NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 1: IDENTIFYING RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES
Walden University NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 1: IDENTIFYING RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES – Step-By-Step Guide
This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Walden University NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 1: IDENTIFYING RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.
How to Research and Prepare for NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 1: IDENTIFYING RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES
Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Walden University NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 1: IDENTIFYING RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.
After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.
How to Write the Introduction for NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 1: IDENTIFYING RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES
The introduction for the Walden University NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 1: IDENTIFYING RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.
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How to Write the Body for NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 1: IDENTIFYING RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES
After the introduction, move into the main part of the NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 1: IDENTIFYING RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.
Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.
How to Write the Conclusion for NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 1: IDENTIFYING RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES
After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.
How to Format the References List for NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 1: IDENTIFYING RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES
The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.
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Sample Answer for NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 1: IDENTIFYING RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES
Access to mental health care and services is essential in addressing the mental health problem in the U.S. health system. Accessing effective services for individuals with mental health problems allows them to get interventions, especially evidence-based practice (EBP) approaches in addressing their mental health issues (Mongelli et al., 2021). As such, getting sources and the methodologies used in understanding the issue of mental health in the U.S. is a critical part of developing requisite and effective interventions (Shidhaye, 2023). The purpose of this paper is to identify the research methodologies used in four articles addressing the issue of accessibility to mental health care and services.
| Full citation of selected article | Article #1 | Article #2 | Article #3 | Article #4 |
| Coombs, N. C., Meriwether, W. E., Caringi, J., & Newcomer, S. R. (2021). Barriers to healthcare access among US adults with mental health challenges: A population-based study. SSM-population health, 15, 100847. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100847 | Kyanko, K. A., A. Curry, L., E. Keene, D., Sutherland, R., Naik, K., & Busch, S. H. (2022). Does primary care fill the gap in access to specialty mental health care? A mixed methods study. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 37(7), 1641-1647. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-021-07260-z | McBain, R. K., Schuler, M. S., Qureshi, N., Matthews, S., Kofner, A., Breslau, J., & Cantor, J. H. (2023). Expansion of Telehealth Availability for Mental Health Care After State-Level Policy Changes From 2019 to 2022. JAMA Network Open, 6(6), e2318045-e2318045. DOI:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.18045 | Forchuk, C., Fisman, S., Reiss, J. P., Collins, K., Eichstedt, J., Rudnick, A., … & Booth, R. (2020). Improving Access and Mental Health for Youth Through Virtual Models of Care. In The Impact of Digital Technologies on Public Health in Developed and Developing Countries: 18th International Conference, ICOST 2020, Hammamet, Tunisia, June 24–26, 2020, Proceedings 18 (pp. 210-220). Springer International Publishing. | |
| Why you chose this article and/or how it relates to the clinical issue of interest (include a brief explanation of the ethics of research related to your clinical issue of interest) | This article was selected because it is a population-based study concerning prevalent barriers to mental health care access among different populations in the U.S. The article relates to the clinical issue of interest as it illustrates the overall hindrances that people encounter in efforts to have mental health services. Research ethics in the article concern developing beneficial interventions to ensure increased access to mental health services | The selection of this article is based on its focus on having primary care as the most effective way in addressing unmet mental health treatment needs among the population. The article relates to the topic of interest as it demonstrates that primary access to mental health services is critical in addressing the mental health issue. The ethics of research from the article associated with the clinical issue of interest entails seeking informed consent from the participants. | The selection of this article is based on its focus; integration of health technologies like telehealth to increase access to mental health care services. The article explores state policies and telehealth availability based on the experiences emanating from the COVID-19 pandemic. The ethics of research in this case include focusing on beneficence of the participants by demonstrating the overall effects of integrating technology in mental health care access. | The selection of this article is based on the improvement of access to mental health services using technologies. This article explores the use of smartphones to improve mental health of youths. This article relates to the clinical topic of interest as it is focusing on improving access to mental healthcare. With technological advancement in the medical field, the research ethics in the article shows that youths and care providers can enhance mental healthcare using technology. |
Mental health disorders such as depression have immense impact on the affected populations and their significant others. Depression lowers the patient’s quality of life, as evidenced by the increased care needs, loss of productivity, and premature mortality. Nurses and other healthcare providers are increasingly involved in the implementation of evidence-based interventions to minimize burden due to depression in their populations. An example is exploring the effectiveness of technology incorporation into the treatments adopted for patients with major depression. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to explore the effectiveness of telehealth interventions in improving the treatment outcomes in depression.
| Full citation of selected article | Article #1 | Article #2 | Article #3 | Article #4 |
| References Bellanti, D. M., Kelber, M. S., Workman, D. E., Beech, E. H., & Belsher, B. E. (2022). Rapid Review on the Effectiveness of Telehealth Interventions for the Treatment of Behavioral Health Disorders. Military Medicine, 187(5–6), e577–e588. https://doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usab318 | Egede, L. E., Dismuke, C. E., Walker, R. J., Acierno, R., & Frueh, B. C. (2018). Cost-Effectiveness of Behavioral Activation for Depression in Older Adult Veterans: In-Person Care Versus Telehealth. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 79(5), 3853. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.17m11888 | Scott, A. M., Clark, J., Greenwood, H., Krzyzaniak, N., Cardona, M., Peiris, R., Sims, R., & Glasziou, P. (2022). Telehealth v. face-to-face provision of care to patients with depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychological Medicine, 52(14), 2852–2860. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291722002331 | Zhao, L., Chen, J., Lan, L., Deng, N., Liao, Y., Yue, L., Chen, I., Wen, S. W., & Xie, R. (2021). Effectiveness of Telehealth Interventions for Women With Postpartum Depression: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JMIR MHealth and UHealth, 9(10), e32544. https://doi.org/10.2196/32544 | |
| Why you chose this article and/or how it relates to the clinical issue of interest (include a brief explanation of the ethics of research related to your clinical issue of interest) | I chose this article because it examines the effectiveness of telehealth interventions for treating behavioral health disorders. The research shows that the use of telehealth in behavioral problems such as depression is comparable to face-to-face provision of psychiatry and psychotherapy services. The ethics of research related to my clinical issue of interest includes ensuring informed consent, privacy, and confidentiality when using telehealth interventions. | https://scribinggeniouses.com/qualitative-vs-quantitative-research/I chose this study because it supports the use of telehealth in mental health problems that include depression. The research shows that telehealth interventions are cost-effective as compared to face-to-face delivery of treatment interventions. The ethics of research that relate to my clinical issue of interest include safety, quality, efficiency, and patient empowerment. | I chose this article because it demonstrates the effectiveness of telehealth among patients with depression as compared to face-to-face. The article demonstrates the feasibility of telehealth interventions alongside their applicability to addressing the needs of patients suffering from depression. The research ethics that will inform my clinical issue of interest include beneficence, informed consent, and patient autonomy. | I chose this study because it explores the effectiveness of telehealth in improving depressive and anxiety symptoms among patients with post-partum depression. The study informs the relevance of telehealth use in the delivery of virtual care for patients suffering from mental health disorders. The issue of ethics that relates to my clinical issue is informed consent and data privacy and confidentiality. |
| Brief description of the aims of the research of each peer-reviewed article | The aim of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of behavioral health treatments delivered in person as compared to telehealth through telephone and teleconference. | The aim of this study was to examine whether the delivery of behavioral activation for depression through telehealth was cost-effective as compared to in-person care. | The aim of this study was to compare the real-time to face-to-face therapy for patients suffering from depression. | The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of telehealth interventions in reducing anxiety and depressive symptoms in women with post-partum depression. |
| Brief description of the research methodology used Be sure to identify if the methodology used was qualitative, quantitative, or a mixed-methods approach. Be specific. | This study was quantitative research. The researchers searched relevant articles on PubMed database where hand-searching of relevant systematic review, dual screening, dual of risk bias assessment, and data abstraction were done. | The research was quantitative. It was a randomized, non-inferior trial that involved assigning participants to 1 of 2 arms of 8-week behavioral activation therapy either through telehealth or in-person. | The study was quantitative. It was a systematic review that utilized evidence from articles that were obtained from databases that included Cochrane Central, Embase, and Medline. The included studies were mainly randomized controlled trials that compared the use of telehealth vs face-to-face for patients with major depression. | The study was quantitative. It was a systematic review and meta-analysis of evidence from articles that were obtained from databases that included CINAHL, Cochrane library, PsycINFO, CNKI, and Wanfang. |
| A brief description of the strengths of each of the research methodologies used, including reliability and validity of how the methodology was applied in each of the peer-reviewed articles you selected. | One of the strengths of this study is that it compares the effectiveness of telehealth interventions with the traditional face-to-face interaction in the delivery of behavioral interventions. It also reviewed best-available evidence on the topic to come up with conclusive evidence. The reliability and validity of findings were maintained by having a third researcher independently assessing the relevance, appropriateness, and need for the selected articles and data abstraction. | The strength of this research is that it randomized participants into either control or intervention groups to determine the true effect of the interventions. The randomization also enhanced the validity and reliability of the research. The other strength is the use of a large sample size, which strengthened the generalizability of findings. | One of the strengths of this study is that it reviewed evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials to come up with conclusive evidence on the effectiveness of telehealth as compared to face-to-face interventions in depression. The other strength is the inclusion of studies that used a high number of participants, which enhanced the generalizability of outcomes. The authors achieved reliability by using a large sample size. They ensured validity by selecting studies that related to the topic and using independent researchers in searching and extracting data from the selected articles. | The study is associated with the strength of utilizing randomized controlled trials for the systematic review and meta-analysis. It also used a large sample size to ensure reliability and validity of findings. The selected studies were reviewed for potential bias, to ensure the obtained results had a high reliability rate. |
| General Notes/Comments | This article informs the need for telehealth in the delivery of behavioral interventions for patients with mental health problems. | This research demonstrates that the use of telehealth is cost-effective as compared to the use of in-person interventions. | This article shows the effectiveness of telehealth interventions in improving treatment outcomes among patients with depression. | This study supports the use of telehealth interventions to improve outcomes among patients suffering from depression. |
Also Read:
EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 2: ADVANCED LEVELS OF CLINICAL INQUIRY AND SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 3: CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF RESEARCH
DEVELOPING A CULTURE OF EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE
DISCUSSION: PATIENT PREFERENCES AND DECISION MAKING
EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 4: RECOMMENDING AN EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE CHANGE
Conclusion
In summary, the reviewed data shows that telehealth interventions are effective in improving outcomes among patients suffering from depression. The studies show that telehealth interventions may be used to complement the use of face-to-face interventions. The results also show that telehealth reduce the costs associated with depression treatment. Therefore, its use should be explored in my practice site.
References
Bellanti, D. M., Kelber, M. S., Workman, D. E., Beech, E. H., & Belsher, B. E. (2022). Rapid Review on the Effectiveness of Telehealth Interventions for the Treatment of Behavioral Health Disorders. Military Medicine, 187(5–6), e577–e588. https://doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usab318
Egede, L. E., Dismuke, C. E., Walker, R. J., Acierno, R., & Frueh, B. C. (2018). Cost-Effectiveness of Behavioral Activation for Depression in Older Adult Veterans: In-Person Care Versus Telehealth. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 79(5), 3853. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.17m11888
Scott, A. M., Clark, J., Greenwood, H., Krzyzaniak, N., Cardona, M., Peiris, R., Sims, R., & Glasziou, P. (2022). Telehealth v. face-to-face provision of care to patients with depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychological Medicine, 52(14), 2852–2860. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291722002331
Zhao, L., Chen, J., Lan, L., Deng, N., Liao, Y., Yue, L., Chen, I., Wen, S. W., & Xie, R. (2021). Effectiveness of Telehealth Interventions for Women With Postpartum Depression: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JMIR MHealth and UHealth, 9(10), e32544. https://doi.org/10.2196/32544
Sample Answer for NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 1: IDENTIFYING RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES
A central line bloodstream infection (CLABSI) is a laboratory-confirmed bloodstream infection not connected to an infection at another site that occurs within 48 hours of a central line placement. It is associated with poor health outcomes, high morbidity and mortality rates, and high healthcare costs for patients and the healthcare system. Most CLABSI cases are preventable with appropriate aseptic techniques, surveillance, and management strategies. The purpose of this assignment is to analyze peer-reviewed articles related to CLABSI.
Full citation of selected article | Article #1 | Article #2 | Article #3 | Article #4 |
Elliott, J., Hatch, D., Yang, Q., & Granger, B. B. (2021). Results of the CHlorhexidine Gluconate Bathing implementation intervention to improve evidence-based nursing practices for prevention of central line associated bloodstream infections Study (CHanGing BathS): a stepped wedge cluster randomized trial. Implementation science : IS, 16(1), 45. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13012-021-01112-4
| Acharya, R., Bedanta Mishra, S., Ipsita, S., & Azim, A. (2019). Impact of Nursing Education on CLABSI Rates: An Experience from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern India. Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine, 23(7), 316–319. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23205 | Mohapatra, S., Kapil, A., Suri, A., Pandia, M. P., Bhatia, R., Borkar, S., Dube, S. K., Jagdevan, A., George, S., Varghese, B., & Dabral, J. (2020). Impact of Continuous Education and Training in Reduction of Central Line-associated Bloodstream Infection in Neurointensive Care Unit. Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine, 24(6), 414–417. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23455 | Goldman, J., Rotteau, L., Shojania, K. G., Baker, G. R., Rowland, P., Christianson, M. K., Vogus, T. J., Cameron, C., & Coffey, M. (2021). Implementation of a central-line bundle: a qualitative study of three clinical units. Implementation science communications, 2(1), 105. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43058-021-00204-y | |
Why you chose this article and/or how it relates to the clinical issue of interest (include a brief explanation of the ethics of research related to your clinical issue of interest) | · The article was selected because it is concerned with identifying approaches that can prevent CLABSI and the adoption of these interventions among nurses. · It relates to the clinical issue because it provides evidence-based data on interventions that can be employed to lower CLABSI rates in hospitals. · The study was reviewed by the Duke University and WakeMed’s Institutional Review Boards and established to be exempt.
| · The article was selected because it assesses the effectiveness of educational program for nurses and how educating nurses can reduce CLABSI rates. · It relates to the clinical issue because it adds to literature on interventions that can be employed to lower CLABSI rates in hospitals. · All participants gave their informed consent. | · The article was selected because it identifies education as an important aspect of the hospital infection control that improves infection-control practices. · The study supports that continuous education interventions on hand hygiene with and training on the catheter hub care are the two most crucial preventive measures in reducing CLABSI incidence. · Ethical permission for the study was not needed since it was part of routine continuing surveillance activity. | · I selected this article because it gives insight on the impact of socio-cultural factors in CLABSI bundle implementation. · This relates to the clinical issue since socio-cultural factors could be causing high CLABSI rates or hindering the implementation of preventive strategies. · The research was approved by the Research Ethics Boards at the hospital where the research was conducted.
|
Brief description of the aims of the research of each peer-reviewed article | · The aim of the study was to examine the effect of a tailored, multifaceted implementation program on nursing staff’s compliance with the chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) bathing process and EHR documentation in critically ill patients. · It also sought to assess the intervention’s impact on nursing staff’s knowledge and perceptions of CHG bathing, and the effect of the intervention on CLABSI rates.
| · The study carried out an education based program on hand hygiene with a pre- and post evaluation to evaluate the effect of the educational intervention in promoting performance improvement among the nurses. | · The aim of the study was to assess the impact of continuous teaching and training on strict adherence of the bundle care, particularly the compliance of hand hygiene and the care of central-line catheter hub for the prevention of CLABSI among patients in neurocritical ICUs. | · The aim of the study was to assess how socio-cultural factors influencing bundle implementation and practices in three clinical units in a pediatric hospital were identified and addressed by leaders of the safety program. |
Brief description of the research methodology used Be sure to identify if the methodology used was qualitative, quantitative, or a mixed-methods approach. Be specific. | · The researchers utilized a stepped wedged cluster-randomized design. Quantitative methods were used to evaluate assess the effect of utilizing a tailored implementation strategies program on nursing staff compliance with daily CHG bathing processes.
| · The study employed a quantitative quasi-experimental study with respect to education of nursing staff to decrease the incidence of CLABSI. · A pretest and post test design was employed to measure nurses’ knowledge on the infection prevention and control practices of central catheter care. | · The study applied a quantitative prospective observational study in the NICU over two years from January 2017 to December 2018. | · The researchers conducted a qualitative study of the implementation of a hospital-wide safety program |
A brief description of the strengths of each of the research methodologies used, including reliability and validity of how the methodology was applied in each of the peer-reviewed articles you selected. | · The strength of a randomized control trial lies in its excellent internal validity. · The study’s methodology is reliable since it produced results consistent with other studies that have established daily CHG bathing as effective in reducing patients’ risk of infections. · The methodology is valid since it adequately evaluated the impact of the implementation program on nursing staff compliance and CLABSI rates.
| · The methodology is reliable since it produced consistent results with previous studies that show that educating nurses on hand hygiene lower the rates of CLABSI. · The methodology passed the validity criterion since it measures what it was supposed to, that is, the impact of a nurses’ educational intervention in reducing CLABSI. | · The research methodology is reliable since it the results are consistent with other studies that have established that hand hygiene and catheter hub care reduce CLASI rate. · The methodology’s validity is apparent since it actually evaluates if a quality improvement initiative on hand hygiene reduces CLABSI rate. | · The methodology is reliable since it produced results consistent with previous studies that socio-cultural factors play a major role in CLABSI bundle implementation. · Its validity is evident since it sufficiently identified socio-cultural factors related to bundle compliance in CLABSI prevention. |
General Notes/Comments | · Adoption of evidence-based CHG bathing practices can be used to lower the cases of CLABSI in healthcare facilities. · Education programs for nurses and providing feedback on implementation is an effective way of promoting adoption and compliance of this practices.
| · CLABSI rates can be alleviated by enhancing compliance with the basic steps of hand hygiene. Although educating and implementing hand hygiene is easy, sustaining it over time is a challenge and requires regular training and motivation for healthcare providers. | · Adherence of healthcare providers to hand hygiene practices and catheter hub care alongside continuous teaching, training, and supervision is highly effective in reducing the CLABSI rate. | · Difficult to change socio-cultural factors can hinder the sustainability of interventions to reduce CLABSI and are a barrier to further improvements. |
Conclusion
The above articles examined the impact of interventions aimed at preventing CLABSI like hand hygiene and catheter hub care. The impact of nurses’ education programs on implementing the hand hygiene and catheter hub care was also examined. The study findings show that these interventions are highly effective in lowering CLABSI rates. However, one of the articles demonstrates that socio-cultural factors can hinder their implementation. The articles highlight evidence-based interventions that can be applied in a quality improvement initiative on reducing CLABSI rates in a healthcare facility.
References
Acharya, R., Bedanta Mishra, S., Ipsita, S., & Azim, A. (2019). Impact of Nursing Education on CLABSI Rates: An Experience from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern India. Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine, 23(7), 316–319. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23205
Elliott, J., Hatch, D., Yang, Q., & Granger, B. B. (2021). Results of the CHlorhexidine Gluconate Bathing implementation intervention to improve evidence-based nursing practices for prevention of central line associated bloodstream infections Study (CHanGing BathS): a stepped wedge cluster randomized trial. Implementation science : IS, 16(1), 45. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13012-021-01112-4
Goldman, J., Rotteau, L., Shojania, K. G., Baker, G. R., Rowland, P., Christianson, M. K., Vogus, T. J., Cameron, C., & Coffey, M. (2021). Implementation of a central-line bundle: a qualitative study of three clinical units. Implementation science communications, 2(1), 105. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43058-021-00204-y
Mohapatra, S., Kapil, A., Suri, A., Pandia, M. P., Bhatia, R., Borkar, S., Dube, S. K., Jagdevan, A., George, S., Varghese, B., & Dabral, J. (2020). Impact of Continuous Education and Training in Reduction of Central Line-associated Bloodstream Infection in Neurointensive Care Unit. Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine, 24(6), 414–417. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23455
WEEK 1 DISCUSSION: MAIN POST
Introduction
Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) be described as a problem-solving approach to health care delivery that utilizes the best evidence from research studies, patient care information, clinician expertise with patient values and preferences (Melnyk & Etal., 2010). Evidence- Based Practice leads to improved quality of care and patient outcomes, reduced healthcare costs, and increased nurse satisfaction (Walden, n.d.).
Healthcare organization Website Review
For this discussion, I reviewed the website of the ‘National Institute of Health’. Evidence-Based Practice utilization is clearly revealed in this organization’s mission statement: “To seek fundamental knowledge about the nature and behavior of living systems and the application of that knowledge to enhance health, lengthen life, and reduce illness and disability” (NIH, n.d.).
Grounding of Evidence-Based Practice
The NIH is grounded in the use of EBP in order to realize its goals of effective and efficient fostering of creative discoveries and innovative research strategies, and their applications in protecting and improving health; prevention of diseases; expansion of the knowledge base in medical and associated sciences; and promote the highest level of scientific integrity, public accountability, and social responsibility in the conduct of science.
Perception of the NIH
I believe the NIH is an organization that supports the conduction of numerous researches on daily bases on new ways to determine the causes, diagnosis, prevention, and cure of human diseases; and the effects of environmental and social changes to human growth and development. The NIH also engages in directing programs for the collection, dissemination, and exchange of information in medicine and health, the training of medical librarians and other health information specialists as well as developing programs designed to improve the overall health of the Nation. In conclusion, I want to say that the NIH has greatly utilized and promoted the utilization of EBP by other organizations in the country to improve healthcare delivery and patients’ outcomes.
References
Melnyk, B. M., Fineout-Overholt, E., Stillwell, S. B. & Williamson, K. M. (2010). Evidence-Based Practice: Step by Step: The Seven Steps of Evidence-Based Practice. AJN, American Journal of Nursing, 110 (1), 51-53. doi: 10.1097/01.NAJ.0000366056.06605.d2.
National Institute of Health. (n.d). Retrieved from https://www.nih.gov/about-nih/what-we-do/mission-goals
Walden University, LLC. (Producer). (2018). Introduction to Evidence-Based Practice and Research [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.
NURS 6052 Assignment Evidence-Based Project, Part 2 Advanced Levels of Clinical Inquiry and Systematic Reviews
Introduction
- This presentation will discuss:
- A clinical issue of interest- CLABSI
- Developing my PICOT question
- Research Databases used
- Peer-reviewed articles
- Strengths of Systematic Reviews
The following presentation will discuss a clinical issue of interest that I have identified. I will describe how I developed my PICOT question. In addition, I will state the databases I used to conduct my search for the peer-reviewed articles and list the articles used. Besides, I will describe the level of evidence for each article and explain the strengths of using systematic reviews for clinical research.
Clinical Issue of Interest
- Clinical issue- Central line bloodstream infection
- A lab-confirmed bloodstream infection
- It affects patients with central line catheters
- CDC estimate about 41,000 CLABSI annually
- Contributes to: prolonged hospital stays
- High patient care costs & mortality
- Prevention: Aseptic techniques, surveillance, & management
Central line bloodstream infection (CLABSI) is my chosen clinical issue of interest. It is a laboratory-confirmed bloodstream infection not associated with an infection at another site, which occurs within 48 hours of a central line placement (Bell & O’Grady, 2017). CLABSI affects hospitalized patients with central line catheters. It occurs when microorganisms enter a patient’s central line and then into their bloodstream.
CLASI is an issue of interest since the CDC estimates that about 41,000 bloodstream infections are caused by contaminated central lines in U.S. hospitals annually (Bell & O’Grady, 2017). Besides, it contributed to prolonged hospital stays and increased patient care costs and mortality. Nevertheless, most CLABSI cases can be prevented through appropriate aseptic techniques, surveillance, and management interventions (Bell & O’Grady, 2017). The CDC and Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) have developed CLABSI prevention guidelines during central line insertion and maintenance.
PICO
In hospitalized patients with central lines, does daily chlorhexidine baths compared with daily bath with regular soap and water decrease the incidence of CLABSI infections during the hospital stay?
Developing the PICO Question
- Identified population of interest- patients with central line
- Researched for an EBI from peer-reviewed articles
- Intervention- use of daily chlorhexidine baths
- Comparison intervention- bath with regular soap and water
- Indentified outcome- decreasing CLABSI infections
Research Databases
I used several research databases to search peer-reviewed articles on interventions effective in addressing CLABSI among hospitalized patients. The databases include:
PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL Plus.
Peer-Reviewed Articles
Musuuza, J. S., Guru, P. K., O’Horo, J. C., Bongiorno, C. M., Korobkin, M. A., Gangnon, R. E., & Safdar, N. (2019). The impact of chlorhexidine bathing on hospital-acquired bloodstream infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC infectious diseases, 19(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-019-4002-7
Reyes, D. C. V., Bloomer, M., & Morphet, J. (2017). Prevention of central venous line-associated bloodstream infections in adult intensive care units: a systematic review. Intensive and Critical Care Nursing, 43, 12-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iccn.2017.05.006
Reynolds, S. S., Woltz, P., Keating, E., Neff, J., Elliott, J., Hatch, D., … & Granger, B. B. (2021). Results of the Chlorhexidine Gluconate Bathing implementation intervention to improve evidence-based nursing practices for prevention of central line-associated bloodstream infections Study (Changing Baths): a stepped wedge cluster randomized trial. Implementation Science, 16(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13012-021-01112-4
Scheier, T., Saleschus, D., Dunic, M., Fröhlich, M. R., Schüpbach, R., Falk, C., … & Schreiber, P. W. (2021). Implementation of daily chlorhexidine bathing in intensive care units for reduction of central line-associated bloodstream infections. Journal of Hospital Infection, 110, 26-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2021.01.007
Levels of Evidence
- Musuuza et al. (2019)- Level I evidence
- Reyes et al. (2017)- Level I evidence
- Reynolds et al. (2021)- Level II evidence
- Scheier et al. (2021)- Level III evidence
Musuuza et al. (2019) is a level I evidence article. It employs a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, cluster-randomized trials, and quasi-experimental studies.
Reyes et al. (2017) is a level I evidence. It conducted a systematic review of Randomized controlled trials and observational studies.
Reynolds et al. (2021) is a level II evidence article since it uses evidence from a stepped wedge cluster randomized trial.
Scheier et al. (2021) is a level III evidence article since it uses evidence obtained from well-designed controlled trials but without randomization.
Strengths of Using Systematic Reviews for Clinical Research
- Minimizes bias- reliable & accurate conclusions
- Information is easier for the reader to understand
- Produce reliable estimates on interventions’ impact
- Disclose where knowledge is lacking
- Save time for research discoveries & implementation
- Increase generalizability & consistency of outcomes
Systematic reviews concentrate on a specific clinical question and carry out an extensive literature search to discover studies with sound methodology (Møller et al., 2018).
Advantages of using systematic reviews in clinical research include:
- The method employed to find and select the studies minimizes bias and thus highly likely to lead to reliable and accurate conclusions (Møller et al., 2018).
- Systematic reviews sum up findings from multiple studies, making the information easier for the reader to understand.
- They abide by a strict scientific design founded on explicit, pre-specified, and reproducible methods. Consequently, they produce reliable estimates about the impact of interventions to make defensible conclusions (Møller et al., 2018).
- They disclose where knowledge is lacking, which guides future clinical research.
- They save time used in research discoveries and implementation (Møller et al., 2018).
- Systematic reviews also increase the generalizability and consistency of outcomes.
References
Bell, T., & O’Grady, N. P. (2017). Prevention of Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections. Infectious disease clinics of North America, 31(3), 551–559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idc.2017.05.007
Møller, M. H., Ioannidis, J. P., & Darmon, M. (2018). Are systematic reviews and meta-analyses still useful research? We are not sure. Intensive Care Medicine, 44(4), 518-520. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-017-5039-y