NRS 434 Describe the characteristics of the aging process

Grand Canyon University NRS 434 Describe the characteristics of the aging process-Step-By-Step Guide

This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Grand Canyon University NRS 434 Describe the characteristics of the aging process assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.

How to Research and Prepare for NRS 434 Describe the characteristics of the aging process                            

Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Grand Canyon University NRS 434 Describe the characteristics of the aging process  depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.

After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.

How to Write the Introduction for NRS 434 Describe the characteristics of the aging process                          

The introduction for the Grand Canyon University NRS 434 Describe the characteristics of the aging process  is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.

How to Write the Body for NRS 434 Describe the characteristics of the aging process                          

After the introduction, move into the main part of the NRS 434 Describe the characteristics of the aging process  assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.

Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.

How to Write the Conclusion for NRS 434 Describe the characteristics of the aging process                          

After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.

How to Format the References List for NRS 434 Describe the characteristics of the aging process                            

The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.

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Sample Answer for NRS 434 Describe the characteristics of the aging process

Re: Topic 5 DQ 1

The aging process comes with multiple characteristics that affect different areas of the body. All systems are affected in one way or another which include the integumentary system which is visible by simply looking at a mature adult with wrinkles and thinning skin on the face, neck including noticeable age spots. It is also normal to see thinning of fingernails. An older adult can encounter issues with bowel and bladder as well. Other affected areas include the musculoskeletal system where a patient gait and functionality may have changes. The aging adult can become slower and have lower levels of activity. Also, cognitive status changes where organization may be impacted due to normal loss of memory (Green, 2018).

There are several characteristics that could impact an older adult which could potentially put them at risk for elder abuse which include cognitive decline, musculoskeletal weakness, and as well as a patient being hard of hearing or frail. All these impaired characteristics can place a patient in a safety risk of falls, impairment to the skin as well as physical abuse due to lack of cognition or awareness. A field of research looks at the caregiver stress model that revolves around the frail, dependent elderly patient with the demand and stress associated with the care rendered (Jackson &Hafemeister, 2013).

To effectively perform a geriatric patient assessment and considerations taken it is important to understand the comprehensive geriatric assessment which is designed specific for this population as the nurse will be in the center of the care planning for the patient. The consideration would include understanding the patient’s functional status, and quality of life. Understanding an aging person’s cognitive capacity to voluntarily participate in the process must be considered. Accounting a patient’s frailty, potential psychosocial issues, their ability to hear and respond including their current support system (Spirgiene& Brent, 2018). All these areas a nurse would need to be mindful of when performing an assessment of a geriatric patient.

Reference:

Green, S. (2018). Health promotion: Health & wellness across the continuum. https://lc.gcumedia.com/nrs434vn/health-assessment-foundations-for-effective-practice/v1.1/#/chapter/5

Jackson S. and Hafemeister T., (2013) Understanding the Causes of Elder Abuse NIJ publication https://nij.ojp.gov/topics/articles/causes-and-characteristics-elder-abuse

Spirgiene L. and Brent L. (2018) Chapter 4: Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment from a Nursing Perspective, Fragility Fracture Nursing: Holistic Care and Management of the Orthogeriatric Patient https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK543827/

Sample Answer 2 for NRS 434 Describe the characteristics of the aging process

Aging is a natural process of life. The final age group for psychosocial development is the ages of 65 years and older as explained by Erikson’s developmental stages. Several characteristics materializes during aging process which include physiological changes of the waning older adult, wrinkling skin, hard in hearing, decline in cognitive abilities, functional abilities, physical health, cognition, and quality of life. These changes make them target for elder abuse by caretakers or family. Particular attention should be paid to the changes of aging on the integumentary system; the head, neck, and face, and the musculoskeletal system and corresponding functional status (Cury&Lyder, 2016). Change is expected because of the aging process however, nurses should still consider what triggered the change. For example, skin wrinkles could be as a result of aging but can also experience changes because of dehydration, exposure to sunlight’s radiation and other environmental exposures, or as a result of person’s lifestyle. On the centrally, elder abuse which could be physical, sexual, emotional, or psychological is prevalent among this age group due to their vulnerability (WHO, 2018). Nurses may have the first contact with the abused elderly patient especially in the emergency department. Sometimes, the location of the injury provides clues for abuse detection (Rosen et al., 2016). The nurse needs to be proactive when encountering suspicious report and injury in elderly patients.

Reference

Cury, M. &Lyder, C.H. (2011). Geriatric assessment: Essential skills for nurses. American Nurse Today. 6(7). Retrieved from https://www.americannursetoday.com/geriatric-assessment-essential-skills-for-nurses.

Rosen, T., Bloemen, E.M., LoFaso, V.M., Clark, S., Flomenbaum, N.E., &Lachs, M.S. (2016). Emergency department presentations for injuries in older adults independently known to be victims of elder abuse. The journal of Emergency Medicine, 50,518-526. Doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2015.10.037

World Health Organization. (2018) Elder abuse. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/elder-abuse

Sample Answer 3 for NRS 434 Describe the characteristics of the aging process

Aging is characterized by dynamic changes in physiological, biological, psychological, environmental, behavioral, and social processes. Some changes are benign while others cause a decline in function of senses and activities of daily living and increased susceptibility to frailty, diseases, or disability (Flint & Tadi, 2020). Changes in the neurological system include cerebral atrophy and a reduced brain’s capacity to convey signals, which causes a decline in memory, cognition, intelligence, and learning (Amarya, Singh & Sabharwal, 2018).  Changes in the GI include changes in taste and smell, impaired gut motility, and intestinal microbiota abnormalities, which cause age-related anorexia. The smooth muscles in the intestinal tract also weaken, causing the development of diverticular (Flint & Tadi, 2020). Metabolic changes include a decreased metabolic activity, primarily in the liver, which results in alterations in drug metabolism.

Age-related changes in the cardiovascular system are due to a loss of cardioprotective and compensatory mechanisms that help prevent the development of adverse cardiac diseases. The changes include vascular stiffening, myocardial fibrosis, increased left ventricular wall thickness, and calcification of valves and their related structures (Flint & Tadi, 2020). Changes in the respiratory system are related to a loss of elasticity and decreased chest wall compliance. This results in increased work of breathing and an increased residual volume and functional residual capacity. Besides, aging is associated with reduced strength and function of respiratory muscles (Flint & Tadi, 2020). Musculoskeletal changes include a reduced muscle mass and changes in muscles, bones, and joints, resulting in height loss and reduced muscle strength.

Neurological changes predispose the elderly to neurodegenerative diseases, dementia, and Parkinson’s disease. The reduced cognitive function and memory changes increase the risk of forgery, theft, and deception. People usually close to the older adult take advantage of their cognitive decline to sell their properties and trick them into signing documents or forging their consents.  Musculoskeletal and neurocognitive changes limit the elderly persons’ capacity to carry out ADLs and often need help with these activities (Amarya et al., 2018). This puts them at risk of physical and sexual abuse and neglect by people supposed to care for them.

A health assessment of a geriatric patient should include a detailed history taking of the patient’s medical, surgical, and psychiatric history and therapies previously used. The nurse should inquire on the year of diagnosis of every chronic disease and note whether it has been controlled or uncontrolled over the years (Ward & Reuben, 2016). The nurse should also obtain a detailed social history that includes the patient’s living status, marriage status, caregiver, relationship with the caregiver, housing condition, support system, and community support resources available for the patient (Ward & Reuben, 2016). Furthermore, the nurse should evaluate the patient’s ability to carry out ADLs and the level of assistance required to perform each.  The nurse should assess the geriatric patient for sins of abuse and neglect (Ward & Reuben, 2016). A fall risk assessment should also be performed, guided by a bone mass density test. Geriatric patients are at risk of nutritional deficiency disorders and malnutrition, making it essential for the nurse to conduct a comprehensive nutrition assessment.

References

Amarya, S., Singh, K., & Sabharwal, M. (2018). Ageing Process and Physiological Changes. In Gerontology. IntechOpenhttps://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.76249

Flint, B., & Tadi, P. (2020). Physiology, Aging. StatPearls [Internet].

Ward, K. T., & Reuben, D. B. (2016). Comprehensive geriatric assessment. UpToDate, Waltham, MA. Accessed, 3(24), 20.