NURS 6512 DIVERSITY AND HEALTH ASSESSMENTS

Walden University NURS 6512 DIVERSITY AND HEALTH ASSESSMENTS– Step-By-Step Guide

This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Walden University NURS 6512 DIVERSITY AND HEALTH ASSESSMENTS assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.

How to Research and Prepare for NURS 6512 DIVERSITY AND HEALTH ASSESSMENTS

Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Walden University NURS 6512 DIVERSITY AND HEALTH ASSESSMENTS depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.

After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.

How to Write the Introduction for NURS 6512 DIVERSITY AND HEALTH ASSESSMENTS

The introduction for the Walden University NURS 6512 DIVERSITY AND HEALTH ASSESSMENTS is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.

How to Write the Body for NURS 6512 DIVERSITY AND HEALTH ASSESSMENTS

After the introduction, move into the main part of the NURS 6512 DIVERSITY AND HEALTH ASSESSMENTS assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.

Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.

How to Write the Conclusion for NURS 6512 DIVERSITY AND HEALTH ASSESSMENTS

After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.

How to Format the References List for NURS 6512 DIVERSITY AND HEALTH ASSESSMENTS

The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.

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Sample Answer for NURS 6512 DIVERSITY AND HEALTH ASSESSMENTS

All people requiring health care services should be able to access health care providers anytime. In such a setup, health care systems should be designed to have adequate resources and staff with adequate knowledge about people’s health needs. Unfortunately, such a situation seems hypothetical since not all populations are treated the same. Communities also comprise people with varying needs due to socioeconomic, cultural, lifestyle, and other differences. This paper explains factors associated with a 32-year-old pregnant lesbian with a strong family history of diabetes and the interaction process.  

Factors Associated with the Patient 

Living as a lesbian is a challenge to many people. When dealing with such groups, health care providers must be very sensitive about the questions they ask and how they interact with them. TJ admits to being a lesbian and has received sperm from a local sperm bank. The progress of her pregnancy has no complications, which is encouraging from a health perspective. However, she belongs to a wider group (LGBT) that has been on the verge of community discrimination for a long time. When looking at the issues facing the LGBT community, Singh and Durso (2017) posited that LGBTs are highly discriminated against, and their sexuality affects many issues such as educational attainment, financial security, and subjective perception of social status. Society views them differently, and they are likely to be denied opportunities, which may inhibit their access to health care services. 

The lifestyle and spirituality of lesbians are other cultural factors to consider when engaging TJ. The lifestyle of most people from the LGBT community is characterized by substance abuse which they use as a safe space to deal with cultural and social pressures (Huebner et al., 2015). Their spirituality usually declines over time as they turn away from religion. The declined spiritual belief stems from religious discrimination, which does not promote such groups’ accommodation in religious and ministerial associations (Kasai, 2020). Such problems are likely to be part of TJ’s everyday life. Considering that she belongs to a lineage with a history of diabetes, it is crucial to examine her situation in-depth to understand all the factors that might affect her health adversely and recommend the best interventions. 

Sensitive Issues 

When engaging a lesbian patient, issues to do with sexuality must be handled sensitively. It is unethical to go deep on matters and ask why TJ chose to become a lesbian. The other issue is the choice of sperm donation. Such issues are sensitive and contradict the principle of privacy. Also, they affect the patient-nurse relationship since they can make the patient uncomfortable. Health care providers are also advised to be culturally competent to promote respect and mutual understanding between them and patients (Ball et al., 2019). Respecting their views and avoiding sensitive questions is one way of achieving this objective. 

Questions to Build TJ’s Health History 

1. Who do you live with at home? Are they supportive? 

2. For the past month, have you attended any support group that discusses health and personal matters? 

3. What is your leading fear when you visit a health care facility or when sick? 

4. Have you faced any unusual feelings due to your pregnancy? 

5. Do you experience any discrimination at the family and community level you would like to share with us? 

6. Do you think the care you receive addresses the needs of all population groups? 

In conclusion, the proper treatment of a patient depends on sufficient data. The data should contain information regarding the patient’s condition and factors that affect health outcomes, such as lifestyle and socioeconomic status. As a lesbian, TJ is prone to social discrimination that can inhibit her access to health care services. She also belongs to a community that is vulnerable to substance abuse. Accordingly, all this information should be collected as part of her health assessment to ensure that the recommendations match her needs. 

Also Read:

CASE STUDY ASSIGNMENT: ASSESSMENT OF NUTRITION IN CHILDREN

DIGITAL CLINICAL EXPERIENCE (DCE): HEALTH HISTORY ASSESSMENT

LAB ASSIGNMENT: DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS FOR SKIN CONDITIONS

CASE STUDY ASSIGNMENT: ASSESSING THE HEAD, EYES, EARS, NOSE, AND THROAT

DIGITAL CLINICAL EXPERIENCE: FOCUSED EXAM: COUGH

LAB ASSIGNMENT: ASSESSING THE ABDOMEN

DIGITAL CLINICAL EXPERIENCE: ASSESSING THE HEART, LUNGS, AND PERIPHERAL VASCULAR SYSTEM

ASSESSING MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN

CASE STUDY ASSIGNMENT: ASSESSING NEUROLOGICAL SYMPTOMS

DIGITAL CLINICAL EXPERIENCE: COMPREHENSIVE (HEAD-TO-TOE) PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT

LAB ASSIGNMENT: ASSESSING THE GENITALIA AND RECTUM

References 

Ball, J. W., Dains, J. E., Flynn, J. A., Solomon, B. S., & Stewart, R. W. (2019). Seidel’s guide to physical examination: An interprofessional approach (9th ed.). Elsevier Mosby. 

Huebner, D. M., Thoma, B. C., & Neilands, T. B. (2015). School victimization and substance use among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender adolescents. Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research, 16(5), 734–743. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-014-0507-x 

Kasai, N. (2020, Jun 29). Protecting LGBT employees and religious liberty. Third Way. https://www.thirdway.org/memo/protecting-lgbt-employees-and-religious-liberty 

Singh, S., Durso, L. E. (2017, May 2). Widespread discrimination continues to shape LGBT people’s lives in both subtle and significant ways. Center for American Progress. https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/lgbtq-rights/news/2017/05/02/429529/widespread-discrimination-continues-shape-lgbt-peoples-lives-subtle-significant-ways/ 

Sample Answer 2 for NURS 6512 DIVERSITY AND HEALTH ASSESSMENTS

23 Year Old Native American Male With Anxiety  

M.R. is a 23-year-old Native American male who is experiencing anxiety. He is seeking treatment for his symptoms. He has stated that he has been consuming alcohol and marijuana to help his symptoms. He has concerns that he will not get into heaven if he continues his lifestyle. The patient denies taking any prescription medications or other non-prescription drugs. His family history includes diabetes, hypertension, and alcoholism. 

Mental disorders are among the top ten leading causes of Indian Health Services (HIS) hospitalization and ambulatory care visits. Approximately 70% of Native American men meet the criteria of some type of mental disorder. It is also reported that common psychiatric disorders tend to be most prevalent among the American Indian (AI) population when compared to the rest of the population. Substance abuse, alcohol use, drug use, mood, anxiety, and personality disorders are commonly reported among the AI population. AI men suffer anxiety more than women (Brave Heart et al., 2016). 

According to Adakai et al. (2018), AI have a lower life expectancy, lower quality of life, and are disproportionately affected by many chronic conditions compared with other racial/ethnic groups (Adakai et al., 2018). Suicide is the second leading cause of death for Native youth aged 15-24. They are also at a higher risk for depression and substance abuse (Asher BlackDeer & Patterson Silver Wolf, 2020). 

When taking into consideration the high risks of mental disorders and substance abuse, it is important to gain as much information as possible from the patient to build an adequate health history and develop a diagnosis and treatment plan. I would start with the following targeted questions: 

#1: How long have you been experiencing anxiety? Does it occur daily or all the time? Have you experienced or witnessed any type of trauma that you feel has affected you? Has anyone in your immediate family ever been diagnosed with any mental illness or disorder? 

#2: Do you feel that you partake in unusual risky behaviors? Promiscuous behavior? Are you impulsive or have extreme mood swings? Do you feel sad or depressed? Has anyone in your family said that you are acting different or strange? 

#3: How much alcohol do you consume? Do you drink every day? How many drinks per day/week? Has your alcohol use affected your job or relationships? Has anyone told you that you drink too much? 

#4: How often and how much “pot” do you smoke? Does it make you feel better? How long have you been smoking pot? 

#5: What are your religious/spiritual beliefs? Would you like a chaplain or a spiritual leader to give you guidance and support? 

Based on the AI culture, it is important to incorporate traditional healing approaches to assist the patient with their health needs. Clinicians should be culturally aware and utilize the DSM-5 Culture Formulation Interview to increase the validity of the diagnostic process during patient encounters with Native Americans (Brave Heart et al., 2016). Future endeavors should seek to combine both Indigenous and Western approaches to practice with a particular focus on holistic wellness (Asher BlackDeer & Patterson Silver Wolf, 2020). By utilizing the tools available as mentioned, AI patients should be more comfortable and confident with the treatment provided. 

References 

Adakai, M., Sandoval-Rosario, M., Xu, F., Aseret-Manygoats, T., Allison, M., Greenlund, K. J., & Barbour, K. E. (2018). Health disparities among american indians/alaska natives — arizona, 2017. MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 67(47), 1314–1318. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6747a4 

Asher BlackDeer, A., & Patterson Silver Wolf, D. A. (2020). Evidence mapping: Interventions for american indian and alaska native youth mental health. Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work, 17(1), 49–62. https://doi.org/10.1080/26408066.2019.1624237 

Brave Heart, M., Lewis-Fernández, R., Beals, J., Hasin, D. S., Sugaya, L., Wang, S., Grant, B. F., & Blanco, C. (2016). Psychiatric disorders and mental health treatment in american indians and alaska natives: Results of the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 51(7), 1033–1046. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-016-1225-4 

Sample Answer 3 for NURS 6512 DIVERSITY AND HEALTH ASSESSMENTS

Hi Heather, cross-cultural interactions are one of the hardest experiences healthcare providers encounter. Cultural encounters and lack of understanding between the patient and the caregiver could jeopardize the treatment outcomes. Therefore, the healthcare givers must develop cultural competencies and handle patients based on their age, cultural identity, and social background (Mills, et al., 2017). In this case, the patient is a 23-year-old Native American who consumes alcohol and marijuana. The fact that the client consumes alcohol and marijuana could expose him to serious mental conditions which must be established during the interview. Therefore, I agree with you that starting with a targeted question such as, ”how long have you been experiencing anxiety?” is appropriate. The question is appropriate because the caregiver already has some history of the patient’s lifestyle (Saunders & Vehviläinen‐Julkunen, 2017). Otherwise, it would be inappropriate if the client was new and had not revealed any history of anxiety and substance abuse.  

On the other hand, I feel some of the questions presented in your post are sensitive and I would not ask my client such. It could be appropriate to ask the client whether he feels some of his behaviors are risky, but getting directly into promiscuity could appear offensive. Instead, I would recommend the use of open-ended questions that gives the client the freedom to say what they want and feel comfortable about (Mirzaei, Arghami, Mohammadi & Kamali, 2018).  

Finally, I agree with you on the role of integrating cultural values and systems in the patient’s treatment plan. The traditional healing methods are highly relevant to the client’s cultural background. Integrating such measures would give the client even more trust and confidence in the treatment plan and measures.  

References 

Mills, S., Xiao, A. Q., Wolitzky-Taylor, K., Lim, R., & Lu, F. G. (2017). Training on the DSM-5 Cultural Formulation Interview improves cultural competence in general psychiatry residents: a pilot study. Transcultural psychiatry, 54(2), 179-191. 

Mirzaei, M., Arghami, S., Mohammadi, A., & Kamali, K. (2018, August). Patient safety culture in education and treatment centers: Regional subcultures. In Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (pp. 41-53). Springer, Cham. 

Saunders, H., & Vehviläinen‐Julkunen, K. (2017). Nurses’ evidence‐based practice beliefs and the role of evidence‐based practice mentors at university hospitals in Finland. Worldviews on Evidence‐Based Nursing, 14(1), 35-45. 

Sample Answer 4 for NURS 6512 DIVERSITY AND HEALTH ASSESSMENTS

Patient Scenario

John Green, a 33-year-old Caucasian male, presents to the office after moving back home due to his health concerns. He has not received any healthcare for the past 2 years since transitioning from a female to a male. He presents to the office today to establish as a new patient. He states he last had a telehealth visit 3 months ago to receive his suppression medication for HIV and obtains testosterone by ordering off the internet. Other past medical history includes smoking 2 packs of cigarettes per day for the last 10 years, smokes 3-6 marijuana joints every weekend, suffers from depression, and as prior stated he is HIV positive in which he remains virally suppressed at his last blood draw 6 months ago. His current medication list includes Biktarvy that he takes once daily and 100mg of testosterone IM weekly. He has never been married and does not have any significant family history. Today he states that “for the past several weeks I have been feeling very weak and I am worried that since I am moving back home and I am unemployed, I will be a burden to my family.”

Socioeconomic, Lifestyle, and Cultural factors with Explanation

Transgender individuals may often feel discriminated against and not accepted, unfortunately they may also feel this way in the healthcare setting. For transgender patients to feel comfortable and safe within the healthcare setting, providers must acknowledge this difference among patients and be able to be culturally sensitive when asking questions during an assessment (Ball et al., 2023). When referring to a transgender patient, referring to them as their preferred pronoun is most appropriate. The provider shall not assume but ask the patient how they’d like to be addressed (Johnson et al., 2020). Leading with this ensures the patients’ healthcare needs are of the utmost importance. It also allows for the patient to feel more comfortable when referred to the gender they prefer.

As a healthcare provider, speaking with your patient about possible health concerns is important. Transgender individuals have a higher prevalence of being homeless, live in poverty, ensure discrimination, psychological stress, unemployment, HIV infection, substance abuse, suicide, violence, and lack healthcare insurance (Radix, 2020). John falls into this category of not having insurance. This should be acknowledged and discussed during the initial visit. He currently receives his medications through the mail for free, does he want to continue receiving his testosterone and Biktarvy this way, if not discussing with the patient what his plans are is important, referring him to the local health department for assistance may be necessary.

John has a history of HIV infection, another sensitive issue that must be addressed. Discussing with John whether he is currently sexually active, and his ways of protection are important in helping him to not spread HIV but also to not receive any other infections such as sexually transmitted diseases. The transgender community is particularly vulnerable to HIV and STDs and providing risk assessments and education to these patients is important in slowing and/or stopping the spread (Radix, 2020).

Special considerations during the physical exam for John may need to be made. Having pelvic and breast exams may be traumatic and induce anxiety in transgender men. Speaking with him about cervical cancer screenings and staying up to date is very important. Transgender males may also wear a chest binder to hold down the breast and create a more masculine appearance, these may lead to skin breakdown or other skin infections due to the tightness and how often it is worn. John may be hesitant and require education about safe binding (Julian et al., 2021).

Targeted Questions

1. How would you like me to address you, and do you have a preferred pronoun you’d like for me to use during your visit today?
2. Do you feel that you have adequate social support?
3. Are there any resources that you haven’t been provided that you’d like to discuss such as counselling?
4. Where do you obtain your prescriptions and who is currently prescribing them for you?
5. Are you currently sexually active and with how many partners? Is your partner(s) aware of your HIV infection? Are precautions taken?

References:

Ball, J. W., Dains, J. E., Flynn, J. A., Solomon, B. S., & Stewart, R. W. (2023). Seidel’s guide to physical examination: An interprofessional approach (10th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby.

Johnson, A. H., Hill, I., Beach-Ferrara, J., Rogers, B. A., & Bradford, A. (2020). Common barriers to healthcare for transgender people in the US Southeast. International Journal of Transgender Health, 21(1), 70-78.

Julian, J. M., Salvetti, B., Held, J. I., Murray, P. M., Lara-Rojas, L., & Olson-Kennedy, J. (2021). The impact of chest binding in transgender and gender diverse youth and young adults. Journal of Adolescent Health, 68(6), 1129-1134.

Radix, A. E. (2020). Addressing needs of transgender patients: the role of family physicians. The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine, 33(2), 314-321.

NURS 6512 Building a Health History Sample

80 year old white male with angina lives on a farm 80 miles away from a healthcare center 

1. Communication and Interview Techniques:

• Patience and Empathy: Given the patient’s age and potential health concerns, it’s crucial to be patient and empathetic throughout the interview. Allow extra time for the patient to provide information and express any concerns. 

• Clear and Simple Language: Use plain language to ensure the patient understands the questions and instructions clearly. 

• Open-ended Questions: Encourage the patient to share their experiences and concerns by using open-ended questions. For example, ask about their daily routines and how they manage their angina. 

• Active Listening: Pay close attention to the patient’s responses and demonstrate that you are taking their worries seriously. 

2. Targeted Questions Based on Social Determinants of Health:

• Access to Healthcare: Inquire about the challenges they face due to their remote location. Ask about their transportation options and how frequently they can access healthcare services. 

• Living Conditions: Ask about the farm’s specific environmental conditions, such as exposure to allergens, physical demands of farm work, and any potential safety hazards. 

• Social Support: Determine the level of social support available to the patient, such as family or neighbors who can assist in emergencies. 

• Financial Resources: Examine their financial standing and insurance coverage to identify any potential obstacles to obtaining healthcare. 

• Cultural Factors: Be sensitive to the patient’s cultural beliefs and preferences in healthcare decision-making. 

3. Risk Assessment Instruments and Questions:

• Angina Severity Assessment: Use standardized tools like the Canadian Cardiovascular Society Angina Grading Scale to assess the severity of angina symptoms. 

• Fall Risk Assessment: Given the patient’s age and potentially physically demanding farm work, assess their risk of falls using tools like the Timed Up and Go Test. 

• Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Ask about their smoking history, diet, physical activity, and family history of heart disease to assess cardiovascular risk. 

• Medication Adherence: Ask about their current drug routine and how well they are following their prescriptions. 

• Psychosocial Assessment: Examine him for indications of anxiety or depression, which can affect his general health and wellbeing. 

4. Potential Health-Related Risks:

• Age: Advanced age may increase the risk of cardiovascular events and other age-related conditions. 

• Gender: Males may have different cardiovascular risk factors compared to females. 

• Ethnicity: White individuals may have unique genetic predispositions to certain health conditions. 

• Environmental Setting: The patient may be exposed to physical labor, toxic environments, and probable mishaps while living on a farm. 

5. Five Targeted Questions:

1. “Can you describe your typical day on the farm, including any physically demanding tasks or exposure to environmental factors?” 

1. “How often do you experience angina symptoms, and how severe are they?” 

1. “Do you have a support system or neighbors who can assist you in case of a health emergency?” 

1. “Have you ever experienced symptoms of depression or anxiety, and if so, how do they affect your daily life?” 

1. “Are there any financial constraints or difficulties related to accessing healthcare or purchasing medications?” 

Reference: 

Kaplan, C. B., Siegel, B., Madill, J. M., & Epstein, R. M. (1997). Communication and the medical interview. Strategies for learning and teaching. Journal of general internal medicine, 12 Suppl 2(Suppl 2), S49–S55. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1497.12.s2.7.x 

Laughlin, T., Wetmore, S., Allen, T., Brailovsky, C., Crichton, T., Bethune, C., Donoff, M., & Lawrence, K. (2012). Defining competency-based evaluation objectives in family medicine: communication skills. Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien, 58(4), e217–e224. 

Curtis, J. R., Back, A. L., Ford, D. W., Downey, L., Shannon, S. E., Doorenbos, A. Z., … & Engelberg, R. A. (2013). Effect of communication skills training for residents and nurse practitioners on quality of communication with patients with serious illness: a randomized trial. Jama, 310(21), 2271-2281.