PUB 540 Compare and contrast the key differences between descriptive and analytic epidemiological studies

Grand Canyon University PUB 540 Compare and contrast the key differences between descriptive and analytic epidemiological studies-Step-By-Step Guide

This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Grand Canyon University PUB 540 Compare and contrast the key differences between descriptive and analytic epidemiological studies assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.

How to Research and Prepare for PUB 540 Compare and contrast the key differences between descriptive and analytic epidemiological studies                            

Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Grand Canyon University PUB 540 Compare and contrast the key differences between descriptive and analytic epidemiological studies  depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.

After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.

How to Write the Introduction for PUB 540 Compare and contrast the key differences between descriptive and analytic epidemiological studies                          

The introduction for the Grand Canyon University PUB 540 Compare and contrast the key differences between descriptive and analytic epidemiological studies  is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.

How to Write the Body for PUB 540 Compare and contrast the key differences between descriptive and analytic epidemiological studies                          

After the introduction, move into the main part of the PUB 540 Compare and contrast the key differences between descriptive and analytic epidemiological studies  assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.

Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.

How to Write the Conclusion for PUB 540 Compare and contrast the key differences between descriptive and analytic epidemiological studies                          

After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.

How to Format the References List for PUB 540 Compare and contrast the key differences between descriptive and analytic epidemiological studies                            

The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.

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Sample Answer for PUB 540 Compare and contrast the key differences between descriptive and analytic epidemiological studies

Re: Topic 5 DQ 1

Contrasting characteristics of descriptive epidemiology will answer the questions: time, place and person as discussed on the website lesson 6 of the (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2013). The importance of describing the data benefits public health by allowing the epidemiologist to look at the data by seeing what is or is not there in terms of ages represented or not represented. The second part of descriptive epidemiology can look at patterns and trends where disease outbreaks occur, what time of the year, and who is being affected more than others, the time. Thirdly, this way of analysis helps public health by mapping everything out to look at as the larger picture, the place. And the fourth benefit is, as this is all laid out, the determination as to what groups are affected compared to other groups can be identified by race, gender, neighborhood; the person. This allows staging of resources by severity.

Analytic epidemiology compares using a control group of people that were not affected. This allows the epidemiologist to root out certain characteristics that are specifically associated with the disease as opposed to not being associated with the disease. Just like in the church outbreak, the people that belonged to the church, but had not had dinner on that night were excluded from the pool to be investigated. When characteristics can be identified that are associated with the disease, it gives public health the chance to start working on interventions. It can also lead to determining what a specific cause may be. This is done by studying the associated and non-associated groups by either an experimental study or observational study.

References

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2013). Descriptive and Analytic Studies. 

https://www.cdc.gov/csels/dsepd/ss1978/lesson1/section6.html

Dicker et al. (2012). Principles of Epidemiology in Public Health Practice: An Introduction to Applied 

Epidemiology and Biostatistics. Centers for Disease Control and

Prevention.  https://www.cdc.gov/cels/dsepd/ss1978/lesson1/section7.html 

Sample Answer 2 for PUB 540 Compare and contrast the key differences between descriptive and analytic epidemiological studies

Descriptive epidemiological studies uses observational studies of the distribution of disease in terms of person, place and time. The study describes the distribution of a set of variables, without regard to causal or other hypothesis. Birth and mortality rates, distributions of disease, and incident rates are good examples of descriptive epidemiology. The purpose of descriptive epidemiological studies is to interpret disease distribution and identifying risk factors that directly affects the health outcome. Descriptive epidemiological studies take a look at the person, time, and place. Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (2019) mentions that person aspect of the observational study is to look at the age, ethnic group/race, and socioeconomic factors. Time is one of the center factors of descriptive epidemiology because the disease patterns are very time specific. For example, most people never heard of the coronavirus until there was an epidemic outbreak in December 2019. So the time after 2019 is important when it comes to the coronavirus.

Analytic epidemiological studies look at the relationship between exposure and diseases.

The purpose of analytic study in epidemiology is to identify and quantify the relationship between an exposure and a health outcome. Analytical epidemiological studies compare the exposed versus the unexposed in odds ratio.

References

Principles of Epidemiology. (2019). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/csels/dsepd/ss1978/lesson1/section6.html

Sample Answer 3 for PUB 540 Compare and contrast the key differences between descriptive and analytic epidemiological studies

Survey and Experimental Methods

There are some necessary components a researcher must use when planning a method procedure for a survey or experimental study. According to Creswell (2009, p. 145) “a quantitative or numeric description of trends, attitudes, or opinions of a population by studying a sample of that population” is what a survey design provides. In experimental designs participants are identified in the study along with variables, treatment (or invention) on an outcome and instruments that may control or influence that outcome (Creswell, 2009).

There are standard formats that survey and experimental methods follow. The survey method begins with the survey design introducing readers to the purpose and rational of the study, identifying characteristics about the population and sample, instruments that will be used in the study, variables in the study, research questions, and steps involved in data analysis and interpretation in the study (Creswell, 2009). In the design of an experiment the standard format consists of participants, materials, procedures, and measures. Also in the methods section readers will need to know how and what methods were used to choose participants along with identifying what procedures will used such as quasi-experimental, random sampling, true experiment, matching participants, or single subject design. In addition measures are obtained using instruments used for pre-tests and post-tests and what materials are used are discussed in the experiment. The researcher will need to identify internal and external threats of their experiment and design as well (Creswell, 2009).

Reference

Creswell, J.W. (2009). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (3rd Ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.