904752 

Palmer, R. C., Ismond, D., Rodriquez, E. J., & Kaufman, J. S. (2019). Social Determinants of Health: Future Directions for Health Disparities Research. American Journal of Public Health, 109(S1), S70–S71. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2019.304964 

NRS 429 Health Promotion in Minority Populations

Health Promotion in Minority Populations 

Minority populations in the United States (US) often face numerous socioeconomic, cultural, and sociopolitical factors when accessing health care, which contributes to poor health status. Challenges in accessing health care have significantly contributed to high prevalence rates of non-communicable diseases and mental health issues in minority populations. Health providers need to promote culturally appropriate care when interacting with patients from minority populations. Cultural beliefs and practices should be incorporated into the care plan and in health promotion activities to promote culturally sensitive care. This paper will analyze the health status of Asian Americans, including the health status, health disparities, barriers to healthcare, and health promotion activities practiced by the population. 

Asian Americans 

Asian Americans are a heterogeneous group in the US who trace their origin to Asian countries that is Southeast Asia, the Far East, or the Indian subcontinent. The largest Asian groups include Filipinos, Chinese, Indians, Korean, Japanese, and Vietnamese (Wu & Bakos, 2017). As per the 2010 US census, there were 17,320,856 Asian Americans who included Multiracial Americans who identified themselves as partially Asian (Wu & Bakos, 2017). Based on this number, Asian Americans comprise 5.6% of the total US population (Wu & Bakos, 2017). A majority of Asians are highly urbanized and live in California and Western states. They are generally well-educated and higher than average incomes. 

According to the Census Bureau projections in 2015, the average life expectancy of Asian Americans was at 79.9 years, with females at 82.0 years and males at 77.5 years. Asians have a high risk of heart disease, stroke, cancer, diabetes, and unintentional injuries (Mui et al., 2017). Asian men have a higher risk of diabetes and heart disease than women with heart disease being a leading cause of mortality among Filipino, Japanese, and Indian males.  They also have a high prevalence of Hepatitis B, HIV/AIDS, liver disease, Tuberculosis, and COPD. A 2017 report showed that TB is 35 times more prevalent among Asian Americans with a prevalence rate of 17.7 while Whites had a TB incidence of 0.5. 

Health Disparities for Asian Americans 

Asian American is only US racial group that have cancer as the leading cause of mortality. Asians have the highest prevalence and mortality rates of preventable cancers, such as stomach and liver cancer, primarily due to the high rates of stomach and liver infection such as Hepatitis B (Mui et al., 2017). They lead to low cancer screening rates, which results in late diagnosis compared to other racial groups. Despite the high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, there has been insufficient research on the conditions conducted on each Asian American sub-ethnic group (Yoo et al., 2015). Besides, not all sub-groups have the same prevalence rates of cardiovascular diseases, and in-depth research must be done to guide in prevention and interventions. 

More than half of Asians with Diabetes are not aware they have the condition due to lack of screening. Besides, Asians have a higher likelihood of developing Type-2 diabetes compared to whites regardless of their low body weight and body mass index (Yoo et al., 2015).  They possess unique risk factors for diabetes, including differential body fat distribution, insulin resistance, genetics, diet high in carbohydrates and sodium, and physical inactivity. Furthermore, Asians have high suicidal rates, which is a leading cause of death among 20 to 24-year-olds. They have the highest suicide rates among women aged 65-84 in all racial groups in the US (Yoo et al., 2015).  Mental health disorders, particularly associated with depression, is a prevalent health disparity among the elderly Asians.  

Nutrition challenges for Asians include high sodium and carbohydrates consumption, which increases the risk of diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease (Firestone et al., 2017). The primary source of sodium consumed by Asians is from salt added during food preparation rather than from restaurant and packaged foods (Firestone et al., 2017). They also have a high consumption of traditional festival foods which are high in carbohydrates, sugar, fat, and animal protein, 

Barriers to Health 

Language is one of the most formidable cultural barriers to accessing health care among Asian Americans, especially immigrants and the elderly. A majority of Asians with no English proficiency face barriers in seeking health care, such as making appointments, communicating with providers, and understanding health education information (Yoo et al., 2015). Lack of health insurance is a major socioeconomic barrier to health care among Asian Americans. According to the 2017 Census Bureau population, Asians had overall private insurance coverage of 73.7% compared to 75.4% for Non-Hispanic whites (Wu & Bakos, 2017). Besides, 6.6% of Asians had no insurance, while non-Hispanic whites had 5.9%. 

Health literacy is a major issue related to education that is a significant barrier to health for Asian Americans. This impedes them form reading and understanding the content in the context of particular health situations (Yoo et al., 2015). These situations include being able to understand appointment slips, education fliers, prescriptions, consent forms, physicians’ instructions, and the complex healthcare system. The immigrant status of Asians is a significant sociopolitical factor that impedes them from accessing health services. This is because immigration status is a major criterion for healthcare benefits in the US. Consequently, immigrant Asians with no migration documents face more barriers than documented immigrants in accessing health care and benefits such as government insurance (Mui et al., 2017). Besides, illegal Asian immigrants cannot obtain jobs that provide health insurance or purchase private insurance policies, which further add to their health access challenges.  

Health Promotion Activities by Asian Americans 

Most Asian sub-groups use alternative or complementary therapies to promote health and cure common ailments. Home remedies and Chinese medicine are often used in addition to or in place of Western medicine (Ponce, Scheitler & Shimkhada, 2018). Meditation is a common practice among Buddhist communities used to alleviate stress and is recommended to persons with mental health issues (Ponce, Scheitler & Shimkhada, 2018). Meditation has been attributed to the low prevalence of anxiety, stress, and mental illness among the communities. Ayurvedic medicine is common among Indians where they use herbs, mineral, and animal origin, which are believed to have medicinal value (Ponce, Scheitler & Shimkhada, 2018). Chinese Americans commonly use Chinese medicine. It consists of various treatments such as herbal remedies, massage, and acupuncture used as home remedies for their therapeutic properties. 

Health Promotion Approach 

The identified health need of Asian Americans is chronic illnesses such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and diabetes. The primary prevention approach would involve raising awareness and knowledge on health issues that disproportionately affect the Asian Americans to the specific community. The approach will entail increasing awareness to the racial group on the importance of regular screening for prevalent conditions such as Hepatitis B, HIV/AIDS, and cancers. It will also include providing health education on the significance of blood glucose screening to detect diabetes and raising awareness of regular screening for cardiovascular-related diseases. There will be provision of culturally and linguistically appropriate informational materials on management of cardiovascular diseases. This will be the most effective approach since Asian Americans have low screening rates and are often diagnosed when the disease have progressed to advance stages (Ponce, Scheitler, & Shimkhada, 2018). The approach will also help them learn how to prevent and manage the prevalent chronic illnesses. 

Cultural Beliefs/Practices to Consider When Creating a Care Plan 

Cultural beliefs and practices of an ethnic group should always be considered in a care plan to promote culturally appropriate care.  Information on an ethnic group’s religious beliefs, health practices, dietary customs, and cultural rituals and practices should be obtained when developing a care plan to ensure it is culturally sensitive (Liu et al., 2015). An ideal cultural model that would best support culturally appropriate health promotion for Asian American would be the Purnell Model for Cultural Competence. The model guides in obtaining information and providing health education on twelve key cultural domains.  

The domains include heritage, family roles and organization, communication, high-risk behaviors, health care practices, bio-cultural ecology, spirituality, workforce issues, pregnancy, nutrition, health care professionals, and death rituals (Liu et al., 2015). The model can guide in understanding the risky behaviors that cause diseases among Asians and use the information to guide health promotion activities (Liu et al., 2015). It can also help to identify healthy practices, nutrition, and spirituality of the ethnic group and incorporate this in the health promotion.  

Conclusion 

Asian Americans refer to Americans who trace their origin to Asian countries. The common conditions among Asians include Hepatitis B, liver disease, Tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, stomach and liver cancers, Diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and COPD. Despite the prevalence of these diseases, the population has low screening rates. Besides, Asians face health disparities, including chronic illnesses such as cancer, hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, and mental health, particularly among the elderly. Barriers to care for the minority group include language barriers, lack of insurance, low health literacy levels, and illegal immigrant status. Asians’ health promotion activities are mostly home remedies of traditional medicine used in the prevention and management of common ailments.   

References 

Firestone, M. J., Beasley, J. M., Kwon, S. C., Ahn, J., Trinh-Shevrin, C., & Yi, S. S. (2017). Asian American Dietary sources of sodium and salt behaviors compared with other racial/ethnic groups, NHANES, 2011-2012. Ethnicity & disease, 27(3), 241–248. https://doi.org/10.18865/ed.27.3.241 

Liu, J. J., Davidson, E., Bhopal, R., White, M., Johnson, M., Netto, G., & Sheikh, A. (2015). Adapting health promotion interventions for ethnic minority groups: a qualitative study. Health promotion international, 31(2), 325-334. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/dau105 

Mui, P., Bowie, J. V., Juon, H. S., & Thorpe, R. J., Jr (2017). Ethnic group differences in health outcomes among Asian American men in California. American journal of men’s health, 11(5), 1406–1414. https://doi.org/10.1177/1557988316664508 

Ponce, N., Scheitler, A. J., & Shimkhada, R. (2018). Understanding the culture of health for Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islanders (AANHPIs): What do population-based health surveys across the nation tell us about the state of data disaggregation for AANHPIs? Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. 

Wu, S., & Bakos, A. (2017). The Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander National Health Interview Survey: Data collection in small populations. Public Health Reports, 132(6), 606-608. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0033354917729181 

Yoo, G. J., Musselman, E., Lee, Y. S. & Yee-Melichar, D. (2015). Addressing health disparities among older Asian Americans: Data and diversity. Generations, 38(4), 74.