NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 3: CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF RESEARCH
Walden University NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 3: CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF RESEARCH – Step-By-Step Guide
This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Walden University NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 3: CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF RESEARCH assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.
How to Research and Prepare for NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 3: CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF RESEARCH
Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Walden University NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 3: CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF RESEARCH depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.
After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.
How to Write the Introduction for NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 3: CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF RESEARCH
The introduction for the Walden University NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 3: CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF RESEARCH is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.
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How to Write the Body for NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 3: CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF RESEARCH
After the introduction, move into the main part of the NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 3: CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF RESEARCH assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.
Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.
How to Write the Conclusion for NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 3: CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF RESEARCH
After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.
How to Format the References List for NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 3: CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF RESEARCH
The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.
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Sample Answer for NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 3: CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF RESEARCH
Evaluation Table
Psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs) critically appraise existing literature to determine the best practice approaches to deliver patient care. The analysis helps these providers to evaluate peer-reviewed articles on different issues affecting healthcare delivery, especially mental health. Access to mental health care services is critical for better outcomes because it increases the implementation of evidence-based practice interventions. Mental health disorders constitute a growing public health concern and issue as evidence shows that close to 21% of American adults suffer from different forms of mental health issues. The purpose of this critical appraisal tool is to analyze four peer-reviewed articles and determine the best practices to enhance mental health delivery by mental health practitioners.
| Full APA formatted citation of the selected article. | Article #1 | Article #2 | Article #3 | Article #4 |
| Carbonell, A., Navarro‐Pérez, J. J., & Mestre, M. V. (2020). Challenges and barriers to mental healthcare systems and their impact on the family: A systematic integrative review. Health & social care in the community, 28(5), 1366-1379. DOI: 10.1111/hsc.12968 | Coombs, N. C., Meriwether, W. E., Caringi, J., & Newcomer, S. R. (2021). Barriers to healthcare access among US adults with mental health challenges: A population-based study. SSM-population health, 15, 100847. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100847 | McBain, R. K., Schuler, M. S., Qureshi, N., Matthews, S., Kofner, A., Breslau, J., & Cantor, J. H. (2023). Expansion of Telehealth Availability for Mental Health Care After State-Level Policy Changes From 2019 to 2022. JAMA Network Open, 6(6), e2318045-e2318045. DOI:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.18045 | Mongelli, F., Georgakopoulos, P., & Pato, M. T. (2020). Challenges and opportunities to meet the mental health needs of underserved and disenfranchised populations in the United States. Focus, 18(1), 16-24. DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.20190028 | |
| Evidence Level * (I, II, or III) | I | II | II | V |
| Conceptual Framework Describe the theoretical basis for the study (If there is not one mentioned in the article, say that here).** | The conceptual framework in this study entails the identification of challenges and barriers existing in mental health care systems and their effects on families | The authors used Levesque’s conceptual framework to analyze and synthesize the different healthcare access-associated question items in the NHIS. | The conceptual framework used in the study | The theoretical basis for this study is the need to improve access to mental health services for underserved and disenfranchised populations |
| Design/Method Describe the design and how the study was carried out (In detail, including inclusion/exclusion criteria). | The article uses a systematic review method based on their set inclusion criteria. In this case, it included and critically evaluated studies published between 2015 and 2019 in English. | The authors use a cross-sectional study based on data from the National Health Interview Survey for the 2017-2018 period. | The authors employed facility-based data based on the RAND Human Subjects Protection Committee. The model exempts cohort study from review because it does not involve human subjects. | The article offers a summary of existing literature on gaps and opportunities to enhance access to mental health services for the target population. |
| Sample/Setting The number and characteristics of patients, attrition rate, etc. | Based on the selection criteria, the authors reviewed 32 articles. | The sample comprised 50, 103 adults with a majority reporting at least a barrier to healthcare access (95.6%). | The study population comprised outpatient mental health treatment facilities based on the Mental Health and Addiction Treatment Tracking Repository (MATTR). The authors used 12828 mental health facilities as a sample for the study | The study does not entail samples but focuses on different settings where minority populations get treatment for their mental health issues |
Nursing practices influence the risks for CAUTIs among the patients in ICU. Therefore, there is need to develop evidence-based practices that will help reduce the burden of CAUTIs among the patients on catheters. The current study appraises the various sources providing recommendations on the best practices to reduce CAUTIs.
Evaluation Table
| Full APA formatted citation of selected article. | Article #1 | Article #2 | Article #3 | Article #4 |
| Parker, V., Giles, M., Graham, L., Suthers, B., Watts, W., O’Brien, T., & Searles, A. (2017). Avoiding inappropriate urinary catheter use and catheter-associated urinary tract infections: a pre-post control intervention study. BMC Health Services, 17(314). doi: 10.1186/s12913-017-2268-2. | Ferguson, A. (2018). Implementing a CAUTI Prevention Program in an Acute Care Hospital Setting. Urologic Nursing,38(6), 273–302. DOI: 10.7257/1053-816X.2018.38.6.273. | Scanlon, K. A. (2017). Saving Lives and Reducing Harm: A CAUTI Reductions Program. Nursing Economics, 35(3):134-141. | Menegueti, M. G., Ciol, M. A., Bellissimo-Rodrigues, F., Auxiliadora-Martins, M., Gaspar, G. G., Canini, S. R. M. da S., Bakir., M. (2019). Long-term prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections among critically ill patient through the implementation of an educational program and a daily checklist for maintenance of indwelling urinary catheter: A quasi-experimental study. Medicine. 98(8). DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000014417 | |
| Evidence Level * (I, II, or III) | II | II | I | I |
| Conceptual Framework Describe the theoretical basis for the study (If there is not one mentioned in the article, say that here).** | No theoretical framework mentioned in the text. | No theoretical or conceptual framework defined. | The study was based on the dry bag Concept”, innovative modifications and root cause analysis concept. | No theoretical framework indicated |
| Design/Method Describe the design and how the study was carried out (In detail, including inclusion/exclusion criteria). | The study used the multiple pre-post control intervention design based on the phased mixed method. The sample population included four acute care hospitals from the two Health Districts in NSW. The point data were collected from all the adult inpatient wards in the hospital. | The study involved the use of survey design to assess the effects of offering on-time educational program to enhance nurses’ knowledge about CAUTIs. | The study involved quantitative measures in determining the overall success of standardized infection ratio, rations and catheter days in intensive care unit and non-critical areas in the facility | The study involved a quasi-experimental study conducted in an intensive care unit of hospital for over 12 years. |
| Sample/Setting The number and characteristics of patients, attrition rate, etc. | The sample used in the study were obtained from the acute care hospital. A total of 500 patients per Health District were targeted. | The sample population included two units in a 393-bed acute care facility and a total of 59 nurses completed the education program in three months-term | The study was conducted in non-ICU setting. | The study was conducted in the intensive care unit setting. Sample size not defined |
| Major Variables Studied List and define dependent and independent variables | The dependent variable was the catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) while the dependent variable was appropriate urinary catheter insertion practices. | The dependent variable was education on CUATIs prevention while the independent variable was CAUTIs risk. | The dependent variable was risk for CAUTIs while independent variables included the interventions developed such as standardized infection ratio, rations and catheter days in intensive care unit and non-critical areas in the facility | The independent variables included healthcare workers (HCWs) educational program and a daily checklist for indwelling urinary catheter indications. The dependent variable included CAUTIs. |
| Measurement Identify primary statistics used to answer clinical questions (You need to list the actual tests done). | Descriptive statistics were used to determine the trends in the CAUTIs. | Descriptive statistics were used to compare the outcomes before and after the intervention. | The study involved the use of descriptive statistics. | Descriptive statistics were used in the study. |
| Data Analysis Statistical or Qualitative findings (You need to enter the actual numbers determined by the statistical tests or qualitative data). | No actual data indicated. | The mean value for the knowledge on institutional policies before and after the interventions were 9.71 and 12.3 respectively. Mean for the method to prevent catheter-related infections were 4.59 and 5.24 respectively. | The CAUTIs reduced by h, 2015 reduced by 57% with a SIR of .67, following the intervention. | The study reports that the urinary catheter utilization decreased from phase I to phase IV (73.1%, 74.1%, 54.9%, and 45.6%, respectively). The rate of CAUTI decreased from phase I to phase IV (14.9, 7.3, 3.8, and 1.1 per 1000 catheter-days, respectively |
| Findings and Recommendations General findings and recommendations of the research | The study findings indicated that regular evaluation in the clinical practices can significantly help in reducing the burden on CAUTIs. | The study recommends the provision of education to the nurses on CAUTIs prevention. | Healthcare institution should consciously develop measures to minimize CAUTIs. | Providing education to healthcare workers on CAUTIs prevention can be implemented to address the high burden of infections among patients in ICU. |
| Appraisal and Study Quality Describe the general worth of this research to practice. What are the strengths and limitations of study? What are the risks associated with implementation of the suggested practices or processes detailed in the research? What is the feasibility of use in your practice? | The strength of the study is that it used a multifaceted approach where the intervention focused on mixed methods to provide the answer to the research question. On the other hand, the main weakness in the study is that it fails to provide statistical evidence to the effectiveness of the improvement protocols developed in the hospitals. The findings from the study be supplemented with the results from other study. | The study’s strength is that it includes a multifaceted nature, interactive program that is consistent with literature on evidence-based care practice. On the other hand, the weakness is that the sample population was not adequate to provide data to be inferred to the general population. The study findings are feasible and can be used to address CAUTIs issues in hospitals. | The main strength in the article is that it provides data to show the effectiveness of developing and transferring best practices in all areas of care in the facility, especially in critical. On the other hand, the main weakness is that the study does not define the sample population characteristics. Findings from the study are feasible and can be used in clinical practice. | The study has strengths as it was carried out for over ten years and so provides tested and verified results. On the other hand, the weakness is that the study does not provides the approaches used in monitoring the practices in the ICU unit. Findings from the study are reliable and feasible for clinical practice. |
| Key findings | The critical care nurses can reduce CAUTIs by understanding the effects of indwelling catheters and catheterization. | Education can help reduce the burden of CAUTIs in hospitals. | Continuous education on infection prevention reduces the risk for CAUTIs. | Healthcare workers (HCWs) educational program and a daily checklist for indwelling urinary catheter indications reduced the risk of CAUTIs. |
| Outcomes | Reduced CAUTIs | Improved level of knowledge on CAUTIs prevention | Risk for CAUTIs | Risk for CAUTIs |
| General Notes/Comments | Healthcare facilities should engage continuous quality improvement process. | Healthcare facilities should have standard measures to prevent CAUTIs. | The study indicates that generation of data is a critical aspect of improving overall patient delivery and safety, especially in infection control. | The study indicates that effective programs over a duration provides a comprehensive outlook of the benefits of safety interventions focused on improving quality of care delivered to patients. |
Part 3
The burden presented by CAUTIs among the patients in the intensive care units cannot be underestimated. Therefore, healthcare institutions should be deliberate in providing quality improvement and safety protocols for the healthcare workers in the units. The review of literature indicates the need to provide continuous education to the healthcare providers and ensuring that they promote the safety of their patients and minimize the risks of CAUTIs transmission. The role of education in reducing the burden of CAUTIs among the patients in ICU was highly emphasized (Ferguson, 2018).
The education should be provided continuously to the healthcare provider to increase their level of consciousness in promoting safety during the catheter insertion. Besides, the regular insertions and prolonged stay of the catheters were also associated with increased risk for infection. The findings from the studies provide relevant guidelines that can be implemented to promote safe treatment environment for the patients in needs of catheter insertion and they are supported by Durant (2017). It is apparent that some of the healthcare providers are not aware of the safety measures needed for the ICU practice and so may predispose the patients to CAUTIs by failing to observe the aseptic measures.
Finally, the results from the analysis are essential and can be used to promote safety in the ICU departments. The risk for CAUTIs is high among the patients with prolonged catheterizations (Carr, 2017). Therefore, the nurses and healthcare providers must observe aseptic protocols. However, such can only be effective with standardized protocols and procedures for ICU nursing practice.
Also Read:
DEVELOPING A CULTURE OF EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE
DISCUSSION: PATIENT PREFERENCES AND DECISION MAKING
EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 4: RECOMMENDING AN EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE CHANGE
Conclusion
CAUTIs are significant factors in the delivery of healthcare. Several studies have analyzed the interventions that could help facilities to address them. There is a consensus amongst the studies that education of healthcare providers will play a fundamental role in reducing the incidences of CAUTIs in facilities.
References
Carr, A. N. (2017). CAUTI Prevention: Streaming Quality Care in a Progressive Care Unit. Medsurg Nursing, 26(5).
Durant, D. J. (2017). Nurse-driven protocols and the prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections: a systematic review. American journal of infection control, 45(12), 1331-1341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2017.07.020
Ferguson, A. (2018). Implementing a CAUTI Prevention Program in an Acute Care Hospital Setting. Urologic Nursing, 38(6). DOI: 10.7257/1053-816X.2018.38.6.273.
Menegueti, M. G., Ciol, M. A., Bellissimo-Rodrigues, F., Auxiliadora-Martins, M., Gaspar, G. G., Canini, S. R. M. da S., Bakir., M. (2019). Long-term prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections among critically ill patient through the implementation of an educational program and a daily checklist for maintenance of indwelling urinary catheter: A quasi-experimental study. Medicine. 98(8). DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000014417
Parker, V., Giles, M., Graham, L., Suthers, B., Watts, W., O’Brien, T., & Searles, A. (2017). Avoiding inappropriate urinary catheter use and catheter-associated urinary tract infections: a pre-post control intervention study. BMC Health Services, 17(314). doi: 10.1186/s12913-017-2268-2.
Scanlon, K. A. (2017). Saving Lives and Reducing Harm: A CAUTI Reductions Program. Nursing Economics, 35(3):134-141.
Sample Answer 2 for NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 3: CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF RESEARCH
Introduction
A critical appraisal assists in reducing the research burden by enabling a researcher to identify and focus more on relevant articles to their research question. The research can either provide support or disapprove the claims made by the researcher through the utilization of quality, and evidence-based practice interventions. The selected topic for the research study is use of resilience training to redice the problem of nurse burnout among nurses in different care settings. Nurse burnout remains a critical problem that impacts the quality of care and patient outcomes in different care setting. Resilience training allows nurses to develop and use evidence-based interventions to reduce burnout and enhance their overall performance and improve the quality of care.
Evidence-based practice (EBP) incorporates best practices from studies and patient care information with clinician experience and patient preferences leading to the delivery of highest quality of care, and improving patient outcomes. The use of EBP requires care providers to formulate a clinical question of interest. In this case, the PICOT question is: Among nurses with burnout (P), does resilience training (I) compared to no intervention (C) reduce burnout(O) in six months (T)? The purpose of this assignment is to appraises critically peer-reviewed article for evidence to support resilience training among nurses with burnout to reduce its prevalence.
Full APA formatted | Article #1 | Article #2 | Article #3 | Article #4 |
citation of selected article | Wang, Q. Q., Lv, W. J., Qian, R. L., & Zhang, Y. H. (2019). Job burnout and quality of working life among Chinese nurses: A cross‐sectional study. Journal of Nursing Management, 27(8), 1835-1844. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12884 | Yu, F., Raphael, D., Mackay, L., Smith, M., & King, A. (2019). Personal and work-related factors associated with nurse resilience: A systematic review. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 93, 129-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.02.014 | Brook, J., Aitken, L. M., MacLaren, J. A., & Salmon, D. (2021). An intervention to decrease burnout and increase retention of early career nurses: A mixed methods study of acceptability and feasibility. BMC Nursing, 20(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-020-00524-9 | Deldar, K., Froutan, R., Dalvand, S., Gheshlagh, R. G., & Mazloum, S. R. (2018). The Relationship between Resiliency and Burnout in Iranian Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Open access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 6(11), 2250–2256. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2018.428 |
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Evidence Level * (I, II, or III) | II | I | III | I |
Conceptual Framework
Describe the theoretical basis for the study (If there is not one mentioned in the article, say that here).** | Not provided | Not mentioned | Behavioral change involving use of interventions like cognitive realignment, mindfulness and psychological skills training | Behavior change through increased resiliency training and interventions to improve coping mechanisms. |
Design/Method
Describe the design and how the study was carried out (In detail, including inclusion/exclusion criteria). | Cross-sectional survey where 2504 nurses participated in Eastern China. The researchers invited nurses to complete self-report questionnaire online. | Systematic Review with the aims of identifying the linked personal and work-related factors of nurse resilience. | The article’s design was explanatory sequential mixed methods. The participants were final year pre-registration nursing students in a UK university and healthcare organizations. | The article used a meta-analysis to conduct the study aimed at determining the effects of resiliency on various components of nurses’ professional burnout. |
Sample/Setting
The number and characteristics of patients, attrition rate, etc. | The study was conducted virtually with 2504 nurses completing self-report online questionnaires | The study used data from literature review in five databases based on terms like resilience, occupation, job, nursing and work. | The sample included 74 pre-registration nursing students and 7 academics in a UK university and healthcare organizations. | The researchers used data based on targeted literature review in national and international databases in Persian and English. |
Major Variables Studied List and define dependent and independent variables | Dependent-Quality of life Independent- Job burnout | Dependent Variable-Various components in nursing care Independent Variable-Job burnout | Dependent Variable-Multiple Interventions Independent-Retention of nurses | Dependent-Resiliency & burnout Independent-Conducting nursing education |
Measurement
Identify primary statistics used to answer clinical questions (You need to list the actual tests done). | The researchers measured the quality of working life based on different aspects like age, income and patient-nurse ratio. | The study used a total of 38 articles that met the criteria through a systematic review and narrative synthesis. The authors also used different scales leading to being unfeasible to synthesize the evidence. | Pre and Post measure of acceptability using an Acceptability Theoretical Framework | Researchers used heterogeneity to measure the results by I2 test. |
Data Analysis Statistical or Qualitative findings
(You need to enter the actual numbers determined by the statistical tests or qualitative data). | The study used Pearson’s correlation and multiple regression to analyze collected data. | The study used a quality assessment tool to analyze articles that met the criteria where 23 were rated as good, 15 as fair and 20 as risky due to significant levels of bias. | The researchers used the COREQ guidelines to analyze collected data in a thematic manner. | The researchers used STATA software v.14 to analyze the data. |
Findings and Recommendations
General findings and recommendations of the research | The findings show that close to two-thirds of nurses experienced job burnout leading to a moderate level of quality of life. | Knowing nurse resilience can assist proactively in the identification and potential issues, this fostering job resources and ultimately attaining personal and professional growth. The study recommends more research to explore resilience and develop a regular instrument to measure resilience. | The authors assert that the interventions equipped nursing students with skills and experience to attain personal endurance. | The authors assert that the meta-analysis conducted on the observational studies illustrated a correlation between resiliency and burnout with values of -0.57 at a 95% confidential interval. The authors assert that there is a relationship between resiliency and burnout and recommend the planning for the interventional and resilient training courses in nursing education. |
Appraisal and Study Quality
Describe the general worth of this research to practice.
What are the strengths and limitations of study? | The research has significant value to practice as it shows the relationship between job burnout and the quality of life among nurses. The main strength of the study is its use cross-sectional survey where nurses from different setting accepted to have online self-report questionnaire. However, a limitation of the study could be a possible bias from the self-reporting nurses. | The study is significant as it shows the need to enhance knowledge on resilience among nurses. Therefore, it is worth for practice interventions in nursing care. The strengths of the study include its design that allows collection of a wide-range of data with various outcomes, and better outcomes that can be applied in nursing care. However, bias is significant based on the application of different outcomes from the study. | The main strength of the study is its study design and the sample selected. The design allowed them to engage both academics and nursing students on ways to enhance resilience and fight job burnout. However, a limitation is its use of the sample since it does not involve the nurses who practically handle patients. | The research is essential to practice because it demonstrates the need to incorporate resiliency education in nursing to prepare nursing students and even practitioners. A primary strength of this study is the use of systematic review and meta-analysis that allows them to collect a wide-range of data on the issue at hand. The main limitation is that the data can lead to formulation and testing of research hypotheses based on false impressions. |
What are the risks associated with implementation of the suggested practices or processes detailed in the research?
What is the feasibility of use in your practice? | The risk may include bias leading to misguided interventions among nurses and healthcare facilities. The feasibility of using the findings in my practice is high based on its outcomes. | The risk include misinterpretation due to possible bias. The feasibility of using the article’s findings is significant due to its outcomes and recommendations. | The risk inherent to implementation is that it may not capture the real work-life experience of burnout based on its selected sample. The study has no feasibility of being used in my practice due to its population sample as it does not capture practical nursing care situation. | The implementation of the recommended practices or processes does not have any risks except those associated with misinterpretation and possible false impression based on the multiple sources of data. The study’s findings can be used in my practice with a high feasibility based on the level of knowledge among the practitioners. |
Key findings | The key findings suggest that job burnout has negative impact on the quality of nurse’s working life. The authors recommend consideration of work-associated factors to enhance nurses’ quality of life. | Key findings include the need to assist nurses establish strategies to deal with adversity and understand the impacts of job demands and research to discover nurse resilience and develop consistent tools to enhance resilience. | The findings show the need enhance endurance training for nursing students for their future career’s challenges as it will improve their ability to tackle job burnouts. | The study is emphatic that a relationship exists between resilience and nurse burnout as it demonstrates that through education, nurses can have reduced levels of burnout. |
Outcomes | The outcomes suggest that a majority of nurses’ experience job burnouts that have negative effects on their working life. | The outcomes include understanding that increased nurse resilience assists nurses to reduce emotional exhaustion and enhance work engagement and function when they encounter challenges in the workplace. | The outcomes recommend feasibility of new knowledge concerning the importance of the suggested intervention to enhance resilience in dealing with nurse burnout. | The outcomes emphasize the need to plan and develop interventional approaches that enhance the level of evidence and implementation of educational training to increase nurses’ knowledge on the burnout and resiliency. |
General Notes/Comments | The article is critical in enhancing understanding and the need for interventions to reduce job burnout among nurses and enhance use of evidence-based practice. | The article’s findings are essential in development of effective understanding about the effects of burnout and should be used in practice to highlight the significance of evidence-based practice interventions. | The study suggests effective use of endurance training to prepare nursing students to understand the nature of the nursing environment for better care provision. | The need to reduce burnout among nurses is essential and the article is emphatic that increased nursing education can assist in such endeavors. Therefore, the findings are critical in improving overall application of evidence-based practice interventions in different areas in nursing practice. |
- Level I
Experimental, randomized controlled trial (RCT), systematic review RTCs with or without meta-analysis
- Level II
Quasi-experimental studies, systematic review of a combination of RCTs and quasi-experimental studies, or quasi-
experimental studies only, with or without meta-analysis
- Level III
Nonexperimental, systematic review of RCTs, quasi-experimental with/without meta-analysis, qualitative, qualitative
systematic review with/without meta-synthesis
- Level IV
Respected authorities’ opinions, nationally recognized expert committee/consensus panel reports based on scientific evidence
- Level V
Literature reviews, quality improvement, program evaluation, financial evaluation, case reports, nationally recognized
expert(s) opinion based on experiential evidence
**Note on Conceptual Framework
- The following information is from Walden academic guides who helps explain conceptual frameworks and the reasons they are used in research. Here is the link https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/library/conceptualframe
Part 3B: Critical Appraisal of Research
Nurse burnout is a leading cause of increasing rate of nurse turnover and nursing staff shortage in different care settings. The increasing demand for healthcare across the various demographics implores healthcare providers and organizations and their management to develop interventions based on evidence-based practice to address the issue of burnout. Nurse burnout leads to poor care delivery and outcomes for patients and low levels of satisfaction (The Joint Commission, 2019). As such, the best practice that emerges from the reviewed research is the need to enhance effective nurse training and education to help nursing professional deal with the issue and apply innovative ways in their care practice for better delivery and patient outcomes (Yılmaz, 2017). The research review demonstrates the need for stakeholders, especially leaders to invest in training programs to enhance resilience of nurses. The increased demand for health care across the demographics divide imply that nurses should understand the care environment and know that the possibility of burnout is significant but can be tackled using innovative approaches to lessen their emotional and psychological burden.
The best practice should focus in resiliency training as identified by different research studies highlighted in the first part of this paper. Resiliency has a positive interaction with nurse burnout as it allows nurses to adopt the best practices to lessen effects of burnout and remain focused on effective care interventions. As opined by Brook et al. (2021), both nursing students and professionals need effective resilience training to enhance their skills and have a positive attitude to solving rising demand and diversity in the healthcare environment. The training should incorporate cultural competence as an effective approach to improving overall understanding about the concept to tackle the adverse effects of burnout.
Conclusion
Nurse burnout remains a critical health issue and leads to nursing shortage and turnover that impact quality care among different patient populations. The critical appraisal exercise and paper illustrate the need to develop interventions that will enhance overall care delivery by training nurses and nursing students on resilience framework to prepare them better in handling stressful situation associated with increased demand for care. Again, resilience training will impact their perspective on different and innovative ways to engage patients and ensure that they tackle the issue of burnout.
References
Brook, J., Aitken, L. M., MacLaren, J. A., & Salmon, D. (2021). An intervention to decrease burnout and increase retention of early career nurses: A mixed methods study of acceptability and feasibility. BMC Nursing, 20(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-020-00524-9
Deldar, K., Froutan, R., Dalvand, S., Gheshlagh, R. G., & Mazloum, S. R. (2018). The Relationship between Resiliency and Burnout in Iranian Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Open access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 6(11), 2250–2256. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2018.428
The Joint Commission (2019). Quick Safety: Developing resilience to combat nurse burnout. https://www.jointcommission.org//media/tjc/newsletters/quick_safety_nurse_resilience_final_7_19_19pdf.pdf
Wang, Q. Q., Lv, W. J., Qian, R. L., & Zhang, Y. H. (2019). Job burnout and quality of working life among Chinese nurses: A cross‐sectional study. Journal of Nursing Management, 27(8), 1835-1844. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12884
Yılmaz, E. B. (2017). Resilience as a strategy for struggling against challenges related to the nursing profession. Chinese Nursing Research, 4(1), 9-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnre.2017.03.004
Yu, F., Raphael, D., Mackay, L., Smith, M., & King, A. (2019). Personal and work-related factors associated with nurse resilience: A systematic review. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 93, 129-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.02.014
Part 3B: Best Practice from the Appraisal
Based on the critical appraisal above, it is evident that increased staffing levels for nurses play a critical role in improving patient care and promoting better patient outcomes. This is widely considered a best practice and is supported by the above evidence. Nurses are the backbone of any healthcare system and are essential in ensuring quality care delivery. Blegen et al. (1998) note that adequate nurse staffing levels reduce medical errors and improve patient safety. With a lower nurse-to-patient ratio, nurses can better monitor patient conditions, respond to emergencies, and provide timely interventions. This reduces the risk of adverse outcomes and prevents patient harm.
Nurse burnout is a common phenomenon in the healthcare industry, and it significantly impacts patient care. Burnout is a state of emotional, physical, and mental exhaustion caused by prolonged exposure to stressful work situations (Dall’Ora et al., 2020). It can lead to negative consequences for nurses and patients, including decreased quality of care, increased medical errors, and patient dissatisfaction. One of the main ways that nurse burnout affects patient care is through the quality of care provided. Burnt-out nurses may be less attentive to patient needs and may provide rushed or inadequate care. This can result in missed diagnoses, delayed treatments, and poor patient outcomes. Burnout also affects nurses’ ability to communicate effectively with patients and their families. They may become short-tempered, irritable, and unapproachable, decreasing patient satisfaction (Khatatbeh et al., 2021). This can be reduced by increasing nurse staffing levels and providing favorable shifts for nurses to balance the nurse-patient ratio to manageable levels effectively.
Although increasing nurse staffing levels may seem expensive, it can actually be cost-effective in the long run. Studies have shown that the costs associated with medical errors and poor patient outcomes far outweigh the costs of hiring additional nurses. For example, a report by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (2021) found that increasing nurse staffing levels by just one full-time equivalent nurse per 100 patients was associated with a 9% decrease in patient mortality rates and a cost savings of $62,000 per hospital stay. In addition to the cost savings associated with preventing medical errors and poor patient outcomes, increasing nurse staffing levels can lead to other cost savings. For instance, healthcare organizations can save money on recruitment, orientation, and training costs by reducing nurse burnout and turnover. Higher nurse staffing levels can also increase efficiency and productivity, reducing the need for overtime pay and other staffing-related expenses.
NURS 6052 Module 6 Evidence-Based Project Part 4 Recommending an Evidence-Based Practice Change
Description of Health Care Organization
- I am employed at a medical unit that specializes in surgical and telemetry procedures.
- The organization is of moderate size.
- The company is dedicated to the welfare of its clients/patients.
- The organization exhibits a high degree of inclusivity and comprises individuals from many cultural backgrounds.
- Our company is dedicated to upholding honesty and adhering to ethical principles.
- The company has a high degree of adaptability and agility in response to change.
Current Problem / Opportunity for Change
- The organization is confronted with the difficulty of integrating new nurses into the hospital.
- This problem poses a significant challenge for nurses when transitioning to practical application (Wakefield et al., 2023).
- Ultimately, this problem leads to a significant increase in the rate at which nurses leave their jobs.
- The stakeholders engaged include the HR manager and the HR department.
- The adjustment would entail elevated expenditures for the firm, hence increasing the related risks.
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Evidence Based Idea for Change
- A concept supported by empirical data is the implementation of mentorship programs for novice nurses.
- This will include the allocation of experienced nurses to serve as mentors for newly hired nurses (Helen & Charlené, 2020).
- The mentors will have the responsibility of assisting new nurses in acquainting themselves with the demands and expectations of their employment (See et al., 2023).
- Mentors will aid and guidance to the newly hired nurses.
- The selection of nurse mentors will be determined by their experience and skills (Hoffmann et al., 2014).
- This will provide a more optimal experience for novice nurses throughout the first months of their professional practice.
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Plan for Knowledge Transfer
- Knowledge generation requires the presence of explicit knowledge.
- information is obtained by doing research, and the sources of this information include evidence-based resources.
- An organizational-level presentation will be used to disseminate information.
- Organizational adoption refers to the process of choosing a small group of nurses to serve as mentors.
- Implementation involves informing newly recruited nurses about their roles and facilitating their interaction with a mentor.
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Results
- An optimal approach for sharing the outcomes of outsourcing records management is by presenting at the corporate level.
- A presentation at the organizational level will provide stakeholders the chance to pose inquiries.
- The preparation for the presentation necessitates a reduced amount of time and effort.
- Given the limited size of the audience, this strategy is the optimal approach for spreading information.
- The presentation may be organized in a manner that aligns with the objectives of the company.
Measurable Outcomes
- Enhancing employee happiness: The introduction of new nurses will result in heightened work satisfaction.
- Reduced attrition rate – fewer nurses will voluntarily terminate their employment at the institution.
- Enhanced service quality- the services provided by the newly recruited nurses will be of higher quality.
- Positive patient experiences and results will result in increased patient satisfaction with the services provided.
- Enhanced revenue – improved patient experiences will result in a higher influx of patients and therefore, increased profitability (Opperman et al., 2016).
Summary of Critical Appraisal
- During the assessment, I assessed four academic sources.
- The sources consist of peer-reviewed publications, which are considered reliable and authoritative for research purposes.
- Two of the chosen articles are classified as level I evidence.
- The two additional articles used are classified as level II evidence.
- The articles provide relevant information pertaining to my PICOT query.
- The discussion is on mentorship and ideas for transitioning into critical care nursing.
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Lesson Learned from Critical Appraisal
- Nurses need a sense of belonging inside an organization.
- Nurses who lack a feeling of belonging have difficulties and may choose to depart from an organization.
- Collegial support is crucial for recent graduates as they move into professional practice (Aydogan & Ulupinar, 2020).
- Mentorship programs effectively reduce the incidence of attrition in critical care nursing.
- Mentorship helps nurses in attaining clinical goals.
References
Aydogan, Y., & Ulupinar, S. (2020). Determining the learning needs of new graduated nurses working in inpatient care institutions. Nurse Education Today, 92, 104510.
Helen H. & Charlené D. (2020). Clinical learning environment: lived experiences of post-basic critical care nursing students 100263–100263-.
Hoffmann, T. C., Montori, V. M., & Del Mar, C. (2014). The connection between evidence-based medicine and shared decision making. JAMA, 312(13), 1295–1296. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2014.10186
Opperman, C., Liebig, D., Bowling, J., Johnson, C. S., & Harper, M. (2016). Measuring Return on Investment for Professional Development Activities: A Review of the Evidence. Journal for nurses in professional development, 32(3), 122–129. https://doi.org/10.1097/NND.0000000000000262
See, E. C. W., Koh, S. S. L., Baladram, S., & Shorey, S. (2023). Role transition of newly graduated nurses from nursing students to registered nurses: A qualitative systematic review. Nurse education today, 121, 105702.
Wakefield, E., Innes, K., Dix, S., & Brand, G. (2023). Belonging in high acuity settings: What is needed for newly graduated registered nurses to successfully transition? A qualitative systematic review. Nurse education today, 121, 105686
Sample Answer 3 for NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 3: CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF RESEARCH
Critical evaluation of evidence from selected peer-reviewed research articles on a topic of interest enables advanced education nursing students to determine a best practice that emerges for implementation in clinical settings. Providers and nursing students implement the best practices from these articles as envisaged by the evidence-based practice (EBP) process (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2023). This part of the EBP project aims to critically appraise research articles on increasing accessibility to mental health by leveraging technologies like telehealth for individuals in remote locations with mobility issues. The critical appraisal determines a best practice that emanates from the analysis for implementation in clinical settings to expand access to mental health services across various populations and locations.
Full APA formatted citation of the selected article. | Article #1 | Article #2 | Article #3 | Article #4 |
Watanabe, J., Teraura, H., Nakamura, A., & Kotani, K. (2023). Telemental health in rural areas: a systematic review. Journal of Rural Medicine, 18(2): 50-54. DOI: 10.2185/jrm.2022-059
| Yom-Tov, E., Lekkas, D., Heinz, M. V., Nguyen, T., Barr, P. J., & Jacobson, N. C. (2023). Digitally filling the access gap in mental health care: an investigation of the association between rurality and online engagement with validated self-report screens across the United States. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 157, 112-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.11.024 | Talarico, I. (2021). The use of telehealth to increase mental health services access and promote medication adherence in rural locations. Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 33(11), 1074-1079. DOI: 10.1097/JXX.0000000000000495 | Nelson, D., Inghels, M., Kenny, A., Skinner, S., McCranor, T., Wyatt, S., … & Gussy, M. (2023). Mental health professionals and telehealth in a rural setting: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Health Services Research, 23(1), 200. DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09083-6 | |
Evidence Level * (I, II, or III)
| I A systematic review of literature of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from MEDLINE and Cochrane databases. | II A cohort study comprising individuals self-reporting online mental health screening in rural areas. | I A cohort study of a pilot project for a specialty mental health treatment facility. | II A cross-sectional survey on experiences, use, and perceptions of telehealth before and after the COVID-19 pandemic-enforced changes in the delivery of mental health services. |
Conceptual Framework
Describe the theoretical basis for the study (If there is not one mentioned in the article, say that here).**
| The theoretical basis for the study was a high prevalence of mental disorders and limited or shortage of resources and accessibility in rural areas. | The theoretical basis for the study is founded on the impact of online mental health screening resources that can improve awareness and detection of mental illness among populations with limited access to mental health services. | The researcher used a relationship-based care model developed by Koloroutis and uses seven core components. The model represents a framework for a continuous therapeutic relationship over time to attain positive outcomes. | The theoretical basis for the study was the increased integration of telehealth interventions at the height of the COVID-19 pandemic and its effects on staff and the delivery of psychological therapies for rural populations. |
Design/Method
Describe the design and how the study was carried out (In detail, including inclusion/exclusion criteria). | The reviewers used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISM) 2020 statement. They searched MEDLINE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases to get randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the efficacy of telemental health interventions. The exclusion criteria entailed non-randomized controlled trials and observational studies. They also reviewed articles from all languages, countries, and observation periods and did not restrict the study to certain mental health disorders. | The study used data from Microsoft Bing and Mental Health America to get users who were screened online for using mental health services. The screen had one of the validated questionnaires used in the study. | The study entailed setting up telehealth as a venue for patient care and an alternative to face-to-face consultation with a psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP). The inclusion criteria entailed adults diagnosed with mental health conditions; from major depression to bipolar disorder and anxiety as well as substance use. | The design or method entailed an online cross-sectional survey administered to staff at the facility (Lincolnshire Partnership NHS Foundation Trust. All staff at the facility were invited to the survey through their emails. The staff in management and administration positions were not included since they lacked direct experience in delivering telehealth services to patients. |
Sample/Setting
The number and characteristics of patients, attrition rate, etc. | The sample of articles reviewed comprised 32 articles with only six eligible RCTs based on the inclusion criteria. | The sample comprised 4354 screens based on the number of individuals who completed online mental health surveys or screening for anxiety, bipolar, depression, and psychosis. | The sample comprised forty (40) adults with various mental health conditions getting care from a specialty clinic in Florida. | The sample comprised 62 respondents who completed the questionnaire. The setting was a local NHS Foundation Trust in Lincolnshire. |
Major Variables Studied
List and define dependent and independent variables | The study is a systematic review looking at past RCTs on improving access to mental health services in rural areas. | The dependent variable included the number of people using online screens, and those doing self-reporting in accessing mental health care in rural areas. The independent variables entailed rurality, online engagement, healthcare availability, and socio-demographic aspects. | The dependent variable included the number of patients accessing mental health services at the facility and the level of satisfaction between using telehealth and face-to-face consultation. The independent variables included mental health conditions, the pilot period of 3 months, and the PMHNP in the setting. | The dependent variables include the rate of telehealth use, positive changes in access services, and attendance of the consultations using telehealth. The independent variables include the number of respondents, therapies used by patients, and types of mental health conditions addressed. |
Measurement
Identify primary statistics used to answer clinical questions (You need to list the actual tests done). | The statistics used in addressing clinical questions included the number of facilities based on the RCTs using telemental health services to improve access to mental health care in rural areas. | The primary statistics used to answer the clinical test included screen completion rate, rurality, user’s socio-demographic data like gender and race, and household income. | The primary statistics used entailed a patient satisfaction survey comprising 12 questions. The other measures included tracking access, and medication adherence after 30 and 60 days upon consultation and appointment follow-up. | The researchers used Fisher’s exact Tests to test the significant differences between the use of telehealth before and after the pandemic and test changes in perceived skill levels before and after the pandemic. |
Data Analysis Statistical or Qualitative findings
(You need to enter the actual numbers determined by the statistical tests or qualitative data). | The qualitative findings based on the review included increased use of technologies based on the preferences of different people and communities. | The researchers used rank regression modeling to characterize U.S. county-level screen completion rates based on various variables like healthcare availability. | The qualitative findings indicated that access to mental health services increased to 10% while medication adherence improved to 82% in 30 days and 77.5% at 60 days. Most patients were comfortable with telehealth (89%). | The researchers analyzed data using descriptive statistics comprising frequencies and percentages. The researchers also used R software versions to analyze the collected data. |
Findings and Recommendations
General findings and recommendations of the research | The overall findings from the study include the use of telemental health interventions by various stakeholders; from professionals to non-professionals in improving access to mental health services. For instance, telemental health lowered disease relapse and re-hospitalization among young individuals with mental health issues like depression and anxiety. The study recommends more research to establish appropriate telemental interventions in rural areas. | The researchers found that online screening was prevalent and prominent among underserved rural communities. The authors recommend that providers leverage these tools to bridge mental healthcare gaps in rural and resource-strained areas across the country. | The general findings from the study show that telehealth with PMHNPs can be an appropriate option to increase access to mental health services and dual-diagnosis patients. Due to the outcomes of the project, the facility increased PMHNPs in remote telehealth roles by three professionals. The author recommends the integration of telehealth to increase access to mental health services in rural areas and improve diagnosis. | The findings show that access to services and attendance improved using telehealth. However, the client’s attention and focus during sessions and non-verbal communication were negatively impacted. The researchers recommend increasing resources to enhance access to mental health in rural settings, especially through health technologies like telehealth and telemental health services. |
Appraisal and Study Quality
Describe the general worth of this research to practice.
What are the strengths and limitations of the study?
What are the risks associated with the implementation of the suggested practices or processes detailed in the research?
What is the feasibility of use in your practice? | The study is appropriate to practice as it shows the importance of telemental health in rural areas. The strengths of this study include being a systematic review, using broad databases, and expanding inclusion criteria. However, the limitations include the small sample size of the RCTs and setting as the reviewers focused on a few countries. No risks apart from the cost aspect associated with the practices and processes recommended in the research. The feasibility of using this study in practice is high because of its benefits in increasing access to mental health services in rural areas. | The study findings from the study are worth using in clinical practice as they help expand access to mental health services for rural populations. The core strengths of the study are the large sample size and in-depth evaluation of existing evidence to support the hypothesis. The large data sources enabled unique framing and interrogation of people using online mental health screening. However, limitations include lack of establishing a causal link between the identified factors and online screen use or impact and magnitude on the population of interest. The risk associated with the implementation is support from the clinical practice and the possible cost of the intervention. | The study is important to practice as it shows that telehealth can improve access to mental health services for rural populations and those with mobility issues. The core strengths of the study include its use of a new venue to offer improved access to healthcare for the population and better patient satisfaction rates. The limitations include a small sample size, confining the findings only to Texas, first-time users of telehealth that may have compromised objective feedback or evaluation of its efficacy. The main risk in implementing the suggested practices is the cost of the intervention as it requires training and associated technologies. The feasibility of using this intervention in practice is high based on the evaluated benefits. | The study is worth the practice as it shows that provider perception of accessing mental health services in rural areas is critical to its integration. The core strength of the study is its use of descriptive statistics and surveys to generate firsthand information from providers. However, a limitation is the small sample size which may not be generalized due to its limited scope. The potential risk of implementing the suggested intervention is its cost and acceptability among patients and providers. The feasibility of implementing the findings is high due to the benefits that they provide to mental health practitioners and patients. |
Key findings
| The core findings are that telemental health interventions can increase access to mental health services in rural areas, and expansion of these services will improve the quality of care for patients. | Key findings from the study include increased use of online screening for rural people, leveraging technologies to increase access to mental health services, and better understanding of the clinical demographics in rural areas. | The key finding from the study is that telehealth can help bridge access gaps to mental health services for patients in rural areas. | The key findings in this article entail expanded access to mental health services, better interventions through leveraging technologies, and better outcomes for individuals with mental health issues. |
Outcomes
| The core outcomes include improved access to care, better interventions for patient engagement, and more resources for patients with mental health issues. | The outcomes enhance a better understanding of tools and interventions to expand access to mental health in rural areas. | The outcomes show increased viability of adopting telehealth to improve mental health accessibility for rural populations. | The outcomes illustrate the importance of integrating mental health interventions like telehealth to improve access and quality care delivery. The outcomes demonstrate the increased role of telehealth in enhancing access to mental health conditions. |
General Notes/Comments | Telemental health interventions will help reduce health disparities for individuals with mental health issues in rural areas. | Online screening for mental health conditions can reduce access to mental health gaps in rural areas and for underserved populations. | Telehealth is a critical tool that can increase access to mental health services for rural populations and providers can leverage it for better outcomes. | The article demonstrates the importance of digital and technological interventions in increasing accessibility to mental health services for rural populations. |
Part B: Critical Appraisal of Research
The four critically appraised articles entailed various studies; a systematic review by Watanabe et al. (2023), two cohort articles by Yom-Tov et al. (2023) and Talarico (2021), and a cross-sectional survey by Nelson et al. (2023). All the articles developed focused clinical questions or issues, with explicitly defined populations of interest, interventions, and target results. The PICOT question in my project focuses on answering the use of health technologies like telehealth in rural areas to increase or expand access to mental health services. The PICOT question entails the evaluation of a clinical intervention that requires support from well-designed high-level empirical evidence like randomized controlled trials (RCTs), systematic reviews and meta-analyses, and cross-sectional surveys as well as prospective cohort articles. The critically appraised articles demonstrate the validity of the findings and their inclusion criteria expand the understanding and application of the suggested intervention.
The best practice that emerges from the reviewed research articles is the integration of healthcare technologies like telehealth to improve access to mental health services in the United States. The study by Talarico (2021) shows that rural mental health facilities have insufficient staff and practitioners to cater to the different mental health needs and concerns of the population. As such, Nelson et al. (2023) and Watanabe et al. (2023) demonstrate that leveraging various technological and digital tools and interventions can bridge the growing gaps in service provision for those with mental health challenges, especially the underserved and those from low-income households. These studies are categorical that providers and mental health facilities can enhance diagnoses and patient follow-ups when they integrate medical technologies like telehealth to improve access to services. Yom-Tov et al. (2023) demonstrated that many Americans can access online screening platforms and providers can leverage such tools to increase their engagements and even the type of therapies they offer to enhance accessibility. The best practice is leveraging telehealth and associated technological interventions like telemental health to address access gaps and improve the quality of care for individuals in these areas.
Conclusion
Mental health remains a core national health concern for millions of Americans as illustrated by existing evidence. The increased use of technologies in healthcare offers organizations and providers a chance to leverage their benefits to improve mental health services and care to various patient populations. The critical appraisal of the selected articles supports the use of telehealth and associated technologies as best practices to improve access to mental health services, especially for rural populations and underserved patients and households.
References
Melnyk, B. M., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2023). Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare: A guide to best practice
(5th ed.). Wolters Kluwer.
The Johns Hopkins Hospital/Johns Hopkins School of Nursing (2022). Johns Hopkins evidence-based practice for nursing and healthcare professionals: appendix D: Hierarchy of Evidence Guide.
Walden University Academic Guides (n.d.). Conceptual & theoretical frameworks overview. https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/library/conceptualframework