NU 606 Week 9 Discussion 1: Question-Based Discussion—Team A (Sensory Disorders)

Regis University NU 606 Week 9 Discussion 1: Question-Based Discussion—Team A (Sensory Disorders)-Step-By-Step Guide

This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Regis University NU 606 Week 9 Discussion 1: Question-Based Discussion—Team A (Sensory Disorders)  assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.

How to Research and Prepare for NU 606 Week 9 Discussion 1: Question-Based Discussion—Team A (Sensory Disorders)                                                                      

Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Regis University NU 606 Week 9 Discussion 1: Question-Based Discussion—Team A (Sensory Disorders)  depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.

After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.

How to Write the Introduction for NU 606 Week 9 Discussion 1: Question-Based Discussion—Team A (Sensory Disorders)                                                                    

The introduction for the Regis University NU 606 Week 9 Discussion 1: Question-Based Discussion—Team A (Sensory Disorders)    is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.

How to Write the Body for NU 606 Week 9 Discussion 1: Question-Based Discussion—Team A (Sensory Disorders)                                                                    

After the introduction, move into the main part of the NU 606 Week 9 Discussion 1: Question-Based Discussion—Team A (Sensory Disorders)  assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.

Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.

How to Write the Conclusion for NU 606 Week 9 Discussion 1: Question-Based Discussion—Team A (Sensory Disorders)                                                                    

After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.

How to Format the References List for NU 606 Week 9 Discussion 1: Question-Based Discussion—Team A (Sensory Disorders)                                                                      

The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.

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Sample Answer for NU 606 Week 9 Discussion 1: Question-Based Discussion—Team A (Sensory Disorders)

1. Infection and trauma can happen to both the cornea and the conjunctiva. Which is more serious? Using pathophysiology, explain why.

Conjunctiva eye injuries are more serious than those to the cornea. Cornea scratches can usually heal on their own. While mechanisms of injury to the conjunctiva include thermal or chemical burns and blunt or penetrating trauma. Some of the time injuries will be isolated to the conjunctiva, conjunctiva injury can be the presenting sign of underlying intraocular trauma, including open globe injury.

1. Compare wide-angle and narrow-angle glaucoma, including the pathophysiology and signs of each.

Glaucoma involves damage to the structures that allow the aqueous humor to drain out. The two outlets for the draining are trabecular meshwork and uveoscleral outflow. Both of these structures are near the front of the eye, behind the cornea.

Wide-angle glaucoma is the most common form of glaucoma, accounting for 90% of all glaucoma cases. This is caused by the slow clogging of drainage canals than then results in increased pressure in the eye. This was the wide-angle or open-angle between the iris and cornea. The clog is found in the trabecular meshwork. This type of glaucoma can develop slowly and will be a lifelong condition. Many times this the symptoms and damage that occur are not recognized. Sometimes no symptoms are seen before vision is damaged. This is why having regular eye exams is important.

Narrow-angle glaucoma is a less common form of glaucoma. It is a closed or narrow-angle between the iris and cornea. This is found in both the uvesoscleral and trabecular meshwork. This develops very quickly and the symptoms that appear are very noticeable. This demands immediate medical attention.

1. Describe the two types of macular degeneration and current treatments.

The two types of macular degeneration are wet and dry. Dry macular degeneration is the most common, about 90% of cases. In this type, the photosensitive cells of the macular slowly break down. Yellow protein deposits called drusen, extracellular waste products from metabolism, form and accumulate under the retina between the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) layer and the Bruch’s membrane. Drusen are often seen in the elderly, but an increase in size and number is an indication of macular degeneration. The drusen leads to the deterioration of the macula and the death of the RPE and photoreceptor cells. This then causes blurring or spotty loss of vision but does not cause pain.

Wet macular degeneration is only seen in about 10% of patients and is considered advanced. This is when abnormal blood vessels grow behind the macula as retinal pigment epithelial cells and photoreceptor cells die. The Bruch’s membrane begins to break down and new blood vessels grow. This is called neovascularization, and are very fragile and clean leak both fluid and blood. This causes scarring of the macula and the potential for rapid, severe damage. Straight vision can become distorted or lost entirely in a short period, sometimes even days.

1. Patients who have experienced a blow to the back of the head often report “seeing stars.” Using pathophysiology, explain why this happens.

This may result from damage to the muscles and/or nerves around the eye. This can stem from what is known as convergence insufficiency, the alignment of the eye diverge when trying to focus.

1. Otitis media is much more common in infants and young children. Thinking about the structure and function of the ear, explain why this is.

The Eustachian tubes in young children are shorter and more horizontal. This shape encourages fluid to gather behind the eardrum. Also, bacteria and viruses find their way to the middle ear and are stuck there because of the narrow tubes. The immune system in children is also still developing so they are more prone to illness.

1. Why does Ménière’s syndrome cause both hearing loss and vertigo?

The cause of Meniere’s disease is unknown. Symptoms of Meniere’s disease appear to be the result of an abnormal amount of fluid (endolymph) in the inner ear. Factors that might contribute this to are: improper fluid drainage, abnormal immune response, viral infection, genetic predisposition. Vertigo is caused by a disturbance to the vestibular system, semicircular canals, or cranial nerve VII.

Reference:

Cao, Z., Zhu, C., Zhou, Y., Wang, Y., Chen, M., Ju, Y., & Zhao, X. (2021). Risk factors related to balance disorder for patients with dizziness/vertigo. BMC Neurology, 21(1), 186. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-021-02188-7

Hubert, R. J., & VanMeter, K. C. (2018). Pathophysiology Online for Gould’s Pathophysiology for the Health Professions (6th ed.). Elsevier.

Hussain, K., Murdin, L., Schilder, A. G., & Hussain, K. (n.d.). Restriction of salt, caffeine, and alcohol intake for the treatment of Ménière’s disease or syndrome. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 12.

Sample Answer 2 for NU 606 Week 9 Discussion 1: Question-Based Discussion—Team A (Sensory Disorders)

Thank you for your educational post on Macular degeneration. I had never really paid attention to the types that existed. At my place, I have heard my residents state how their vision has gotten worse because of this disease. I also just found out the Macular degeneration has a hereditary component to it. 50% of the Macular degeneration cases are believed to have been inherited and passed on from a family line (Myhre & Sifris, 2020).
As a future NP, I would not be surprised seeing adults between the age 60 and above coming in with Age-related Macular degeneration (AMD) which is reported to be the most common cause of blindness (Myhre & Sifris, 2020). Age together with race are major contributors to getting AMD. These patients will report symptoms such as blurry and reduced central vision, difficulty seeing bright colors or worse still seeing wavy lines which is a sign of late AMD (Bedinghaus, 2021). Objective signs will include changes to the retinal pigment epithelium, areas of chorioretinal atrophy in dry AMD (Mehta, 2021), retinal edema, Gray-green discoloration under macula, exudates in or around macula, and these signs will be found in wet AMD (Mehta, 2021).

Bedinghaus, T. (2021, July 5). Do you have symptoms of macular degeneration? Verywell Health. Retrieved October 30, 2021, from https://www.verywellhealth.com/macular-degeneration-signs-and-symptoms-4160477.

James Myhre & Dennis Sifris, M. D. (2020, July 14). Is macular degeneration hereditary? Verywell Health. Retrieved October 30, 2021, from https://www.verywellhealth.com/macular-degeneration-genetics-5070842.

Mehta, S. (2021, October 28). Age-related macular degeneration (AMD or ARMD) – eye disorders. Merck Manuals Professional Edition. Retrieved October 30, 2021, from https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/eye-disorders/retinal-disorders/age-related-macular-degeneration-amd-or-armd.