PHI FPX 3200 Assessment 2 A Right to Experimental Drugs?

Capella University PHI FPX 3200 Assessment 2 A Right to Experimental Drugs – Step-By-Step Guide

This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Capella University  PHI FPX 3200 Assessment 2 A Right to Experimental Drugs?  assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.

How to Research and Prepare for PHI FPX 3200 Assessment 2 A Right to Experimental Drugs? 

Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Capella University  PHI FPX 3200 Assessment 2 A Right to Experimental Drugs?   depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.

After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.

How to Write the Introduction for  PHI FPX 3200 Assessment 2 A Right to Experimental Drugs?  

The introduction for the Capella University  PHI FPX 3200 Assessment 2 A Right to Experimental Drugs?   is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.

How to Write the Body for  PHI FPX 3200 Assessment 2 A Right to Experimental Drugs? 

After the introduction, move into the main part of the  PHI FPX 3200 Assessment 2 A Right to Experimental Drugs?   assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.

Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.

How to Write the Conclusion for  PHI FPX 3200 Assessment 2 A Right to Experimental Drugs?  

After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.

How to Format the References List for  PHI FPX 3200 Assessment 2 A Right to Experimental Drugs?  

The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.

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Sample Answer for PHI FPX 3200 Assessment 2 A Right to Experimental Drugs?

Experimental drugs are usually in the process of being studied to identify if it alleviates a disease or medical condition. They are used when there are limited treatment options available or no approved drugs available to treat a disease. They are also prescribed if there are promising early study results for a specific investigational drug. The purpose of this paper is to identify and defend my view on the use of experimental drugs and discuss related ethics.

Relevant Ethical Theories and Moral Principles

The relevant ethical theories to the issue of the use of experimental drugs are teleology and deontology. Teleology states that the value of a situation is determined by its consequences. On the other hand, Deontology considers the intrinsic significance of the act itself as the criterion for the determination of good. The ethics of using an experimental drug would be determined using deontology by considering the motives of the prescriber and not the drug’s outcomes. The relevant moral principles are beneficence and nonmaleficence.  Beneficence would require the prescriber to prescribe a drug that will improve the patient’s outcome and balance the drug’s benefits and potential risks (Munson, 2014). Nonmaleficence would require that the experimental drug cause no harm to the patient and the treatment must offer a reasonable prospect of benefit.                       

How the Principle of Informed Consent Is Relevant To the Issue

Informed consent is based on a patient’s right to decide for themselves. Informed consent involves facilitating the patient’s understanding of the experimental treatment, giving them adequate time to ask questions, and continuing to provide information on the drug (Pietrzykowski & Smilowska, 2021). Before patients give consent to be treated with an experimental drug, they must understand that: The drug may not benefit them; They may be exposed to unknown side effects; They are getting into a treatment that may vary from the standard medical practices.

The Costs and Benefits of Making Unproven, Unapproved Experimental Drugs Widely Available To Patients

Most unapproved experimental drugs availed and sold to the public offer negligible or no evidence-based therapeutic efficacy and safety to patients. This leads to losses since individuals purchase drugs that do not benefit them. Unapproved experimental drugs can also lead to high healthcare costs from treating adverse effects from the drugs. This is because they have an inherent safety risk that may potentially cause more harm to the patient or even death since they have not undergone rigorous testing (Mahant, 2020). Nevertheless, making experimental drugs available has the benefit of providing treatment for conditions with limited or no approved medications (Van Norman, 2018). When an experimental drug produces desirable outcomes it guides prescribers in making treatment decisions for patients who present with similar diseases in the future.                       

Arguments For and Against Offering Pre-Approved Drugs to Wider Pools of Patients

I support prescribing pre-approved drugs to wider pools of patients since it increases treatment options for various diseases mostly with limited options. It avails treatment to patients with serious or life-threatening diseases, and those with no comparable therapy or satisfactory alternative therapy. The pre-approved drugs have the potential to improve the quality of life of patients with extremely debilitating and painful conditions (Mahant, 2020). This upholds the ethical principle of beneficence since the prescriber seeks to provide benefit to patients. However, I advocate that autonomy be promoted when prescribing experimental drugs by giving the patient the right to choose their treatment and the ability to act on that choice. Teleology can be applied to judge the prescription of experimental drugs as good or bad by looking at the outcome of the drug’s action.

Conclusion

Ethical theories relevant to experimental drugs are teleology and deontology, while moral principles include beneficence and nonmaleficence. Informed consent entails providing the patient with adequate information about the drug to allow them to make an informed decision about proceeding with treatment. Experimental drugs can increase costs if they are ineffective and contribute to adverse effects but can also promote desirable outcomes.

References

Mahant, V. (2020). “Right-to-Try” experimental drugs: an overview. Journal of Translational Medicine, 18(1), 253. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-020-02427-4

Munson, R. (2014). Intervention and reflection: Basic issues in bioethics (concise ed.). Wadsworth.

Pietrzykowski, T., & Smilowska, K. (2021). The reality of informed consent: empirical studies on patient comprehension—a systematic review. Trials, 22, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-020-04969-w

Van Norman, G. A. (2018). Expanding Patient Access to Investigational Drugs: Single Patient Investigational New Drug and the “Right to Try”. JACC. Basic to translational science, 3(2), 280–293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacbts.2017.11.007