PHI-413V Moral Status Case Study
Grand Canyon University PHI-413V Moral Status Case Study – Step-By-Step Guide
This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Grand Canyon University PHI-413V Moral Status Case Study assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.
How to Research and Prepare for PHI-413V Moral Status Case Study
Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Grand Canyon University PHI-413V Moral Status Case Study depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.
After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.
How to Write the Introduction for PHI-413V Moral Status Case Study
The introduction for the Grand Canyon University PHI-413V Moral Status Case Study is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.
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How to Write the Body for PHI-413V Moral Status Case Study
After the introduction, move into the main part of the PHI-413V Moral Status Case Study assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.
Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.
How to Write the Conclusion for PHI-413V Moral Status Case Study
After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.
How to Format the References List for PHI-413V Moral Status Case Study
The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.
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Sample Answer for PHI-413V Moral Status Case Study
Moral Status Case Study
The case in this PHI-413V Moral Status Case Study assignment is about a fetus that has certain deformities and the challenges that its birth may present to the family. As such, four people- Jessica who is carrying the baby, Marco her husband, Maria her aunt and Dr. Wilson- face moral and ethical challenges as they make decisions concerning the fetus. Evidence from the medical team shows that the unborn baby has a 25% chance of having Down Syndrome. Scans show that the fetus is yet to develop certain limbs with reduced probability of attaining them. Marco is ready and willing to support Jessica irrespective of the outcome amidst practical ethical dilemmas. Maria believes that Jessica should carry the pregnancy and have the child because of her obligation as the mother and based on Christian values. The physician recommends the termination of the fetus because of the increased chances of being abnormal. The essence of this PHI-413V Moral Status Case Study paper is to evaluate the ethical choices by these individuals and demonstrate the moral status of the unborn child.
Christian View of Nature of Human Persons and Compatible Theory of Moral Status
Christians believe that life is sacred and given by God at conception. Christian view human persons as superior to all creations since human being are created in image and likeness of God. Christians believe that the superiority of humans arise from their rational ability as humans have a sense of awareness and a clear language. as free agents born in God’s image, human beings have intrinsic value and dignity that should not be ignored in all interactions (Case, 2019). Human beings should always act in a rational manner to protect their moral status. Moral status is about determining what is valuable and what is not in one’s life and how people make decisions. Moral status dictates the value associated with an individual or unborn child and what people can do about it.
The most compatible theory with Christian view of persons is the moral agency model. The moral agency theory advances that individuals have the power and freewill to choose what is permissible and what is not (Simkulet, 2020). Imperatively, relationships and interactions among human beings and other organisms are founded on the value of life and protection of human dignity. As moral agencies, human beings make decisions based on these interactions and relationships. Human value and dignity are dependent on the level of morality accepted by individuals and their communities. Christianity advances that man is superior and should protect all organisms, especially fellow human beings. The intrinsic value of human being starts at conception till they die.
Determination of the Moral Status of the Fetus
The individuals in this case study utilize different theories to determine the moral status of the fetus. Jessica acknowledges that the baby will be a challenge to the socioeconomic situation of the family and require substantial financial resources as bringing up a baby with such conditions will need specialized care. Conversely, Jessica believes that as a Christian, life is sacred and the unborn baby has a moral status. Imperatively, Jessica uses the moral agency theory where she is acting as a moral agent with the freedom to make decisions that affect her life. Jessica has factored several alternatives and needs to make a decision on the child’s moral status (Case, 2019). According to the moral agency perspective, the moral status arises from one’s ability to act as a moral agent and illustrate or make judgment in relation to the rightness or wrongness of actions. The theory influences Jessica’s actions as illustrated by the ethical dilemma that she experiences. She understands that the ultimate decision on the child’s moral status rests with her despite the opinions of others.
While he is categorical that he shall support Jessica irrespective of the decision that she makes, Marco’s concern is about the possible financial and social burden of having a child with disability and Down Syndrome. Marco acknowledges the present financial situation and their ability to bring up the child who will require medical attention most of the time. Consequently, Marco utilizes the relational theory since his support is based on their relationship and whatever decision that Jessica makes regarding the fetus. Maria implores Jessica to consider her roles and obligations as a mother to the child and need to respect the will of God. An individual who is inclined to Christianity perspective would resort to God and emphasize the significance of using biblical and religious bases in making moral decisions and choices. In this case, Maris does not support the termination of the fetus and her position is founded on the relationship model. Maria emphasizes that Jessica should think about her relationship with God and the unborn child. Again, Maria uses the divine command theory as it advances that God is the only giver and creator of life. Imperatively, God reserves the right to determine the morality of any individual, starting with the unborn baby.
On his part, Dr. Wilson provides the family with all the information about the status of the baby and the possible implications of its birth. While he has offered all the possibilities based on this information, he is inclined to the termination of the fetus as the most effective alternative. His medical advice and opinion is founded on medical knowledge as he notes that the child will experience disabilities and have a financial burden on the family. Therefore, the doctor utilizes the cognitive theory which advances that one’s moral status arises from their level of rationality and awareness. The doctor has demonstrated that based on medical facts, it would be difficult for the child to develop awareness and rationality to attain a moral status.
Effects of Each Theory
As illustrated, each of the theories influences each individual’s decisions, and perspectives in the case take. For example, cognitive theory impacts Dr. Wilson’s decision because he believes from a medical standpoint that the fetus is still young and can be terminated due to the potential disability it will have and may impact the child’s quality of life. The physician is categorical that the fetus does not have a moral status at this point because of it lacks awareness and rationality. Jessica’s conflict arises from the moral agency theory and relational theory since she has a relationship with the fetus, God, and husband. She must make a decision knowing its consequences in her life, whether good or bad. Marco’s decisions are influenced by his relationship with Jessica and the potential financial burden of the unborn child. Maria’s decision is influenced by her Christian beliefs and divine command model. She implores Jessica to think about the whole aspect of being a mother and her relationship with God and the fetus.
Also Read:
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Theory Agreement
Each of the individuals expresses their perspectives and theories in relation to the case based on their merits. However, I believe that relationship theory and the moral agency theory are important in this case study. Relationship theory is critical as it determines one’s moral status based on the existing relationship. The model is beyond egocentrism and implores one to think about their impact in another person’s life (Stahl & Kilner, 2017). In this case, Jessica and Marco as well as Maria should consider their relationship with the fetus and determine its moral status. They must also consider their relationship with while as free agents capable of making moral decisions based on wrongness or rightness. As moral agents, they need to make better decisions based on their relationship with God and one another.
PHI-413V Moral Status Case Study Conclusion
People have various perspectives and this affects substantially the decisions that they make. It is important for people to consider the broader implications of the choices that they make and their implications. The moral status of an unborn child should always reflect one’s beliefs and rationality.
References
Case, M. A. (2019). Abortion, the Disabilities of Pregnancy, and the Dignity of Risk.
The University of Chicago, Public Law Working Paper, (705). Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3366444
Stahl, D. & Kilner, J. F. (2017). The Image of God, Bioethics, and Persons with Profound
Intellectual Disabilities. The Journal of the Christian Institute on Disability, 6(1-2), 19-40. Retrieved from https://journal.joniandfriends.org/index.php/jcid/article/view/143
Simkulet, W. (2020). Abortion and Ectogenesis: Moral Compromise. Journal of Medical Ethics,
46(2), 93-98. doi: 10.1136/medethics-2019-105676.
Sample Answer for PHI-413V Moral Status Case Study
Moral Status: Case Analysis
After reading the “Case Study: Fetal Abnormality” and other topic Resources, respond to the following, using only citations from the case and topic Resources:
- Based on the case and other topic Resources, in 500-600 words, what is the Christian view of the nature of human persons, and which theory of moral status is it compatible with? How is this related to the intrinsic human value and dignity?
| According to Stahl (2017), the Christian perspective asserts that human beings possess full moral status from conception, solely based on their humanity, regardless of other factors such as cognitive abilities. It is widely believed that humans were created in the image of God. Every individual must be accountable for their actions and to show mutual respect. Individuals need to recognize and appreciate all human beings’ inherent worth and dignity, as they are created in the image of a higher power. It is essential for individuals to cultivate meaningful connections, both among themselves and with a higher power. There is a tendency among many to distance themselves from him, but it is God’s desire for us to cultivate a closer relationship with him. The theory based on human properties is the most compatible in the case study. The theory of moral statutes, grounded in human properties, bears striking resemblances to an essentialist perspective on human value (Bogue et al., 2020). Every individual is created in the image of God, reflecting the divine intention for us to fulfill our potential in life. Everyone has a unique purpose, regardless of their physical or mental capabilities. For example, individuals who adhere to a theory grounded in human properties hold opposing views on abortions, destructive medical testing, and euthanasia. These actions are in direct opposition to religious beliefs. Most of these phenomena result from human actions rather than divine intervention. Each human life holds immense value in the eyes of God. When individuals choose to end a life, it is regarded as a morally reprehensible act. It is not within anyone’s jurisdiction to assume the role of a deity, as it is an unattainable and impossible feat. This topic is connected to the theory of intrinsic value as it suggests that individuals possess a worth that surpasses their disabilities. An intrinsic perspective on the value of human beings emphasizes their inherent worth, irrespective of their abilities (Watt & Watt, 2022). This principle is in line with the Christian doctrine that emphasizes the inherent worth of every individual as being made in the likeness of God. All individuals, regardless of their disabilities or handicaps, are still considered children of God. Everyone deserves the opportunity to live, irrespective of external factors like physical ability, productivity, or social status. All individuals possess inherent dignity simply by their humanity. This belief has served as the basis for ethical principles in numerous Christians, encompassing compassion, love, and the sanctity of life. Every individual, regardless of their physical or mental abilities, possesses inherent value as they are created in the image of God. He has given us the capacity to cherish and nurture the world he has meticulously crafted for every individual. The concept of being created in the image of God does not pertain to physical attributes but rather signifies a resemblance to God. It is essential to consistently uphold the principles of respect and dignity when interacting with fellow human beings—approaching situations with understanding and empathy and fostering a positive and caring environment (Olsen, 2022). As individuals undergo physical transformations over time, they must maintain a sense of respect and strive to acquire a deeper understanding of the ideal qualities that God expects from all individuals. It is essential to recognize the inherent value that each individual possesses. There are ways to overcome disabilities and potential future handicaps. |
- Based on the case and other topic Resources, in 250-300 words, which theory or theories are used by Jessica, Marco, Maria, and Dr. Wilson to determine the moral status of the fetus? What from the case study makes you believe they hold your chosen theory?
| Below is a description of the theories that Dr. Wilson, Maria, Jessica, and Marco currently use in their decision in the provided case scenario. Jessica employs the Relationship Theory of Moral statutes. Jessica expresses her concern for the child’s future quality of life and its potential impact on the family. This theory focuses on the emotional and relational bond. Marco, however, is presenting the Theory of Moral Statues, which is grounded in human properties. Marco believes every life is a miracle made by God and that we are His creations (Stahl, 2017). Maria’s perspective aligns with the theory of Human Properties’ Theory of Moral Status, as she believes God should entrust everything. He possesses the sole authority to make decisions for his family. As a medical professional, Dr. Wilson bases his decisions on the scientific evidence provided by the scans. The Cognitive Properties theory of Moral Statues is the philosophy that his theory adheres to. His research is centered on cognitive impairments in fetuses. Based on the family’s religious beliefs, the case study appears to align with the theory of Human Properties. Regardless of the doctor’s prognosis, they will turn to prayer and seek guidance from a higher power. They believe their child is a divine miracle, and if this is the path ordained for their child, then it should be embraced. The family relies on their faith to make a delicate decision for their child. |
- Based on the case and other topic Resources, in 250-300 words, how is each theory used to determine or influence each of their recommendations for action?
| One theory posits that an individual’s beliefs heavily influence their recommendations regarding fetal action. Jessica is influenced by a theory that advocates for the termination of pregnancy based on moral considerations. She argues for terminating the pregnancy, citing the overwhelming burden it would place on the family. The Marco theory of moral statutes centers around the inherent qualities of human beings, emphasizing their divine origin. He aims to stand by his wife’s convictions regarding what she deems best for their family, yet he grapples with concerns about the potential long-term implications for their household (Bogue et al., 2020). Maria’s theory revolves around the cultural aspects of moral values and is rooted in her belief in surrendering her decisions to God. She urges Jessica to proceed with the pregnancy and trust God’s decision. Dr. Wilson’s theory is rooted in the cognitive properties that specifically address the disabilities of the fetus. Several doctors strongly believe in science and do not subscribe to religious beliefs. That is why there is a strong advocacy for abortion in cases where the fetus is not healthy. He highlights the scientific and medical rationale behind considering abortions as a wise choice in their specific circumstances. The profound importance of human beings is firmly established, based on God’s steadfast intentions rather than on fluctuating human abilities (Kilner). He focuses on individuals’ potential impact on their families and communities rather than solely on their personal growth. Every individual, regardless of their disability, is unconditionally loved by God. They were purposefully created with a unique reason. |
- Based on the case and other topic Resources, in 250-300 words, what theory do you agree with and why? How would that theory determine or influence your recommended action?
| In my view, we cannot preserve the fetus unless we examine both Christian and human perspectives. Given the particular circumstances of Jessica’s case, one could argue that facilitating the delivery of the fetus, despite knowing that it will not survive, may raise ethical concerns (Bogue et al., 2020). We should not allow this to occur. In this particular scenario, abortion becomes necessary despite not being supported by conservative doctrine. Dr. Wilson’s response to the prenatal diagnosis and counsel to Jessica demonstrates his reliance on the theory of cognitive qualities to evaluate her moral standing. Based on cognitive properties, individuals must possess a certain level of cognitive functioning to attain moral status. Consequently, it is evident from Dr. Wilson’s suggestion to terminate the pregnancy that he does not consider the unborn child to have moral status. In this case, the determination of moral status should be based exclusively on the theory of cognitive properties. I hold the view that it is in the child’s best interest to be terminated as a fetus rather than being brought into the world and enduring a lifetime of suffering. The theory of sentience’s moral status is indeed supported. According to the case study, it is evident that the fetus has a high probability of being born with cognitive deficiency caused by Down syndrome, which will persist throughout their life. My theory position will, therefore, impact the recommendation for action, as allowing the fetus to live would result in subjecting it to a lifetime of hardship and distress due to its physical and cognitive limitations. |
- Based on the case and other topic Resources, in 250-300 words, how does integrating knowledge in health care (theories, multiple ways of knowing, evidence) and knowledge from other disciplines inform and support your current or future professional health care practices and judgments?
| In healthcare, moral status refers to applying ethical principles when assessing the significance and worth of living beings, particularly about their lives. When examining theories of moral status, there are differing viewpoints on the equality of life, regardless of the living thing being considered. Various theories have established a hierarchy or levels of moral standing. Examining and evaluating the moral standing of individuals is a crucial matter that warrants careful consideration. Individuals advocate Several moral status theories based on their ethical and religious convictions. The primary objective of this case study is to analyze the situation through the lens of a theory grounded in human properties. This theory has been chosen due to its alignment with Christian concepts (Bogue et al., 2020). This hypothesis would significantly influence the decision presented in this defense of its results. The proposal outlines a scenario in which the well-being of both the parents and the child is carefully considered prior to deciding on the termination of the pregnancy (Bogue et al., 2020). Ultimately, medical professionals must present patients with a comprehensive and transparent range of choices, ensuring they fully understand their options. It is essential to refrain from influencing someone’s decision if it was not their original intention. Individuals should have the autonomy to handle matters independently without any external intervention. Medical professionals need to become acquainted with moral status theories. Nurses will gain insight into various perspectives and develop a sense of appreciation for individuals’ choices. |
References
Bogue, D. W., & Hogan, M. (2020). Practicing dignity: An introduction to Christian values and decision-making in health care. In Grand Canyon University. https://lc.gcumedia.com/phi413v/practicing-dignity-an-introduction-to-christian-values-and-decision-making-in-health-care/v1.1/#/chapter/1
Olsen, T. (2022, October 3). Where the unborn are people. ChristianityToday.com. https://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2022/october/miscarriage-church-abortion-editorial.html
Stahl, D. (2017). The Image of God, Bioethics, and Persons with Profound Intellectual Disabilities. https://journal.joniandfriends.org/index.php/jcid/article/view/143
Watt, H., Ph.D., & Watt, H., Ph.D. (2022, March 22). The Dignity of Human Life: Sketching an “Equal Worth” approach | Ethics & Medicine. Ethics & Medicine – International Journal of Bioethics. https://www.ethicsandmedicine.com/the-dignity-of-human-life-sketching-out-an-equal-worth-approach/
PHI-413V Syllabus HOPE, Healing and Autonomy Case Study Sample
Applying the Four Principles: Case Study
Part 1: Chart (60 points)
Based on the “Healing and Autonomy” case study, fill out all the relevant boxes below. Provide the information by means of bullet points or a well-structured paragraph in the box. Gather as much data as possible.
Medical Indications Beneficence and Nonmaleficence | Patient Preferences Autonomy |
Medical indications are opinions and assessments as well as facts about a patient that lead to a diagnosis. Medical indications also show the extent of severity related to a medical problem and determining the treatment choices. Beneficence requires health care providers to act in the best interest and intentions of a patient. Non-maleficence emphasizes on not harming a patient (Orr, 2015). The goals of care provision are to enhance health and wellness of patients. James’ parents acted in his best interest even though his condition was getting complex if not treated. Further, they did not have any intention to harm him and brought him back when his condition deteriorated. James requires a dialysis for now and a kidney transplant in the long-term as observed and determined by the physician who is acting based on the medical indications and following the two principles of beneficence and non-maleficence. | Autonomy is the right of a patient to make decision concerning their care and the type of treatment interventions that can help them. Autonomy allows a patient to have freedom of self-determination. Health providers obtain consent from patient before they administer any health intervention (Beever & Brightman, 2016). Further, they need to offer necessary information and details about all the available treatment options and their side effects or consequences of not having the treatment. The principle of autonomy protects the dignity of patients and enhances knowledge on the conditions affecting patients leading to adherence to therapeutic plans. Patient preferences entail the expressed choices of the patient or their substitute decision maker. In this case, James is a minor and his autonomy and preferences are exercised by his parents, Mike and Joanne. James requires treatment interventions for the kidney problem and it is only the preference of his parents, especially the decision on whether to allow Samuel, James’ twin brother, to donate the matching kidney to save his life. The physician cannot make any decision since autonomy is a principle exercised by a patient based on their preferences. In this case, James’ parents are exercising autonomy on his behalf since he is a minor. |
Quality of Life Beneficence, Nonmaleficence, Autonomy | Contextual Features Justice and Fairness |
Quality of life entails the relevant medical features of a patient’s life before and after treatment interventions. When health providers offer treatment interventions, their aim is to enhance quality of life (Beever & Brightman, 2016). Imperatively, the follow the principles of beneficence, non-maleficence and autonomy. Therefore, to attain these three principles, health care providers should avoid potential errors while ensuring that a patient safety is a priority. They must also provide necessary information and details about a patient overall long-term condition. In this case study, James quality of life will depend on the treatment interventions that he gets, especially a long-term solution like the kidney transplant. Currently, his quality of life has disintegrated after the parents had withdrawn him from the hospital and taken him to church for healing. The decision of the parents was based on their faith and best interest of their child but led to a deterioration of his health condition necessitating the need for medical services. The parents should now follow the medical advice and make decisions in the best interest of their son as opposed to their interests based on their Christian or religious beliefs. They need to allow James to undergo a transplant if necessary for long-term better quality life. | Contextual features determine the legal, social, and familial settings that impact one’s medical interventions and decisions (Carr & Winslow, 2017). For instance, James’s parents’ faith that he can be healed through prayers affected their medical decisions and the kind of treatment interventions that he should get. They wanted to depend on their faith instead of allowing James to get treatment leading to a deterioration of his condition. Again, they are worried about the long-term health consequences of a transplant and the fact that it is only through a donation from James’s brother’s kidney that he can survive. The complex health situation is affecting their familial ties and situation. Justice and fairness emphasizes equality (Gillon, 2018). The parents are facing an ethical dilemma and conflict of interest because the ideal tissue match for James’s transplant is his twin brother, Samuel. The parents are willing to allow other people donate a kidney, including them, but not Samuel as they fear that they could lose both children. The implication is that they must be fair and just to James and try to save his life. Given their faith in God, they should allow Samuel to donate a kidney so that both can survive. |