NRS 434 Describe warning signs and physical and emotional assessment findings the nurse may see that could indicate child abuse

Grand Canyon University NRS 434 Describe warning signs and physical and emotional assessment findings the nurse may see that could indicate child abuse-Step-By-Step Guide

This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Grand Canyon University NRS 434 Describe warning signs and physical and emotional assessment findings the nurse may see that could indicate child abuse assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.

How to Research and Prepare for NRS 434 Describe warning signs and physical and emotional assessment findings the nurse may see that could indicate child abuse                            

Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Grand Canyon University NRS 434 Describe warning signs and physical and emotional assessment findings the nurse may see that could indicate child abuse  depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.

After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.

How to Write the Introduction for NRS 434 Describe warning signs and physical and emotional assessment findings the nurse may see that could indicate child abuse                          

The introduction for the Grand Canyon University NRS 434 Describe warning signs and physical and emotional assessment findings the nurse may see that could indicate child abuse  is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.

How to Write the Body for NRS 434 Describe warning signs and physical and emotional assessment findings the nurse may see that could indicate child abuse                          

After the introduction, move into the main part of the NRS 434 Describe warning signs and physical and emotional assessment findings the nurse may see that could indicate child abuse  assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.

Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.

How to Write the Conclusion for NRS 434 Describe warning signs and physical and emotional assessment findings the nurse may see that could indicate child abuse                          

After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.

How to Format the References List for NRS 434 Describe warning signs and physical and emotional assessment findings the nurse may see that could indicate child abuse                            

The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.

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Sample Answer for NRS 434 Describe warning signs and physical and emotional assessment findings the nurse may see that could indicate child abuse

Re: Topic 2 DQ 1

Child abuse is described as the intentional or unintentional damage (sexually, physically, or emotionally) of any child. Deprivation, ill-treatment, and neglect come under the umbrella of child abuse. Unexplained bruises and injuries, changes in behavior or dietary patterns, aggressive nature, or remaining silent are the signs of abuse. Unfortunately, child abuse is still prevalent across the world, especially in the United States. In 2019, there were approx 650000 documented occurrences of child abuse, with neglect being the most frequent kind of maltreatment in the United States. Child abuse knows no gender discrimination and the rates are almost similar between boys and girls. There is a positive relationship between official child abuse and environmental poverty in all racial/ethnic groups (Kim & Drake, 2018).

Child abuse among toddlers is very common. They are prone to physical, emotional, and sexual abuse. The signs of physical abuse are children returning home with unexplained injuries, bruises, abrasions, cuts, bite marks, or other physical signs. Repeated injuries of any kind might be a red flag. If there are changes in their typical behavior, such as being very irritable, anxious, furious, or silent, child abuse can be suspected. The signs of sexual abuse are genital discomfort, bruising in the genital areas, itching, bleeding, frequent urinary tract infections, and trouble walking or sitting due to genital or anal discomfort. Emotional abuse can be identified when the child exhibits signs of behavioral issues or changes, such as avoiding a parent’s attention, becoming excessively angry or despondent. Abused children frequently exhibit extreme behavior.

The nurse by taking a proper history from the child and parents and observing the signs as mentioned above can rule out abuse.

Many cultural practices are prevalent in various countries and can be misidentified as abuse. Coining is practiced in South East Asian countries in which the kin that has been greased with oil is scraped with a ceramic spoon, a worn coin (Vitale & Prasad, 2017). Moxibustion is another traditional Chinese therapeutic technique that originated in Asian medicine and included burning rolled pieces of moxa plant (Killon, 2017).

In my state (Florida), various abuse hotlines, toll-free numbers function 24 hours a day with the availability of counselors. The person reporting can contact and submit the details of the abuse. The complainant can register the complaint on https://reportabuse.dcf.state.fl.us/ also.

Killion, C. M. (2017). Cultural healing practices that mimic child abuse.

Kim, H., & Drake, B. (2018). Child maltreatment risk as a function of poverty and race/ethnicity
in the USA. International journal of epidemiology, 47(3), 780-787.

Vitale, S. A., & Prashad, T. (2017). Cultural awareness: coining and cupping. Int Arch Nurs Health Care, 3(3), 080.

Sample Answer 2 for NRS 434 Describe warning signs and physical and emotional assessment findings the nurse may see that could indicate child abuse

Infant and toddler abuse are very prevalent type of abuse that we see in children. Child abuse can include physical, sexual, or psychological abuse, or a combination of any of the three. It is important to access signs and symptoms of abuse in children because they might have effects later. Abuse might occur from home through caregivers or close family members. Risks associated with abuse of any kind include poverty, mental illness, and alcohol or substance abuse (Ho, Bettencourt & Gross, 2017). Toddlers who ae abused physically will have unexplained bruises, abrasions, burns, cuts, broken bones, black eyes, bite marks and other injuries that cannot be well accounted for

Emotionally this child will be very withdrawn and scared of their caregiver. They will have behavioral problems like acting angry and depressed, they will sometimes act very aggressively and in a demanding manner. Behavioral signs that could be indicative of abuse may include fearfulness, inappropriate sexual behavior, abnormal or irrational fears, and social withdrawal. (Lee, Lindberg, Frasier, & Hymel,2021). Doing a thorough assessment will help in identifying any abuse suspicions. The victims and caregivers in this case will be very reluctant to provide any information therefore Nurses should be able to make a judgement of their assessments and follow the correct reporting mechanism of suspected child abuse according to their state laws.

Cultures vary differently and what is acceptable in one culture might not be acceptable in another one. Some cultures spank their kids as a form of discipline and it is acceptable to them, other cultures will view that as abuse. Some cultures practice coining as a form of treating many illnesses but this could be mistaken for abuse. (Tan, & Mallika 2011). It is important to be culturally sensitive before making conclusions on about child abuse. It is our ethical duty as nurses to report child abuse, Ohio has a hotline that is confidential for reporting suspected child abuse.

References,

Ho, G. W. K., Bettencourt, A., & Gross, D. A. (2017). Reporting and identifying child physical abuse: How well are we doing? Research in Nursing and Health, 40(6), 519-527. doi:10.1002/nur.21818

Lee, G. S., Lindberg, D. M., Frasier, L. D., & Hymel, K. P. (2021). A changing history: When is it a red flag for child abuse? Child Abuse & Neglect, 117. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105077

TAN AK, & MALLIKA PS. (2011). Coining: An Ancient Treatment Widely Practiced among Asians. Malaysian Family Physician, 6(2&3), 97–98.

Sample Answer 3 for NRS 434 Describe warning signs and physical and emotional assessment findings the nurse may see that could indicate child abuse

Infants are particularly at a higher risk of child abuse and maltreatment due to their defencelessness and dependence on others as well as the intricate processes involved in their psychosocial, neurological, and cognitive development (GWIG, 2016). The most common types of abuse among infants include abusive head trauma from aggressive shaking (shaken baby syndrome), physical spanking (with bruises), burning, and falls from throwing or pushing (American Academy of Pediatrics, n.d.). Some of the infant abuses lead to fatalities, and in 78% of the cases, at least one parent is involved in the infant’s abuse (U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Administration on Children, Youth and Families, & Children’s Bureau, 2018).

Warning signs and emotional and physical assessment findings that may indicate child abuse in infants include: ominous watchfulness by the infant, looking away from parent/caregiver, passiveness, withdrawal, being overly compliant, developmental delays, and unaddressed bruises or injury marks in various stages of healing (Ho et al., 2017). In addition, signs of infant abuse may also be exhibited by the parent or adult caregiver, including denial or delay in seeking healthcare for infant injuries, blaming the infant for injuries or being burdensome, and little show of concern for the infant through touches or looks (GWIG, 2016). Some cultural practices that may be misidentified for abuse include the folk healing practice of cupping among some Chinese, Tibetian, and Middle Eastern cultural groups in which dry or wet cups are used for cupping therapy to suction the subcutaneous tissues underneath the skin (Lupariello et al., 2020).

In the state of Maryland, it is mandatory for registered nurses to report suspected child abuse based on professional judgment, even without proof, and any report made in good faith is immune from civil or criminal liability or penalty (MDHS, 2021). The process involves filing a report (DHR/SSA 180), notifying the local Child Protection Services department, and law enforcement (in the jurisdiction where the incident occurred) within 48 hours following a verbal report to the nursing supervisor. A copy of the DHR/SSA 180 form must also be forwarded to the State Attorney’s office, and the form should contain the name, age, and address of the child and the nature and extent of the abuse or neglect of the child.

References

American Academy of Pediatrics. (n.d.). Abusive head trauma (shaken baby syndrome). Retrieved from https://www.aap.org/en-us/about-the-aap/aap-press-room/aap-press-room-media-center/Pages/Abusive-Head-Trauma-Fact-Sheet.aspx#

Lupariello, F., Coppo, E., Cavecchia, I., Bosco, C., Bonaccurso, L., Urbino, A., Di Vella, G. (2020). Differential diagnosis between physical maltreatment and cupping practices in a suspected child abuse case. Forensic Sci Med Pathol. 16(1):188-190. doi: 10.1007/s12024-019-00155-w.

Child Welfare Information Gateway [GWIG]. (2016). Mandatory reporters of child abuse and neglect. Retrieved from https://www.childwelfare.gov/pubs/issue-briefs/brain-development/

Ho, G. K., Gross, D. A., & Bettencourt, A. (2017). Universal mandatory reporting policies and the odds of identifying child physical abuse. American Journal of Public Health, 107(5), 709-716. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2017.303667

Maryland Department of Human Services [MDHS]. (2021). Child protective services. https://dhs.maryland.gov/child-protective-services/reporting-suspected-child-abuse-or-neglect/mandated-reporters/

U.S. Department of Health & Human Services [USDHHS], Administration for Children and Families, Administration on Children, Youth and Families, & Children’s Bureau. (2018). Child maltreatment 2016. Washington, DC: Author. Retrieved from https://www.acf.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/cb/cm2016.pdf