NRS 445 Compare independent variables, dependent variables, and extraneous variables

Grand Canyon University NRS 445 Compare independent variables, dependent variables, and extraneous variables-Step-By-Step Guide

This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Grand Canyon University NRS 445 Compare independent variables, dependent variables, and extraneous variables assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.

How to Research and Prepare for NRS 445 Compare independent variables, dependent variables, and extraneous variables                            

Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Grand Canyon University NRS 445 Compare independent variables, dependent variables, and extraneous variables  depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.

After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.

How to Write the Introduction for NRS 445 Compare independent variables, dependent variables, and extraneous variables                          

The introduction for the Grand Canyon University NRS 445 Compare independent variables, dependent variables, and extraneous variables  is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.

How to Write the Body for NRS 445 Compare independent variables, dependent variables, and extraneous variables                          

After the introduction, move into the main part of the NRS 445 Compare independent variables, dependent variables, and extraneous variables  assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.

Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.

How to Write the Conclusion for NRS 445 Compare independent variables, dependent variables, and extraneous variables                          

After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.

How to Format the References List for NRS 445 Compare independent variables, dependent variables, and extraneous variables                            

The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.

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Sample Answer for NRS 445 Compare independent variables, dependent variables, and extraneous variables

Re: Topic 3 DQ 1

With research the independent variables, dependent variables, and extraneous variables each play distinct roles. Independent variables are the cause in a cause-effect scenario. Where as dependent variables are the outcome of the situation. Extraneous variables are all the other influences that have and effect on the outcome (Falkner et al).

While researchers us a multitude of different techniques to control outcomes,  two of the used methods are randomization and standardization. Randomization is where you randomly place people of different demographics and place them in a control group hopefully minimizing any biases. Standardization is when the researcher uses the same environment for all the individuals participating.

In 2021 the was a study performed on nursing students to determine which method of teaching clinical skill assessments was more effective (Smith). Researchers controlled this by allowing the students to chose their groups and method of instruction, but gave each group the same set of instructions to follow (Smith). The study isolated the effect of the different methods of instruction of clinical skills, and minimized the surrounding influences that could skew the results.

References

Falkner, A., Green, S.Z., Helbig, J., Johnson, J., McNiff, P., Petric, M., & Schmidt, M. (2022). Nursing Research: Understanding Methods for Best Practice (2nd ed.). Grand Canyon University.

Smith, J., Brown, L., & Davis, K. (2021). The impact of innovative educational strategies on nursing students’ clinical skills: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Nursing Education, 60(3), 120-127.

Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2020). Nursing research: Generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice (11th ed.). Wolters Kluwer.

Sample Answer 2 for NRS 445 Compare independent variables, dependent variables, and extraneous variables

Variables are the core components of a study as they provide an area for the study to provide answers to. Variables show the characteristics of the sample that’s under study and that every researcher must rally around variables. Variables are measurable characteristics or properties of people or things that can take on different values. (California State University n. d) However, variable selection is a complex problem, and so despite considerable work in this area there remain important issues that existing methods do not fully address. (Wang, G., et al., 2020).

The independent variable is the antecedent while the dependent variable is the consequent. A dependent variable is the variable that is affected by the independent variable. (Kaur, S.P., 2013). Independent variables can stand on their own. For instance, age, sex, height. Dependent variables are defined as those the values of which are influenced by other variables. (Chittaranjan, A., 2021).

Extraneous variables are variables that may affect research outcomes but have not been adequately considered in the study. (Olayemi, J. A. O., 2017). These variables occur in most studies and are uncontrolled, usually affecting the study variables during measurement and data analysis. To better manage the extraneous variables the researcher must adopt certain strategies to control the variables such as randomization and matching.

During randomization, the variables are evenly distributed to the experimental or treatment group so that each group has equal characteristics. (Dissertation Canada, 2014).

Matching, however, helps researchers to pair evenly all the features of the variables to different groups. Different confounding variables like gender, age, income etc. could be distributed equally among the group. (Dissertation Canada, 2014).

For instance, in research to determine Effect of Intensive vs Standard Blood Pressure Control on Probable Dementia, the study randomized the population using the settings and gathered data from102 sites in the United States and Puerto Rico among adults aged 50 years or older with hypertension but without diabetes or history of stroke. (Williamson, J. D., et al., 2019). This system helped to control the extraneous variables because each data was equally distributed among each setting where data was collected.

References

Chittaranjan, A., (2021). A Student’s Guide to the Classification and Operationalization of Variables in the Conceptualization and Design of a Clinical Study.

Saul, M., (2023). Extraneous Variables in Research: Types & Examples.

Williamson, J. D., Pajewski, N. M., Auchus, A. P., Bryan, R. N., Chelune, G., Cheung, A. K., … & Sprint Mind Investigators for the SPRINT Research Group. (2019). Effect of intensive vs standard blood pressure control on probable dementia: a randomized clinical trial. Jama, 321(6), 553-561.

Sample Answer 3 for NRS 445 Compare independent variables, dependent variables, and extraneous variables

Independent variables are variables which researchers are able to change during the experimental process to observe its effect on the dependent variable. One example I can think of is shopping and mode of tender such as cash versus credit card.

Dependent variable are variables monitored and affected by the independent variable. For example, is it easier to make a purchase when paying with a credit card versus paying with cash? Or who spends the most amount of money, someone whop pays with credit cards or someone who pays with cash?

Extraneous variables are variables or circumstances that can influence the result of a research or experiment if not controlled. Keeping my previous examples in mind, an example of this could be a person’s budget or financial status, their preference or taste in clothes, jewelry, accessories, etc.

Using peer reviewed articles:

Researchers may attempt to control extraneous variables in many forms including experimental design and statistical control. With experimental design, researchers create a study that minimizes the influence of extraneous variables through randomization, counterbalancing, and control groups. As an example of this, in the study by Weng et al. (2019), titled “Effectiveness of a Mindfulness-Based Program on Nurses’ Mental Health: A Randomized Controlled Trial,” the researchers employed experimental design to control extraneous variables. They randomly assigned nurses to either a mindfulness-based intervention group or a control group receiving no intervention. By randomly assigning participants, the researchers ensured that potential factors such as baseline stress levels or personal characteristics were evenly distributed across the groups, thereby minimizing their impact on the study outcomes.

With statistical control, statistical techniques can be used to control extraneous variables which can’t be eliminated through experimental design. In the study by Choi et al. (2020), titled “Impact of a Family Support Program on Family Burden, Quality of Life, and Self-Stigma in Family Caregivers of Persons with Schizophrenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial,” the researchers used statistical control to manage extraneous variables. They conducted multiple regression analyses to examine the impact of the family support program on family burden, quality of life, and self-stigma, while controlling for variables such as caregiver age, duration of caregiving, and patient’s symptom severity. By statistically controlling for these variables, the researchers aimed to isolate the effects of the intervention on the outcomes of interest.

References

Choi, S. Y., Kang, D. H., Kim, J. J., & Lee, M. S. (2020). Impact of a family support program on family burden, quality of life, and self-stigma in family caregivers of persons with schizophrenia: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 27(1), 61-71. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpm.12558

Diel, A., Weigelt, S., & Macdorman, K. F. (2021). A meta-analysis of the uncanny valley’s independent and dependent variables. ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction (THRI), 11(1), 1-33.

Weng, H. C., Hung, C. M., Liu, Y. T., Cheng, Y. J., Yen, C. Y., Chang, C. C., & Huang, C. K. (2019). Effectiveness of a mindfulness-based program on nurses’ mental health: A randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 94, 161-170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.02.006

NRS-445 Topic 3 DQ 2 Sample Answer

The topic that I am working on is the benefits of an exercise program that focuses on fall prevention in the elderly population. The article that I chose is about the Otago exercise program compared to falls prevention education in Zuni elders (Walters et al.). The Otago exercise program (OEP) is a fall prevention program used for high-risk older adults and it involves 17 strength and balance exercises along with a walking program that is typically performed three times weekly, this program was culturally adapted to the Zuni tribe. What the study did was have two groups one with the OEP and the other just education. The study found that the Zuni members that used the OEP compared to just the education found a 32% reduction in falls (Walters et al.). This article does meet the CASP guidelines.  

The benefits of this OEP program outweighs the harm and cost exponentially. The Zuni tribe is located in Northern Arizona and New Mexico and the nearest nursig facility can be located up to 100 miles away with no physical therapy (Walters et al.). By using this program to help improve the balance of the Zuni elders it is helping improve their life and helping the tribe take care of their elders. 

Waters, D. L., Popp, J., Herman, C., Ghahate, D., Bobelu, J., Pankratz, V. S., & Shah, V. O. (2022). The Otago Exercise Program compared to falls prevention education in Zuni elders: a randomized controlled trial. BMC geriatrics, 22(1), 652. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-022-03335-6