NURS 8100 Wk 11 discussion Advocating Through Policy

Walden University NURS 8100 Wk 11 discussion Advocating Through Policy– Step-By-Step Guide

This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Walden University NURS 8100 Wk 11 discussion Advocating Through Policy assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.

How to Research and Prepare for NURS 8100 Wk 11 discussion Advocating Through Policy

Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Walden University NURS 8100 Wk 11 discussion Advocating Through Policy depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.

After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.

How to Write the Introduction for NURS 8100 Wk 11 discussion Advocating Through Policy

The introduction for the Walden University NURS 8100 Wk 11 discussion Advocating Through Policy is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.

How to Write the Body for NURS 8100 Wk 11 discussion Advocating Through Policy

After the introduction, move into the main part of the NURS 8100 Wk 11 discussion Advocating Through Policy assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.

Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.

How to Write the Conclusion for NURS 8100 Wk 11 discussion Advocating Through Policy

After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.

How to Format the References List for NURS 8100 Wk 11 discussion Advocating Through Policy

The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.

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Sample Answer for NURS 8100 Wk 11 discussion Advocating Through Policy

Practice Issue

• Issue: Limited skills and awareness on nursing advocacy​
• Proposed policy: establishment of more effective training and educational programs​
• Objective: equip nursing professionals with better competencies​
• Benefits: Reduced costs, skill shortage, and awareness on advocacy​

​Key Stakeholders

Proposed Strategy

• Proper communication of issues to stakeholders and adequate government support​

Other interventions​

• Evidence-based decisions​
• Adequate preparations by DNP nurses ​
• Effective leadership practices​
• Adequate consideration of nurses, patient’s families​

References

• Aiken, L. H., Sloane, D. M., Barnes, H., Cimiotti, J. P., Jarrín, O. F., & McHugh, M. D. (2018). Nurses’ and patients’ appraisals show patient safety in hospitals remains a concern. Health Affairs, 37(11), 1744-1751.​
• Çatıker, A. (2021). Political power and awareness of nursing during the COVID‐19 pandemic from the views of senior nursing students. World medical & health policy.​
• Getzen, T. E., & Kobernick, M. S. (2022). Health economics and financing. John Wiley & Sons.​
• Goldsberry, J. W. (2018). Advanced practice nurses leading the way: Interprofessional collaboration. Nurse education today, 65, 1-3.​
• Kavanagh, J. M., & Sharpnack, P. A. (2021). Crisis in competency: a defining moment in nursing education. Online J Issues Nurs, 26(1).​
• Lavis, J. N., Permanand, G., Oxman, A. D., Lewin, S., & Fretheim, A. (2009). SUPPORT Tools for evidence-informed health Policymaking (STP) 13: Preparing and using policy briefs to support evidence-informed policymaking. Health Research Policy and Systems, 7(1), 1-9.​
• Miles, J. M., & Scott, E. S. (2019). A new leadership development model for nursing education. Journal of Professional Nursing, 35(1), 5-11.​
• Smith, M. C. (2019). Nursing theories and nursing practice. FA Davis.​
• Sundean, L. J., White, K. R., Thompson, L. S., & Prybil, L. D. (2019). Governance education for nurses: Preparing nurses for the future. Journal of Professional Nursing, 35(5), 346-352.​
• Vanness, D. J., Lomas, J., & Ahn, H. (2021). A health opportunity cost threshold for cost-effectiveness analysis in the United States. Annals of internal medicine, 174(1), 25-32.​
• Wakefield, M., Williams, D. R., & Le Menestrel, S. (2021). The future of nursing 2020-2030: Charting a path to achieve health equity. National Academy of Sciences.​

Sample Answer 2 for NURS 8100 Wk 11 discussion Advocating Through Policy

Practice Issue

Inadequate nurse staffing is a practice issue that could benefit from being addressed through the policy process. Nurse staffing is an issue of both personal and professional concern. Inappropriate nursing staffing levels threaten patient safety and compromise the quality of nursing care resulting in greater complexity of care (Griffiths et al., 2018). It also has a detrimental impact on nurses’ health and safety since it increases nurse work pressure, fatigue, and rate of injury and affects their ability to provide safe care. When there is inadequate staffing, nurses do not have adequate time to do everything needed for every patient. Consequently, a nurse’s moral obligations to patients are compromised due to work restraints and stress overload (Griffiths et al., 2018.

Key Stakeholders

Various stakeholders are responsible for seeing that hospitals have adequate nurse-to-patient ratios to promote patient safety and quality of nursing care. The stakeholders that would support the issue include individual nurses, hospital administrators, nurse managers, government legislative bodies and regulators, professional nursing organizations, and nursing accrediting agencies (Han et al., 2021).

Strategy a Nurse Could Use to Advocate For This Issue

A nurse can advocate for this issue by proposing a policy that will help address inadequate staffing in their state and presenting the policy to a state legislator. The nurse should research the impact of inadequate staffing on patients, nurses, healthcare organizations, and the healthcare system (Chiu et al., 2021). The research findings should be presented to the legislator to convince them of the need to enact a policy that will address the situation. In addition, the nurse should present the potential impact of the proposed policy in addressing the current challenges (Chiu et al., 2021). When presenting the policy to the legislator, the nurse should also highlight potential barriers to implementing the policy and offer solutions to mitigate these barriers.

References

Chiu, P., Cummings, G. G., Thorne, S., & Schick-Makaroff, K. (2021). Policy Advocacy and Nursing Organizations: A Scoping Review. Policy, Politics, & Nursing Practice, 22(4), 276–296. https://doi.org/10.1177/15271544211050611

Griffiths, P., Recio-Saucedo, A., Dall’Ora, C., Briggs, J., Maruotti, A., Meredith, P., Smith, G. B., Ball, J., & Missed Care Study Group (2018). The association between nurse staffing and omissions in nursing care: A systematic review. Journal of advanced nursing, 74(7), 1474–1487. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13564

Han, X., Pittman, P., & Barnow, B. (2021). Alternative Approaches to Ensuring Adequate Nurse Staffing: The Effect of State Legislation on Hospital Nurse Staffing. Medical care, 59(Suppl 5), S463–S470. https://doi.org/10.1097/MLR.0000000000001614

Sample Answer 3 for NURS 8100 Wk 11 discussion Advocating Through Policy

Nurse-Led Discharge planning to Reduce Readmissions

The nurse-led discharge planning is a process that can benefit from advocacy in healthcare settings. The process support the reduction of readmission policy and comprises of different interventions (Qui et al, 2021). Key among them include having daily rounds to identity those to be discharged next and any potential difficulties that they may have, provision of written instruction on discharge and providing pre-scheduled follow up visits to the outpatient unit and the physicians in-charge (Chaka et al., 2019). The process also entails involvement of patients and caregivers in planning and decision-making that comprise of patient education and a better understanding of the discharge process.

Stakeholders

The stakeholders in this process include the patients and their families or caregivers, nurses, physicians and pharmacists. The case manager, the nutritionists and even the healthcare organization and its management are also critical stakeholders in this process. Through them, it is possible to advocate for changes in policy processes to improve the Readmission Reduction policy’s outcomes.

Nurse-Led Discharge Process

The multidisciplinary team will comprise of different professionals with well-documented roles and responsibilities. The team will conduct discharge planning with the patient and family through educating them using layman’s language (Vernon et al., 2019). For instance, the physician will discuss the management of the disease and prognosis while the nurse will offer education on medication and administration of medicines (Mabire et al., 2018). The pharmacist will review medications before discharge while the case manager will ensure that all home needs that the patient requires are available. The nutritionist or dietitian will discuss effective and appropriate food options for the patients.

Conclusion

The use of multidisciplinary approach in rounds on a constant basis improve the ability of the facility to address barriers to effective patient management. Secondly, it improves patient compliance to treatment upon discharge and reduces readmissions that are costly, especially when not done sufficiently. The process reduces the cost of care and improves clinical outcomes. The implication is that advocating for this process imprpvement allows the facility to attain the goals of its Readmission Reduction policy. 

References

Chaka, R., Karki, N., Ketlogetswe, K., & Ayala, T. (2019). Multidisciplinary rounds in prevention of 30-day readmissions and decreasing length of stay in heart failure patients: A community hospital based retrospective study. 98(27). doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000016233.

Mabire, C., Dwyer, A., Garnier, A., & Pellet, J. (2018). Meta-analysis of the effectiveness of nursing discharge planning interventions for older inpatients discharged home. Journal of Advanced Nursing 74(4),788–799.

Qiu, X., Lan, C., Li, J., Xiao, X., & Li, J. (2021). The effect of nurse-led interventions on re-admission and mortality for congestive heart failure: A meta-analysis. Medicine, 100(7). doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000024599.

Vernon, D., Brown, J. E., Griffiths, E., Nevill, A. M., & Pinkney, M. (2019). Reducing readmission rates through a discharge follow-up service. Future healthcare   journal, 6(2), 114. doi: 10.7861/futurehosp.6-2-114

NURS 8100 Week 11 Discussion 1 Policy Analysis Summary Sample

The purpose of this discussion post is to provide information on a health care topic of interest to policy makers.  The policy brief development around staff staffing for our hospitals is a point of interest that should be brought to attention on a larger scale.  The writer would like to discussion Michigan specifically regarding safe staffing in hospitals.  The problem is there is no law in Michigan, that limits the number of patients a registered nurse can be assigned or the number of hours registered nurses are forced to work. 

Some ICU’s in Michigan, a registered nurse may have up to four patients at a time but in other Michigan hospitals the registered nurse may have a limit of one to two.  “The risk of dying in the ICU increases by a factor of 3.5 when the patient-to-nurse ratio is greater than 2.5 to 1” (Neuraz et al., 2015).  Registered nurses are reporting that their workload is rarely or never adjusted when they report having an unsafe assignment.  Michigan hospitals do not have to disclose current staffing levels.  Registered nurses can be fired for refusing to work longer hours because administration classifies this as patient abandonment – this could also lead to the nurse losing their license.  Scientific studies provide evidence of the link between inadequate registered nurse staffing and poor outcomes for hospital patients. Evidence supports:  “The risk of death from cardiac arrest in the hospital is nearly 20% higher on the night shift, when RN staffing typically lower” (Peberdy et al., 2008).  Additionally, not only do patients have a higher risk of dying of cardiac arrest due to staffing they also have an increase risk of getting an infection during their hospital stay.  “Patients cared for in hospitals with higher RN staffing were 68% less likely to acquire infections” (Rogowski et al., 2013). 

The involvement of Michigan Nurse Association has been a positive push towards the resolution of the staffing issues that Michigan hospitals have.  The primary two things that MNA has done to support the Safe Patient Care Act: Connect members with legislators to share their stories and grown bipartisan support for the legislation and recruited the most cosponsors in the legislation’s history.  The bipartisan Safe Patient Care Act is a plan to increase the safety of patients in Michigan hospitals and retain our nurses in an already stressful environment.  The issue at hand is that there is no law that limits the number of patients a registered nurse can be assigned to take care of in the hospital. This is not only alarming nut is very unsafe for both the patient and nurse.  There is also no law to prevent hospitals from making nurses work unlimited hours (leading to shifts of 14, 16 or even 20 hours).  Nurses are becoming exhausted and stressed which increases the risk of mistakes and errors which is a very dangerous situation.  Quality care and patient advocacy is a priority of the registered nurse.  Understaffing and being overworked leads to unplanned events such as falls, infections, medication errors and deaths.  There is a solution to lowering these risks and making a safer environment for our patients and registered nurses.  “The Michigan Safe Patient Care Act is a 3-part bipartisan package in the state House and Senate that addresses rampant RN understaffing and excessive forced RN overtime. It will force administrators to make decisions based on patients’ needs, rather than misguided cost-cutting in the hospital industry” (MI Nurse Association, 2021). 

The solution is the Michigan Safe Patient Care Act!  The Michigan Safe Patient Care Act is a 3-part bipartisan package in the state House and Senate that addresses rampant RN understaffing and excessive forced RN overtime. It will force administrators to make decisions based on patients’ needs, rather than misguided cost-cutting in the hospital industry.  

References 

Lavis, J. N., Permanand, G., Oxman, A. D., Lewin, S., & Fretheim, A. (2009). SUPPORT Tools for evidence-informed health Policymaking (STP) 13: Preparing and using policy briefs to support evidence-informed policymaking. Health Research Policy & Systems, Health Research Policy & Systems, 71–79. 

MI Nurse Association. (2021). The bipartisan Safe Patient Care Act. https://www.misaferhospitals.org/uploads/7/7/1/1/7711851/with_bill_numbers_2021_spca_bills_cheat_sheet.pdf 

Neuraz, A., Guérin, C., Polazzi, S., Aubrun, F., Dailler, F., Lehot, J.-J., Piriou, V., Neidecker, J., Rimmelé, T., Schott, A.-M., & Duclos, A. (2015). Patient Mortality Is Associated With Staff Resources and Workload in the ICU: A Multicenter Observational Study. Critical Care Medicine, 43. https://doi.org/10.1097/CCM.0000000000001015 

Peberdy, M. A., Ornato, J., Larkin, G. L., Braithwaite, R. S., Kashner, T. M., Carey, S., Meaney, P., Cen, L., Nadkarni, V., Praestgaard, A., & Berg, R. (2008). Survival From In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest During Nights and Weekends. JAMA. http://www.protectmasspatients.org/pdf/JAMA_2_08_Cardiac_Arrest.pdf 

Rogowski, J. A., Staiger, D., Patrick, T., Horbar, J., Kenny, M., & Lake, E. T. (2013). Nurse staffing and NICU infection rates. JAMA Pediatrics, 167(5), 444–450