NRS 440 Health Care Delivery Models and Nursing Practice
Grand Canyon University NRS 440 Health Care Delivery Models and Nursing Practice– Step-By-Step Guide
This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Grand Canyon University NRS 440 Health Care Delivery Models and Nursing Practice assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.
How to Research and Prepare for NRS 440 Health Care Delivery Models and Nursing Practice
Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Grand Canyon University NRS 440 Health Care Delivery Models and Nursing Practice depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.
After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.
How to Write the Introduction for NRS 440 Health Care Delivery Models and Nursing Practice
The introduction for the Grand Canyon University NRS 440 Health Care Delivery Models and Nursing Practice is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.
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How to Write the Body for NRS 440 Health Care Delivery Models and Nursing Practice
After the introduction, move into the main part of the NRS 440 Health Care Delivery Models and Nursing Practice assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.
Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.
How to Write the Conclusion for NRS 440 Health Care Delivery Models and Nursing Practice
After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.
How to Format the References List for NRS 440 Health Care Delivery Models and Nursing Practice
The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.
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Sample Answer for NRS 440 Health Care Delivery Models and Nursing Practice
The U.S. healthcare system continues to evolve through the implementation of healthcare delivery models based on emerging legislation and policies at the state and federal levels. These changes or reforms in healthcare focus on improving access to affordable and quality care to meet the rising demands. Factors like an aging population, availability of health information, and improved healthcare coverage through health insurance are increasing the demand for innovative models like value-based care as advanced by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) (Brooks-LaSure et al., 2021). The purpose of this paper is to discuss actions and reforms through current and emerging healthcare laws or federal regulations in the last five years to reform and restructure the system and nurses’ role within the changing landscape.
Health Care Law or Federal Regulation: Build Back Better Act (H.R. 5376)
The Build Back Better Act, H.R. 5376 is one of the most significant recent laws that encompasses key provisions affecting the healthcare sector and access to services for patients, families, and the health population. According to the Congressional Budget Office (CBO), three of its health provisions focus on reducing the number of uninsured Americans by 3.4 million. Fox et al. (2021) outline 11 major health coverage and financing provisions that the act focuses on to reform and restructure the healthcare sector. For instance, the American Hospital Association (AHA) (2021) observes that this legislation expands eligibility for and value of health insurance marketplace subsidies for more coverage. The legislation extends the eligibility using the American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA) to 2025. The legislation also affects the Medicare Part D program by reducing the cost of prescription drugs and spending and redesigning the benefits for those eligible (Human Rights Watch, 2021). The legislation also addresses the Medicaid coverage gap, especially for the states that have not adopted the Affordable Care Act (ACA) provisions to expand their Medicaid to adults who meet the eligibility criteria. As such, this emerging federal policy has far-reaching implications for the development of innovative care models among organizations to increase accessibility, improve quality, and reduce costs for millions to get care services.
The expansion of Medicaid and other aspects of care as envisioned in this law will affect nursing practice and nurse’s roles and responsibilities in various ways. Firstly, it implies that nursing practice will expand to accommodate the increased demand for care among different health populations and individuals. Secondly, the nursing practice should also focus on improving quality care by enhancing training and continuous learning for nurses to understand these trends and develop effective evidence-based approaches to care delivery. Advanced education and training allow nurses to respond to diverse patient needs and improve services by understanding their concerns. These changes also mean that nurses’ roles and responsibilities will expand to meet diverse needs (Nadash, 2022). For instance, nurses are increasingly specializing in various areas to cater to patients with chronic diseases, special needs, and different populations, from pediatrics to geriatrics and mental health care. Nurses in their practice should meet professional standards and comply with the regulations in light of the changing healthcare delivery system.
Quality Measures and Pay for Performance
Innovative care delivery models focus on the quality of care as opposed to the quantity delivered to patients. The shift encourages innovation through financial reimbursements and incentives, treatment in ambulatory settings, and more focus on preventive measures based on the social determinants of health. Quality measures improve patient safety through better interventions, especially those based on evidence (Brooks-LaSure et al., 2021). Quality measures use metrics to evaluate the quality of care patients get from providers. These measures may entail readmission rates, satisfaction levels among patients, mortality rates, nurse-to-patient ratios, and the rate of healthcare-acquired infections (HAIs). Through this approach, nurses and other healthcare providers can reduce costs, improve healthcare outcomes, and enhance patient engagement. They can also adequately allocate scarce resources for better healthcare delivery.
Performance pay is a value-based approach to care where providers get rewarded for satisfying set quality and efficient goals and benchmarks. Through pay-for-performance measures, nurses focus on patient-centered care and implement evidence-based practice interventions the expectation from these models is that nurses will participate in innovative approaches to enhance quality and use data to inform their practice decisions (Melles et al., 2021). Nurses should also collaborate with other professionals to enhance optimal care outcomes for patients by reducing harm through the prevention of medication errors, falls, infections, and other adverse events that impact patient safety.
Quality measures and pay for performance impact nursing practice, meaning that nurses will have expanded roles and responsibilities to meet patient needs. Nurses should be at the forefront of implementing recommended clinical practice guidelines and novel ways to offer patient care. They must also promote patient care and act as advocates for better care delivery (Sarkar et al., 2020). They should also improve satisfaction levels among patients and adhere to medical care standards and nursing ethics. These models implore nurses to ensure data integrity to enhance quality performance and better care provision for patients.
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Professional Nursing Leadership and Management Roles
The reforms and restructuring of the health sector imply emerging roles in nursing leadership and management to meet the trends. These managerial and specialist roles prepare nurse leaders and managers to influence and chart the way for their subordinates to integrate better interventions to improve patient safety and quality care (Wittman et al., 2021). For instance, the nurse executive role means that nurses assume the responsibility to guide care provision and be part of interdisciplinary teams in patient care. The nurse informaticist role also emerges as nurses specialize in integrating nursing science and computer science to interpret and analyze big data to provide patient solutions. As leaders, nurses should advocate better service delivery models for patients, improve welfare for colleagues, and influence policies aimed at expanding access to healthcare resources (Nadash, 2022). They should also be competent in their practice and specialties to increase patient confidence in their working and handling of patients.
These roles are essential for nurses to respond to the developing trends and promotion of patient safety. For instance, nurses learn innovative care models, leverage health technologies, and work in collaborative settings to deliver quality and safe patient care (Sarkar et al., 2020). They also practice independently based on their training and expertise to expand healthcare coverage to different patient populations, especially those with limited access to health services.
Emerging Trends and Transformation of Nursing Practice and Roles
Two current and critical trends to transform nursing practice and the role of nursing include increased integration of health technologies to expand access to care, and emerging and reemergence of infectious diseases that will impact nursing practice and roles. For instance, health technologies like artificial intelligence, telemedicine, precision medicine, and value-based interventions will enhance the role of nurses by imploring them to learn how to apply them to improve patient care and reduce workload. Robotics will carry out some of the nursing roles due to increasing care demand as more people become susceptible to chronic conditions due to aging (Tortorella, et al., 2020). These technologies will help nurses to offer quality and effective care by leveraging their capabilities. However, emerging and reemerging diseases will require nurses to take on additional roles and pursue specialty studies to enhance care delivery and implementation of evidence-based practice models (Gill et al., 2022). They also have to work as patient advocates, acquire disease surveillance skills, and focus more on primary health measures to prevent the spread of such conditions.
Conclusion
The significant transformation of the U.S. health system means that nurses will have expanded roles and responsibilities as they implement these provisions. The Build Back Better Act is a fundamental legislation that affects healthcare delivery through expanding access to quality and affordable care for millions of Americans. Nurses and the nursing practice must be prepared to leverage these provisions to enhance quality care delivery and patient safety.
References
American Hospital Association (AHA) (2021). House Passes Build Back Better Act with
Significant Health Care Provisions. https://www.aha.org/special-bulletin/2021-11-18-house-passes-build-back-better-act-significant-health-care-provisions
Brooks-LaSure, C., Fowler, E., Seshamani, M., & Tsai, D. (2021). Innovation at the Centers for
Medicare and Medicaid Services: a vision for the next 10 years. Health Affairs Forefront. https://www.cms.gov/blog/innovation-centers-medicare-and-medicaid-services-vision-next-10-years
Fox, C., Rudowitz, R., Cubanski, J., Pollitz, K., Musumeci, M. B., Ranji, U., Long, M., Freed,
M., & Neuman, T. (2021 November 23). Potential Costs and Impact of Health Provisions in the Build Back Better Act. https://www.kff.org/health-costs/issue-brief/potential-costs-and-impact-of-health-provisions-in-the-build-back-better-act/
Gill, S. S., Xu, M., Ottaviani, C., Patros, P., Bahsoon, R., Shaghaghi, A., … & Uhlig, S. (2022).
AI for next-generation computing: Emerging trends and future directions. Internet of Things, 19, 100514. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iot.2022.100514
Human Rights Watch (2021 December 20). US: Failure to Pass Build Back Better Act Imperils
Rights. https://www.hrw.org/news/2021/12/20/us-failure-pass-build-back-better-act-imperils-rights
Melles, M., Albayrak, A., & Goossens, R. (2021). Innovating health care: key characteristics of
human-centered design. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 33(Supplement_1), 37-44. doi: 10.1093/intqhc/mzaa127.
Nadash, P. (2022). The Implications of the Build Back Better Bill for Aging Health Policy.
Innovation in Aging, 6(Suppl 1), 36. DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igac059.137
Wittman, S. R., Hoberman, A., Mehrotra, A., Sabik, L. M., Yabes, J. G., & Ray, K. N. (2024).
Antibiotic Receipt for Pediatric Telemedicine Visits With Primary Care vs Direct-to-Consumer Vendors. JAMA Network Open, 7(3), e242359-e242359. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.2359
Sarkar, R. R., Courtney, P. T., Bachand, K., Sheridan, P. E., Riviere, P. J., Guss, Z. D., … &
Murphy, J. D. (2020). Quality of care at safety‐net hospitals and the impact on pay‐for‐performance reimbursement. Cancer, 126(20), 4584-4592. DOI: 10.1002/cncr.33137.
Gettel, C. J., Han, C. R., Granovsky, M. A., Berdahl, C. T., Kocher, K. E., Mehrotra, A., … &
Venkatesh, A. K. (2022). Emergency clinician participation and performance in the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid services merit‐based incentive payment system. Academic Emergency Medicine, 29(1), 64-72. DOI: 10.1111/acem.14373.
Tortorella, G. L., Fogliatto, F. S., Mac Cawley Vergara, A., Vassolo, R., & Sawhney, R. (2020).
Healthcare 4.0: trends, challenges, and research directions. Production Planning & Control, 31(15), 1245-1260. https://doi.org/10.1080/09537287.2019.1702226
NRS 440 IOM Future of Nursing Report and Nursing
The IOM Future of Nursing Report and Nursing
As their professional mandate obliges, nurses should provide optimal care to all patients. As they do so, nurses follow different perspectives and protocols. They are also members of different professional bodies that advise them on what to do under different circumstances. Amid this, professional practice requirements and the role of nursing in society are often updated. Many activities take place at local, federal, and state levels in an effort to transform health care and enhance patient satisfaction. This paper discusses the foundation of IOM report, “Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health” and the role of state-based action coalitions since they are guided by this report’s recommendations.
The Work of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Committee
The work of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Committee at the Institute of Medicine was tasked with defining nurses’ roles. According to the American Nurses Association (2020), the committee, at IOM, had to develop a blueprint on nurses’ roles in designing and improving public and institutional policies at local, state, and national levels. The culmination of its work led to the IOM report that was released in 2010 with recommendations for many system improvements such as how to address the nursing faculty shortages in the United States. In implementing such recommendations, The Future of Nursing: Campaign for Action remains committed to utilizing the report as a guideline for future direction and action to improve the health of all Americans.
Key Messages that Structure the IOM Report Recommendations
The report had four key messages instrumental in influencing critical aspects of nursing practice, education, training, leadership, and workforce development. As the American Nurses Foundation (2020) outlined, the first message is that nurses should always practice to the full extent of their education and training. This message is based on the principle that nurses’ ability to provide excellent care improves as their level of education increases. Also, in building a reformed health care system, all regulatory, policy, and financial barriers that limit nurses capacity to deliver quality care and improve their skills should be eliminated at the national, state, and local levels. A suitable example is the connection between an ARPN’s and an MSN’s nurse ability to deliver depending on their education levels. There is a difference that cannot be overlooked.
The second key message is the suggestion that nurses should achieve higher levels of training and education enabled by an improved education system committed to promoting seamless academic progression. As Browder et al. (2019) noted, profound changes will continue taking place in the US health care system and practice environment. To ensure that such changes lead to positive outcomes, significant changes must take place in the nurses’ education before and after receiving their licenses. A related note is the idea that the only way nurses can deliver safe, quality, and patient-centered care currently and in the future is through an improved education system. Such a system will be integral in advancing primary care as well as community and public health.
The third key message is the need to transform leadership. As Browder et al. (2019) explained, the main message is that nurses should be full partners, through collaboration with physicians and other health professionals, in reshaping health care delivery in the United States. This message was developed with the precept that only a few nurses think about leadership when beginning their career. However, strong and focused leadership is critical in transforming the US health care system. Blair (2015) further noted that it is only through a transformed system that nurses can be adaptive and well prepared enough to take on re-conceptualized roles when settings change and when educating and reeducating themselves in practice.
The fourth message is about the need for better data on the health care workforce. As Blair (2015) explained, the message here is that efficient data collection and an improved information infrastructure are pivotal in effective workforce training and policy making. The main idea is that nurses do not work in a vacuum but in the context of collaboration and skills and viewpoints of colleagues. To make any change and play their transformative role, reliable and sufficiently granular data is essential on the current workforce. Such data is also crucial for future workforce needs. For instance, health data about an illness on a given state against the national benchmark is vital for nurses as far as decision-making is concerned.
The Role of State-Based Action Coalitions
Generally, action coalitions’ main role is advancing the Future of Nursing: Campaign for Action. According to Friberg and Creasia (2019), action coalitions consist of diverse groups of stakeholders aiming at effecting sustainable changes at all levels. They capture best practices and determine research needs as they engage in other vital activities such as tracking lessons learned and determining replicable models that can catalyze outcomes nationally. They set clearly defined goals, mobilize stakeholders, and educate decision-makers, among other roles. Each coalition is a part of overall outcomes linked with the general Campaign for Action goals.
Georgia’s State Coalition Initiatives
Like other state-based action coalitions, Georgia Action Coalition takes part in many initiatives that advance the nursing profession. One of the main initiatives is transforming nursing education. The coalition focuses on developing a futuristic model for nursing centered on doctoral education to enhance diversity and increase students’ enrollment. It advances this initiative by collaborating with Georgia State University and Augusta University to develop research-intensive experiences and mechanisms to educate students using new models (Campaign for Action, n.d.). The other initiative is developing workforce data. The coalition is working on developing a report on workforce data that captures trends and acts as the basis for future data and trends on the state’s nursing workforce (Campaign for Action, n.d.). Overall, commitment to improving outcomes is visible.
Barriers to Advancement
Diversity is a critical part of in developing a futuristic model for nursing doctoral education. However, it has been challenging to achieve this feat. In response, the coalition uses a mix of class meetings when focusing on research-intensive experiences, which can improve overall outcomes as time advances (Campaign for Action, n.d.). The second challenge is data taking more time than projected to compile. In response, the coalition resorts to the application of modern technologies to track and backing up the collected data.
In conclusion, health care provision is characterized by changes and creation of policies that regulate health care delivery. If activities and targets in health care are not happening as projected, policy formulations and changes through selected committees and experts usually occur. Nurses’ roles are redefined at some points, with the primary aim being to develop a plan that care providers can follow in improving quality of care and other critical aspects of health. The four key messages as the report highlights set the foundation of better nursing practices in the future.
References
American Nurses Association. (2020). IOM Future of Nursing Report. https://www.nursingworld.org/practice-policy/iom-future-of-nursing-report/
Blair, M. (2015, Dec 4). Joint Statement on the Institute of Medicine’s Progress Report on the Future of Nursing. Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. https://www.rwjf.org/en/library/articles-and-news/2015/12/statement-on-nursing-report.html
Browder, B., Fuentes, G., Holm, R., Macy, D., Middlemiss, J., & Sigma Theta Tau International,. (2019). Rethinking your unit council structure: An innovative approach to shared governance in healthcare. Sigma Theta International.
Campaign for Action. (n.d.). Georgia State Implementation Program. https://campaignforaction.org/sip-state/georgia/
Friberg, E. E., & Creasia, J. L. (2019). Conceptual foundations: The bridge to professional nursing practice. Mosby.