NU 606 Week 4 Discussion 1: Case-Based Discussion

Regis University NU 606 Week 4 Discussion 1: Case-Based Discussion-Step-By-Step Guide

This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Regis University NU 606 Week 4 Discussion 1: Case-Based Discussion  assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.

How to Research and Prepare for NU 606 Week 4 Discussion 1: Case-Based Discussion                                                                      

Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Regis University NU 606 Week 4 Discussion 1: Case-Based Discussion  depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.

After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.

How to Write the Introduction for NU 606 Week 4 Discussion 1: Case-Based Discussion                                                                    

The introduction for the Regis University NU 606 Week 4 Discussion 1: Case-Based Discussion    is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.

How to Write the Body for NU 606 Week 4 Discussion 1: Case-Based Discussion                                                                    

After the introduction, move into the main part of the NU 606 Week 4 Discussion 1: Case-Based Discussion  assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.

Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.

How to Write the Conclusion for NU 606 Week 4 Discussion 1: Case-Based Discussion                                                                    

After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.

How to Format the References List for NU 606 Week 4 Discussion 1: Case-Based Discussion                                                                      

The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.

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Sample Answer for NU 606 Week 4 Discussion 1: Case-Based Discussion

JL fell, fracturing her L tibia distal to her ankle resulting in redness, pain, and swelling.  The patient was diagnosed with a simple fracture, “a single break in the bone in which the bone ends maintain their alignment and position” (VanMeter 2018, p.167). Her pain is caused by soft tissue damage. Damage occurs due to the breaking of the bone from the blood vessels that have broken (VanMeter 2018, p.167). “The inflammatory response develops as a reaction to the trauma in the presence of debris at the site” (VanMeter 2018, p.167-168). The inflammatory process causes her swelling. “Swelling is the result of the increased movement of fluid and white blood cells into the injured area” (Nationwide Children’s, 2021). The movement of fluid is what results in redness and swelling at the affected extremity. It is an acute process related to the fracture and the fall.

As healing begins, JL can expect to feel less pain, and the bone will be set in place and her leg cast to keep the bone in place. The swelling should also go down as the inflammatory response will stop. JL shole expect some discomfort in the bones and joints that were immobilized as the cast is removed. She will also expect some atrophy in the muscles of her affected leg, while the skin will be drier and have more hair (UCSF Health, 2021). The atrophy results from disuse of the leg. The skin changes after cast removal result from the constant covering of the skin with the cast. The hair growth results from friction from the cast. The friction stimulates the hair follicles in the skin to produce new hairs, leading to more hair growth (The Independent, 2011).

Immobilizing the fractured bone reduces the risk of increasing more debris and fragments from the bone fracture forming. Immobilization also helps with the healing of the bone as it is easier for the bone to heal “to prevent bone edges from moving and damaging other muscles, vessels or nerves and further complications” (Jacob, 2020). Immobilization can also help reduce inflammation as the bone pieces no longer agitate or move to create a more significant inflammatory response.

If the edema increases in the casted area within 24 hours of having a cast, this can result in compartment syndrome. Compartment syndrome can develop shortly after the fracture occurs, with more extensive inflammation (VanMeter 2018, p.169). In this process, “increase pressure of fluid within the non-elastic covering of the muscle compresses the nerves and blood vessels causing severe pain and ischemia or necrosis of the muscle” (VanMeter 2018, p.169).

Some common signs and symptoms of compartment syndrome are “pain, pallor (pale skin tone), paresthesia (numbness feeling), pulselessness (faint pulse) and paralysis (weakness with movements)” (USF Health, n.d.).

The feeling fatigued, anorexic, and a low-grade temperature can result from an infection, because of the bone fracture or as a second infection not related to the bone fracture.

The patient is not at high risk for osteomyelitis because the fracture was simple and not open, in which the fracture has broken through the skin. Osteomyelitis usually results from bacteria or fungi entering the blood from a fracture then spread to the bones.  Staphylococcus bacteria cause most cases of osteomyelitis. A bacterium is generally found on the skin or in the nose of healthy individuals (Mayo Clinic, 2020). An opportunistic infection most likely causes osteomyelitis.

To promote healing of the bone, the patient should keep the cast on for about 6-8 weeks to ensure recovery with a simple fracture, reducing the risk of fragments inducing a more aggravated inflammatory response causing more pain and more swelling. Two, to increase foods high in vitamin D and calcium to promote healthy bone growth and maintenance. Lastly, complete and promote weight-bearing exercises to promote muscle health and circulation, better healing of limb effect, and refer patient physical therapy for a week and muscles post un casting of the leg to ensure recovery and resuming of normal function.

Resources

Jacob, P. D. (2020, July 24). What Is Splinting Used For? Broken Bones, Pain, Swelling.

MedicineNet. https://www.medicinenet.com/what_is_splinting_used_for/article.htm

Mayo Clinic. (2020, November 14). Osteomyelitis – Symptoms and causes. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/osteomyelitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20375913

Nationwide Children’s. (2021). Swelling: The Body’s Reaction to Injury. Swelling: The Body’s Reaction to Injury. https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/specialties/sports-medicine/sports-medicine-articles/swelling-the-bodys-reaction-to-injury

The Independent. (2011, October 22). Hair Growth: Why is my leg hairy? https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-families/health-az/hair-growth-why-my-leg-hairy-762704.html

UCSF Health. (2021, June 16). Care after Cast Removal. Ucsfbenioffchildrens.Org. https://www.ucsfbenioffchildrens.org/education/care-after-cast-removal

USF Health. (n.d.). Anterior Compartment Syndrome. Retrieved September 21, 2021, from https://health.usf.edu/medicine/orthopaedic/patientcare/~/media/190D4063986E4A84BB9BCDC124D0FCB2.ashx

VanMeter, K. C., & Hubert, R. J. (2018). Gould’s pathophysiology for the health professions. (6th ed.). Elsevier Saunders.

Sample Answer 2 for NU 606 Week 4 Discussion 1: Case-Based Discussion

You provided a comprehensive description of pathophysiology and symptomatology associated with fractures and discussed the peculiarities of diagnosing and managing fractures and associated complications. Also, you reviewed complementary therapies, lifestyle modifications, and interventions used to promote bone health, muscle strength, recovery, and regaining limb function. I can use the information you shared to prevent and manage fractures in my patients.
In terms of prevention, it is necessary to know the categories of the patients at risk of falls and associated fractures. For example, objective “symptoms’ and “signs” indicating that the patient is at risk for falls and requires additional measures to prevent fall-associated lower limb fractures include old age, frailty, the presence of certain conditions (cataract, obesity, cancer, parkinsonism, alcoholism, epilepsy, dementia, rheumatoid arthritis, large joints osteoarthritis, and systemic osteoporosis,), and previous fractures (Grygorieva & Vlasenko, 2017). Possible subjective “signs” include inadequate physical activity and excessive physical load. Another objective sign that the patient is at greater risk for falls and related fractures is a pharmacotherapy with psychotropic drugs, antihypertensive drugs, and narcotic analgesics (Montali et al., 2015). Therefore, optimization of the aforementioned drug therapies in combination with the fracture prevention intervention discussed in your post can help to reduce the risk of falls and associated traumas.
When encountering patients with stress fractures, I should be aware of the peculiarities of the clinical presentation (signs and symptoms) and diagnostics associated with this type of fractures. For example, physical examination of stress fractures is unspecific since patients present with edema, pain, and increasing sensitivity at the lesion location after repetitive increase in or abrupt physical activity (Astur et al., 2016). Rest helps to reduce and alleviate the pain and continue physical activity, whereas aggressive movement leads to injury progression and increased pain. It is important to remember that X-ray may produce a false-negative result since the changes caused by stress fractures become clearly visible on radiography only two to four weeks after the start of the pain. Magnetic resonance imaging is the most specific and sensitive exam for diagnosing stress fractures (Astur et al., 2016). Finally, adequately management of a stress fracture involves identification of the risk factors, preventing overloading of affected site, pain management, and rehabilitation.

References

Astur, D.C., Zanatta, F., Arliani, G.G., Moraes, E.R., Pochini, A.C., & Ejnisman, B. (2016).
Stress fractures: Definition, diagnosis and treatment. Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia, 51(1), 3-10. doi: 10.1016/j.rboe.2015.12.008
Grygorieva, N., & Vlasenko, R. (2017). Epidemiology and risk factors of lower limb fractures
(literature review)”. Pain, Joints, Spine, 7(3), 127-138.
doi:10.22141/2224-1507.7.3.2017.116868
Montali, F., Campaniello, G., Benatti, M., Rastelli, G., Pedrazzoni, M., & Cervellin, G. (2015).
Impact of different drug classes on clinical severity of falls in an elderly population: Epidemiological survey in a trauma center. Journal of Clinical Gerontology and Geriatrics, 6(2), 63-67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcgg.2015.03.002