NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE AND THE QUADRUPLE AIM

Walden University NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE AND THE QUADRUPLE AIM – Step-By-Step Guide

This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Walden University NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE AND THE QUADRUPLE AIM assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.

How to Research and Prepare for NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE AND THE QUADRUPLE AIM

Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Walden University NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE AND THE QUADRUPLE AIM depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.

After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.

How to Write the Introduction for NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE AND THE QUADRUPLE AIM

The introduction for the Walden University NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE AND THE QUADRUPLE AIM is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.

How to Write the Body for NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE AND THE QUADRUPLE AIM

After the introduction, move into the main part of the NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE AND THE QUADRUPLE AIM assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.

Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.

How to Write the Conclusion for NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE AND THE QUADRUPLE AIM

After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.

How to Format the References List for NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE AND THE QUADRUPLE AIM

The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.

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Sample Answer for NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE AND THE QUADRUPLE AIM

Evidence-Based Practice and the Quadruple Aim 

The quadruple aim and evidence based practice are synonymous in nursing. The introduction of the two phenomena was intended to enhance the delivery of services in healthcare. This essay gives an analysis of the connection between EBP and the Quadruple Aim. It will address how EBP might (or might not) help reach the Quadruple Aim concerning Patient experience, Population health, Costs, and the Work-life of healthcare providers.  

The Connection Between EBP and The Quadruple Aim 

Evidence-Based Practice is a framework for delivering high-value care, initially the Triple Aim, centered around three focus, improving the individual experience of care, improving the health of populations, and reducing the per capita cost of healthcare (Sikka et al., 2015). The intention was that the Triple Aim would guide the redesigning of healthcare systems and the transition to population health to enhance and improve populations’ health and, at the same time, lower healthcare costs.  

The epicenter of any effective healthcare system is dependent on the productiveness of the frontline workforce (Crabtree et al., 2016).  Triple Aim did not address the welfare of the frontline workers upon which the success of the Principle of the Triple Aim depended for the healthcare transformation, a proposal for the Forth Aim was floated to change the Triple Aim to recognize the essentiality of physicians, nurses, and all employees find joy and reason in their career. Hence the birth of the ‘Quadruple Aim’ to improve the experience of health care providers (Sikka et al. 2015). The intent of Evidence-Based Practice was for the delivery of high-value care. The holistic improvement and enhancement of health care are achievable when all factors and actors are factored and incorporated in the design and the transition to population health (Rathert et al., 2018). 

Besides, the achievement of the Quadruple Aim requires highly effective healthcare organizations. And the essentiality of physicians, nurses, and all employees must not be underestimated for the Aim’s realization. The Quadruple Aim that acknowledges the care providers by improving their experience will translate to the workforce’s high morale and meaningful life. They will think and act positively about their career and the people they work with. The Patients’ experience and population health will considerably change for the better (Rathert et al., 2018). 

Moreover, the Quadruple Aim’s progress will reduce Costs since it shall have taken care of the workforce engagement and workforce safety of the care providers. The core of workforce engagement will elevate the experience of joy and the realization of meaning in healthcare providers’ work.  

Also Read:

EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 1: IDENTIFYING RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES

SEARCHING DATABASES

EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 2: ADVANCED LEVELS OF CLINICAL INQUIRY AND SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS

EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 3: CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF RESEARCH

DEVELOPING A CULTURE OF EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE

DISCUSSION: PATIENT PREFERENCES AND DECISION MAKING

EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 4: RECOMMENDING AN EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE CHANGE

Conclusion 

In summary, the benefits of EBP within the Quadruple Aim’s confines, realized within an inspirational workplace, could be much. The health providers will be motivated, and patients’ knowledge will be positively different. More lives will not suffer due to the negligence of the care providers. Similarly, healthcare-related costs will reduce because of fewer fatalities. More resources will be saved, thereby enhancing the general population’s health and reducing human suffering.  

Reference 

Crabtree, E., Brennan, E., Davis, A., & Coyle, A. (2016). Improving Patient Care Through Nursing Engagement in Evidence‐Based Practice. Worldviews on Evidence‐Based Nursing, 13(2), 172-175. Doi: 10.1111/wvn.12126 

Kim, M., Mallory, C., & Valerio, T. (2020). Statistics for evidence-based Practice in nursing. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. 

Rathert, C., Williams, E. S., & Linhart, H. (2018). Evidence for the quadruple aim. Medical care, 56(12), 976-984. Doi: 10.1097/MLR.0000000000000999 

Sikka, R., Morath, J. M., & Leape, L. (2015). The quadruple Aim: care, health, cost, and meaning  

            in work. Doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2015-004160 

Sample Answer 2 for NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE AND THE QUADRUPLE AIM

The health practice faces numerous challenges prompting health care providers to use practical and research-based interventions always. Over time, the adoption of technology has been central in the health practice, proving that the determination to improve patient experience and enhance outcomes is high. As these changes occur in practice, evidence-practice practice (EBP) has played a critical role by giving health practitioners the base knowledge required in making changes to improve outcomes. More integration of evidence-based practice is expected over time. This paper discusses the connection between EBP and the quadruple aim.  

EBP and the Quadruple Aim 

Excellence in health practice depends on the extent to which interventions meet patient needs and current health demands. One of the most recommended ways of achieving this goal is integrating research-driven processes into general health practice. Melnyk (2018) described EBP as integrating clinical expertise, the best research evidence, and patient values into the patient-care decision-making process. The objective is to ensure that patients get high-quality and safe health care services. The quadruple aim focuses on the overall health care experience by addressing critical aspects such as patient experience, reducing health care costs, refining population health, and improving healthcare providers’ work-life (Valaitis et al., 2020). EBP has a positive impact on the quadruple aim if implemented rightly, and health care organizations remain committed to incorporate research into the practice. 

EBP and Patient Experience 

One of the ways of improving patient experience is embracing patient-centered care. To a profound extent, EBP recommends health care providers implement research findings into clinical practice. Doing so allows nurses and other health care providers to apply proven scientific knowledge in clinical practice to ensure that care matches individual patient needs (Beckett & Melnyk, 2018). When health care addresses specific patient needs, the quality of care and health outcomes improve. Scientific knowledge can also be used to address other issues affecting patient care, such as improving the health care environment to make patients comfortable as much as possible. 

Population Health 

Broadly, evidence-based processes involved in care help to address patient needs based on challenges affecting the populace every day. Research that EBP implements usually provides diverse information on population health matters such as health determinants, cultural and religious issues affecting health, and family and social practices related to people’s health. Research also provides information related to health equity and needs across socioeconomic statuses. Based on this information, EBP proposes various ways of improving population health, such as educating the populace and distributing health resources based on populations’ needs. Social and cultural determinants improve health care providers’ knowledge about populations’ characteristics and perceptions of health care, improving health care providers’ cultural competence. Generally, EBP and population health are connected in that EBP is the basis for understanding populations’ diverse needs and addressing them depending on illness patterns, vulnerabilities, and needs of population subgroups. 

Costs 

For a long time, affordability problems have made many people not receive health services at all or at the right time. Many health care facilities also lack adequate resources to address health care needs. Scientific research has explored how to improve access to care and the impacts of measure per capita costs of health care on people’s health. One of the most recommended evidence-based practices to address cost issues is telehealth. As a way of implementing technology in health care provision, telehealth enables health care providers to distribute health-related services and information electronically via computers and mobile devices. A study by Snoswell et al. (2020) found that telehealth saves as much as $361 per patient annually, which cannot be realized through traditional in-home care programs. Telehealth also reduces travel expenses to health care settings since a patient can be assisted remotely. EBP continues to implement progressive research findings to realize the benefits of technology and other interventions that reduce costs, implying that more benefits will be realized over time. 

The Work-Life of Health Care Providers 

Health care providers require a support system to enhance their productivity. The work environment should be free of stressors that affect health care workers’ output adversely. Through EBP, interventions that ensure health care providers are mentally, emotionally, and physically stable to work are utilized. Such interventions include a practice where interprofessional collaboration thrives. Other interventions include health care cultures that prevent nurse burnout, such as preventing excessive workload, supporting mental health, and reducing stress (de Oliveira et al., 2019). Adopting such measures ensures health care environments mind about the wellness of health care providers to balance work and life issues. They are also motivated to work and determined to meet the desired health outcomes.  

In conclusion, EBP advocates for processes that improve the patient experience while trying to utilize the best current knowledge to meet the desired health outcomes. Due to its focus on patients’ and health care providers’ satisfaction, EBP helps in achieving the quadruple aim. It helps by implementing research evidence in real practice to ensure that health care is patient-centered and population health needs are known across cultures. EBP is also instrumental in reducing health care costs by making technology a central element of the health practice and ensuring that issues that affect care providers’ mindset, such as stress and environmental conditions, are addressed appropriately. 

References 

Beckett, C. D., & Melnyk, B. M. (2018). Evidence‐based practice competencies and the new ebp‐c credential: keys to achieving the quadruple aim in health care. Worldviews Evid Based Nurs, 15(6), 412-413. doi: 10.1111/wvn.12335. 

de Oliveira, S. M., de Alcantara Sousa, L. V., Gadelha, M. D. S. V., & do Nascimento, V. B. (2019). Prevention actions of burnout syndrome in nurses: an integrating literature review. Clinical practice and epidemiology in mental health: CP & EMH, 15, 64-73. doi: 10.2174/1745017901915010064 

Melnyk, B. M. (2018, Oct 26). Why Choose Evidence-based Practice?. AANP. https://www.aanp.org/news-feed/why-choose-evidence-based-practice 

Snoswell, C. L., Taylor, M. L., Comans, T. A., Smith, A. C., Gray, L. C., & Caffery, L. J. (2020). Determining if telehealth can reduce health system costs: scoping review. Journal of medical Internet research, 22(10), e17298. doi:10.2196/17298 

Valaitis, R. K., Wong, S. T., MacDonald, M., Martin-Misener, R., O’Mara, L., Meagher-Stewart, D., … & Savage, R. (2020). Addressing quadruple aims through primary care and public health collaboration: Ten Canadian case studies. BMC public health, 20, 1-16. https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-020-08610-y 

Sample Answer 3 for NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE AND THE QUADRUPLE AIM

After reviewing your post, it is evident that your chosen healthcare organization is committed to implementing evidence-based practice (EBP) in its operations. This is crucial in providing high-quality and cost-effective care to patients (Li et al., 2019). Moreover, EBP helps improve patient outcomes and increase patient satisfaction by ensuring that healthcare professionals utilize the most up-to-date and effective interventions (Li et al.,, 2019). Collaborations between healthcare organizations and educational facilities, like the one seen in your chosen healthcare organization, are essential in promoting EBP as they provide a platform for research and knowledge sharing . By engaging in continuous learning, healthcare professionals can keep up with the latest evidence-based practices, leading to better patient outcomes and overall quality of care. 

It is evident from your post that the healthcare organization you have chosen has a strong commitment to promoting EBP within its facilities. The organization’s mission statement highlights its intention to set high medical education and research standards. This shows that the organization is dedicated to ensuring that healthcare professionals are well-equipped to provide evidence-based care to their patients. Additionally, the organization has a Center for Evidence-based Practice, demonstrating its commitment to incorporating EBP into its operations. This center provides resources and tools necessary for healthcare professionals to implement EBP in their practice. This is crucial as it helps to bridge the gap between research and practice (Dagne & Beshah, 2021). Thus, it is clear that your chosen healthcare organization has a strong foundation for promoting and implementing EBP. 

As seen from your post, your chosen healthcare organization has several examples of EBP projects successfully implemented using the John Hopkins EBP model. This model has been widely recognized for its effectiveness in promoting EBP in healthcare organizations (Brunt & Morris, 2023). The fact that your chosen organization has a database that lists projects that have utilized this model highlights its importance in the organization’s operations. The example you provided of the project aimed at addressing human trafficking from a healthcare perspective is an excellent example of how EBP can be used to address societal issues. EBP is essential in addressing healthcare challenges and promoting positive change in healthcare systems. Therefore, it is encouraging to see that your chosen organization recognizes the importance of EBP and is actively implementing it in its operations. 

References:

Brunt BA, Morris MM. Nursing Professional Development Evidence-Based Practice. [Updated 2023 Mar 4]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK589676/

Dagne, A. H., & Beshah, M. H. (2021). Implementation of evidence-based practice: The experience of nurses and midwives. PloS one, 16(8), e0256600. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256600

Li, S., Cao, M., & Zhu, X. (2019). Evidence-based practice: Knowledge, attitudes, implementation, facilitators, and barriers among community nurses-systematic review. Medicine, 98(39), e17209. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000017209

Sample Answer 4 for NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE AND THE QUADRUPLE AIM

Introduction

Evidence-based practice (EBP) plays a crucial role in healthcare organizations’ pursuit of the Quadruple Aim, which includes improving patient experience, enhancing population health, reducing costs, and improving the work life of healthcare providers. Here’s an analysis of how EBP can impact each of these four measures:

Patient Experience

How EBP Helps: EBP can significantly improve patient experience by ensuring that healthcare providers deliver care based on the best available evidence (Lavenburg et al., 2019). When clinical decisions are grounded in high-quality research and clinical guidelines, patients are more likely to receive effective, safe, and patient-centered care (Kim et al., 2016). This can lead to higher levels of patient satisfaction and a more positive healthcare experience.

Example: EBP can guide the implementation of evidence-based communication techniques, leading to better patient-provider interactions, improved patient education, and shared decision-making, all of which contribute to a more positive patient experience.

Population Health

How EBP Helps: EBP is instrumental in promoting better population health outcomes. By identifying and implementing evidence-based interventions and preventive measures, healthcare organizations can target specific health issues within their populations more effectively (Crabtree et al., 2016). EBP enables the development of population health strategies that are grounded in scientific evidence, leading to better health outcomes and disease prevention (Whelihan et al., 2022).

Example: EBP can guide population health initiatives such as vaccination programs, chronic disease management protocols, and health promotion campaigns, resulting in improved overall health within the community served by the healthcare organization.

Costs

How EBP Helps: EBP has the potential to control healthcare costs by reducing the use of ineffective or unnecessary interventions and treatments. When healthcare providers rely on evidence to make clinical decisions, they are less likely to order costly tests, treatments, or medications that may provide little to no benefit (Sikka et al. 2015). This can contribute to cost containment and more efficient resource allocation.

Example: EBP can help identify cost-effective interventions, such as preventive care measures, that yield better health outcomes while reducing the overall financial burden on the healthcare system.

Work-Life of Healthcare Providers

How EBP Helps: EBP can enhance the work life of healthcare providers by promoting a culture of learning, collaboration, and professional growth (Tang et al., 2019). When providers are encouraged to engage in evidence-based practice, they are more likely to feel that their clinical decisions are supported by research and best practices (de Belvis et al., 2019). This can lead to increased job satisfaction, reduced burnout, and a more positive work environment.

Example: Offering EBP training and resources to healthcare providers allows them to stay updated on the latest research findings and clinical guidelines. This continuous learning can empower providers to make more informed decisions and feel more confident in their roles.

Conclusion

In summary, EBP is a powerful tool for healthcare organizations striving to achieve the Quadruple Aim. It contributes to improved patient experiences, better population health outcomes, cost control, and enhanced work life for healthcare providers. By integrating EBP into their daily practices and decision-making processes, healthcare organizations can make meaningful progress toward achieving these critical goals (Gallagher et al., 2020).

References

Crabtree, E., Brennan, E., Davis, A., & Coyle, A. (2016). . Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing, 13(2), 172–175. doi:10.1111/wvn.12126

de Belvis, A. G., Fratini, A., Angioletti, C., Morsella, A., Ruggeri, R., Pepe, G., Ianiro, G., Settanni, C., Gasbarrini, A., & Cammarota, G. (2021). How to define a quadruple aim framework to assess value in critical pathway of the patients with Clostridioides difficile infection. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 25(13), 4597–4610. https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202107_26252

Gallagher, F. L., Koshy Thomas, B., Connor, L., Sinnott, L. T., & Melnyk, B. M. (2020). The effects of an intensive evidence‐based practice educational and skills building program on EBP competency and attributes. Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing, 17(1), 71–81. https://doi.org/10.1111/wvn.12397

Kim, S. C., Stichler, J. F., Ecoff, L., Brown, C. E., Gallo, A.-M., & Davidson, J. E. (2016). Predictors of evidence-based practice implementation, job satisfaction, and group cohesion among regional fellowship program participantsLinks to an external site.. Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing, 13(5), 340–348. doi:10.1111/wvn.12171

Lavenberg, J. G., Cacchione, P. Z., Jayakumar, K. L., Leas, B. F., Mitchell, M. D., Mull, N. K., & Umscheid, C. A. (2019). Impact of a Hospital Evidence-Based Practice Center (EPC) on Nursing Policy and Practice. Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing, 16(1), 4–11. https://doi.org/10.1111/wvn.12346

Sikka, R., Morath, J. M., & Leape, L. (2015). The Quadruple Aim: Care, health, cost and meaning in workLinks to an external site.. BMJ Quality & Safety, 24, 608–610. doi:10.1136/bmjqs-2015-004160

Tang, J. H.-C., Hudson, P., Smith, M., & Maas, R. (2019). Evidence-Based Practice Guideline: Nurse Retention for Nurse Managers. Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 45(11), 11–19. https://doi.org/10.3928/00989134-20191011-03

Whelihan K, Modica C, Bay RC, & Lewis JH. (2022). Patient and Staff Satisfaction and Experience While Transforming Health Center Systems. Risk Management and Healthcare Policy, ume 15, 2115–2124.

Organization Review & Evidenced-Based Practice Utilization

A healthcare organization that uses evidence-based practice as an integral part of its foundation is the American Nurses Association (ANA). The organization has its own official journal known called The American Nurse, with has a plethora of articles, featured content, and continuing education that cover various health care topics based on EBP. For example, when you peruse their website you will find a subsection called Clinical Practice Material found under their Practice & Advocacy section.  The organization reminds members who are interested in their materials that the “ANA is dedicated to share pertinent evidence-base practice information and can be applied to a variety of clinical care settings” (ANA, n.d.). Examples of EBP clinical material that were listed included: medical alarm safety in hospitals, multi-drug resistant tuberculosis, safe practices for better healthcare outcomes, and higher number of baccalaureate degrees: linked to lower rates of mortality.  

Grounding of Evidence-Based Practice

The American Nurses Association has incorporated evidence-based practice courtesy of the Agency for Health Research and Quality (AHRQ) into a toolkit that members are using in both academic and practice that consists of 15 topic areas that help users translate evidence into practice (AHRQ, 2012). The toolkit periodically informs ANA members who may be nurse researchers or students about literature reviews or syntheses. It also offers free continuing education credits and allows users to view research summaries on various health conditions. The organization also emphasizes the importance of a mentorship that is centered in evidence-based practice as result of various organizations such as the AMSN (Academy of Medical Surgical Nures) and the IOM (Institute of Medicine) who believed that connection between EBP and mentorship were required to sustain the best clinical practice and expertise. “The American Nurses Association (2017) responded by crafting a mentoring program for nurses. These initiatives dovetail with the process that hospitals must embark upon to seek Magnet status from the American Nurses Credentialing Center, which is considered the gold standard for nursing practice, and includes mechanisms for mentoring and professional development of nurses as well as succession planning (e.g., mentoring nurses into leadership roles)” (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2018).

Perception

My perception of the American Nurses Association has always been respectable because they are one of the oldest nursing professional organizations and it’s no surprise to me that they offer all these excellent resources. The opportunities are endless and the networking options that they offer could be beneficial to future nurses as well as professionals. Nurses interested in becoming active on the frontlines for important health issues and desire to speak for the profession have the choice to lobby for nurses nationwide. Also, when you peruse their website, you will discover that as a member you gain access to professional tools such as CINAHL, SmartBrief (relevant daily nursing news), and more.

References

American Nurses Association incorporates AHRQ Information Into Research Toolkit. AHRQ. (2012, July). Retrieved March 1, 2023, from https://www.ahrq.gov/news/newsroom/case-studies/coe1201.htmlLinks to an external site. 

Clinical practice material. ANA. (2017, October 14). Retrieved March 1, 2023, from https://www.nursingworld.org/practice-policy/workforce/clinical-practice-material/ 

Melnyk, B. M., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2018). Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare: A guide to best practice (4th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer.

NURS 6052 Assignment 1 Lab Assignment Ethical Concerns

NURS 6052 Assignment 1: Lab Assignment: Ethical Concerns 

Ethical dilemmas are common in healthcare delivery and this means that nurses must demonstrate good faith and guide the patients into the most beneficial decision. In most cases, patient’s cultural values and beliefs may influence their decisions on health intervention; though, some may contradict the healthcare providers’ decision (Haahr et al., 2019). The current study focuses on the case where a 17 years old boy came for a check-up after having a head injury during the football game and indicates that he would like to be able to play in the next game which is in 3 days.  

The boy’s decision is guided by his ambition and passion for the game. However, the nurses have the responsibility to assess the health risks involved in the decision and guide the boy accordingly. Therefore, a thorough assessment should be done to determine the extent of the injuries and the presented health risks. In this case, a head CT scan may be done to determine the tissues affected by the injury. In addition, the patient’s pain level will be assessed using the universal pain assessment tool (Dugashvili et al., 2016).  

In responding to the case, the patient will be advised to prioritize his health and reduce the risk of incurring further injuries that could jeopardize his current state. The patient will be advised to stay away from the games until he is fully recovered. The decision is meant to promote the most beneficial outcomes for the patients (Aitamaa et al., 2019). Therefore, the nurse will have to explain the risks involved in participating in the sporting activity with the traumatic brain injury.  

Finally, the case scenario represents the typical experiences encountered by the nurses. However, the nurses must demonstrate their competencies by educating the patients and helping them overcome the negative beliefs. In this case, advising the boy to stay away from the game will be appropriate.  

References 

Aitamaa, E., Suhonen, R., Puukka, P., & Leino-Kilpi, H. (2019). Ethical problems in nursing management – a cross-sectional survey about solving problems. BMC Health Services Research, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4245-4 

Dugashvili, G., Van den Berghe, L., Menabde, G., Janelidze, M., & Marks, L. (2016). Use of the universal pain assessment tool for evaluating pain associated with TMD in youngsters with an intellectual disability. Medicina Oral Patología Oral y Cirugia Bucal, 0-0. https://doi.org/10.4317/medoral.21584 

Haahr, A., Norlyk, A., Martinsen, B., & Dreyer, P. (2019). Nurses’ experiences of ethical dilemmas: A review. Nursing Ethics, 27(1), 258-272. https://doi.org/10.1177/0969733019832941